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Introduction: Multiple factors alter the microRNAs (miRNAs) at cellular level and promote oncogenesis in oral mucosa. The present study was performed with an aim to find any expression of miRNA-145 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and correlate it with CD-133 immuno-expression, clinicopathological, and demographical variables in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with respect to controls. Materials and methods: In a prospective observational study 50 samples from patients of OSCC and 20 from unremarkable oral mucosa were studied. After initial detailed histology, miRNA-145 profiling was performed using qRT-PCR, followed by CD-133 immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: The mean age of patients with oral cancer was 47.5 ± 10.25 years. Mean miR-145 levels in OSCC were 0.4312 ± 0.32026 and mean in healthy controls was 0.99 ±0 .21771. There was significant downregulation of miRNA-145 in cases with respect to controls. Significant reduced levels of miRNA-145 with respect to higher clinical tumor size, pathological pT tumor, nodal status, and resultant clinical tumor stage was observed. As far as presence and absence of stem cells was concerned it was seen that tumors displaying presence of stem cells highlighted by CD-133 had lower levels of miRNA-145 as compared to tumors with absent CD-133 staining. Conclusions: miRNA-145 is significantly altered in OSCC in our patient population and its reduced values carry a poor prognosis. Its interaction with CSCs may not be significant but mean miRNA-145 levels are lower in tumors with CSCs. There should be further studies on the larger sample size for these two biomarkers, to know its value.
RESUMO
Introduction: The present study was done to determine the size of the sella turcica in different skeletal type subjects and to evaluate if any significant difference exists between them, which could be the basis for early diagnosis. Materials and methods: A total of 60 lateral cephalograms of patients above 15 years of age were selected and distributed according to skeletal malocclusion into class I (n = 20), class II (n = 20), and 20 class III (n = 20). Syndromic patients (physically/mentally/both) or patients with major illnesses were not included. Two linear measurements of the sella turcica, that is, length and depth in mid-sagittal plane, were obtained in accordance with Silverman and Kisling method. Unpaired t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed. Results: The mean length of sella turcica in class I, class II, and class III subjects was 3.81, 3.37, and 3.9, respectively. Similarly, the mean depth of sella turcica in class I, class II, and class III subjects was 7.6, 6.83, and 9.075, respectively. Conclusion: No significant difference in length of the sella turcica could be found between different skeletal types. Maximum depth of sella turcica was found to be in subjects with class III and minimum with class II skeletal types. Clinical significance: The linear dimensions of sella turcica can be used to approximate the pituitary gland size. The pedodontist should be familiar with different morphologies of the sella turcica to differentiate normal from abnormal appearance so that treatment can be diagnosed and treated early. How to cite this article: Grover N, Khan DUZ, Bhagchandani J, et al. A Cephalometric Study of Sella Turcica: Correlation of Its Size with Different Skeletal Malocclusions. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-3):S229-S232.