Democratizing neurosurgical knowledge: a call for publishing reform.

Publishing a scientific article in good journals with good Impact factor has become very difficult these days. This is not all depend on the quality of article. Most of times it's the lack of ability to pay the article processing fee. In Low and middle income countries (LMIC) it becomes more difficult as the research is not supported by government and institutions. Here we delve into the real problems of research article publication in LMIC.

Reductive Cleavage of C(sp2)-CF3 Bonds in Trifluoromethylpyridines.

A reductive detrifluoromethylation protocol has been developed making use of an earth-abundant alkoxide base and silicon hydride species. A variety of pyridine and quinoline substrates bearing alkyl, aryl, and amino functional groups are reduced in moderate to high yields. The reaction is chemoselective for C(sp2)-CF3 groups located at the 2-position on the pyridine ring, leaving trifluoromethyl groups located elsewhere on the molecule intact. Preliminary mechanistic studies demonstrate that the combination of silane and base generates a strongly reducing system that may transfer an electron to electron-deficient π systems.

International survey on gestational diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: There is a lack of consensus among guidelines for screening, diagnosis and management of gestational diabetes (GDM). The purpose of this project was to determine current practices around GDM amongst members of the Medical Women's International Association (MWIA). METHODS: The MWIA with the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Ottawa, developed an online survey using "Survey Monkey" and distributed it to its members. RESULTS: A total of 125 members completed the survey. Universal screening was recommended by 83% and most followed published guidelines. The 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) was used for screening by 23% of participants while 25% recommended fasting blood glucose. There was also variability in how to proceed following a positive screening test. Almost 65 % recommended one of the glucose tolerance tests (50 g OGTT 26.7 % vs. 75 g OGTT 25.6% vs. 100 g OGTT 12.2%), while 18.8% recommended starting treatment and 16.7% used other diagnostic measures. Insulin was the most recommended treatment (75%) if diet/lifestyle failed. CONCLUSIONS: Our survey highlights the international variability that exists in the screening, diagnosis, and management of women with GDM. These differences impact on true prevalence rates and may underestimate the costs of this disease. The recommendation to move to a single internationally accepted diagnostic algorithm may be hampered by the variation in current practice globally.