Trajectories of Wok Adjustment and Influencing Factors Among Newly Registered Nurses.

PURPOSE: This study explored the work adjustment trajectory and its predictors and characteristics among newly registered nurses. METHODS: A total of 245 newly registered nurses working in a university hospital provided general baseline characteristics and completed a work adjustment questionnaire along with self-report measures of clinical competency, psychological capital, preceptor exchange, social support, and role conflict when they started working independently (baseline) and at 7 and 12 months after employment. Data were collected from July 2020 to August 2022. The collected data were subjected to a group-based trajectory model, χ2 test, F test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple logistic regression using SAS 9.4, and SPSS 25.0. RESULTS: Group-based trajectory modeling classified three newly registered nurse groups: nurses with a high work adjustment level in all subscales from the beginning of employment (early adjustment group, 16.1%), nurses with a moderate level of adjustment from beginning to end (standard adjustment group, 60.6%), and nurses with a low level of work adjustment from early to mid-term, rising later (delayed adjustment group, 23.3%). Higher hope, optimism, and emotional support predicted early and standard adjustments. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the trajectory characteristics, newly registered nurses need to improve their work adjustment. The early and standard adjustment groups should continuously monitor their levels of work adjustment while monitoring their hopes, optimism, and emotional support. In particular, the delayed adjustment group required customized educational programs and strengthened peer support.

The associations of psychological burnout and time factors on medication errors in rotating shift nurses in Korea: A cross sectional descriptive study.

AIM: To describe the associations of psychological burnout and time factors on hospital nurses' medication errors. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey design was used. METHODS: A structured questionnaire pertaining to psychological burnout, time factors and medication error was administered to 200 bedside nurses working at two tertiary university hospitals in Korea. The associations between the psychological burnout, time factor and medication error were analysed with the zero-inflated negative binomial regression for over-dispersed and over-abundant zeros count data. RESULTS: Higher psychological burnout, shorter meal time during duty and longer weekly overtime were associated with an increased likelihood of medication error of nurses working in tertiary university hospitals. For medication safety, nurse managers should provide appropriate administrative support to nurses to cope with psychological burnout of nurses. Work time management should also be considered as human factors to satisfy the needs of nurses, such as securing meal times and maintaining a low level of weekly overtime.

Communication competence and resilience are modifiable factors for burnout of operating room nurses in South Korea.

BACKGROUND: Burnout negatively impacts the personal and professional life of nurses. Job stress and resilience have been determined to be associated with nurse burnout. Given the importance of communication competence in operating room (OR) nurses, the associations of job stress, resilience, and communication competence with burnout have not been examined. PURPOSE: To determine the relationships of job stress, resilience, and communication competence to burnout of OR nurses in South Korea. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study of 146 OR nurses. A series of self-reported questionnaires was used to assess job stress, resilience, communication competence, and burnout. Pearson correlation coefficient and a hierarchical linear regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Communication competence was correlated with resilience (r = 0.65, p < .001) and burnout (r = -0.44, p < .001), and resilience was correlated with burnout (r = -0.48, p < .001). Resilience (ß = -0.22, p = .027) and communication competence (ß = -0.33, p < .001) were associated with burnout of OR nurses in a hierarchical linear regression (F = 6.28, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Increased resilience and communication competence were associated with lower burnout of perioperative nurses. To prevent and reduce burnout of OR nurses, it is necessary to develop and implement a program targeting for communication competence and resilience. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nurse leaders should provide programs fostering communication competence and resilience to OR nurses and encourage them to actively participate in such job trainings.

Influence of Sleep Characteristic Changes on Nurses' Quality of Life during Their Transition to Practice: A Prospective Cohort Study.

AIM: To explore the effect of changes in sleep characteristics on changes in quality of life during the transition period of new graduate nurses. BACKGROUND: Sleep problems among nurses are associated with negative physical and psychological consequences. METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in South Korea. Participants included 88 newly graduated nurses. Data were collected twice, prior to shift work and after 4 months of working as a nurse, via online structured self-report questionnaires created using Survey Monkey from March 2018 to February 2020. A generalized linear mixed model was used to analyze the influence of changes in sleep characteristics on quality of life. RESULTS: A generalized linear mixed model showed that changes in the subjective quality of sleep, subjective health perception, and daytime dysfunction influenced quality of life changes during the transition. This implies that deterioration already existed. From their undergraduate period to four months after they began working as nurses, a significant decrease was observed in the quality of sleep. Participants' quality of life significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the quality of life of new graduate nurses may show deterioration with a significant drop in subjective sleep quality. Institutions should improve existing work adaptation programs provided during new graduate nurses' transition to practice by including information on changes in nurses' health caused by changes in sleep characteristics and sleep quality.

Effects of patient deterioration simulation using inattentional blindness for final year nursing students: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Patient deterioration should be detected early and responded appropriately for patient safety. It is necessary to strengthen situational awareness regarding patient deterioration. Inattentional blindness is a major factor that hinders situational awareness about patient deterioration in the clinical setting. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the impact of patient deterioration simulation using inattentional blindness (PDS-IB) on situational awareness and patient safety competency-attitude among final year nursing students. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: Final year nursing students at a university in South Korea. METHODS: Students were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The experimental group (n = 47) was given a PDS-IB. The control group (n = 44) received a simple patient deterioration simulation. Situational awareness and patient safety competency-attitude were measured at baseline, post intervention, and at 2 weeks follow-up. Data were analyzed using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS: There were statistically significant group effects, time effects, and group and time interaction effects in situational awareness and patient safety competency-attitude. CONCLUSION: PDS-IB is an effective educational strategy that increases situational awareness and patient safety competency-attitude in final year nursing students.

Exploring the influence of workplace violence and bystander behaviour on patient safety in Korea: A pilot study.

AIMS: To explore the influences of clinical nurses' workplace violence and bystander behaviour on patient safety. BACKGROUND: Bystanders' role in social violence affects the consequences of said violence; however, few studies have explored the relationship between workplace violence and patient safety among nurses working in clinical settings. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey design was conducted using a structured questionnaire pertaining to workplace violence, bystander behaviour, patient safety culture and nurse-assessed patient safety outcomes. The questionnaire was administered to 185 bedside nurses at a university hospital in a metropolitan city in Korea. RESULTS: A regression model with department, patient safety culture, workplace bullying, incivility and bystander behaviour explained approximately 34.0% of patient safety. Further, defending bystander behaviour, facilitating bystander behaviour, work-related bullying and co-worker incivility influenced the patient safety. CONCLUSION: Being a facilitating bystander was a threat to patient safety, while being a defending bystander enhanced patient safety. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The negative consequences of workplace violence on patient safety may be mitigated by colleagues' reaction to violence; therefore, nursing policymakers should emphasize the role of positive bystanders as an organisational strategy against workplace violence.

Medication error encouragement training: A quasi-experimental study.

BACKGROUND: Medication errors are the most common clinical errors in healthcare practice and can lead to serious consequences. Medication error encouragement training (MEET) brings students face-to-face with potential errors in the medication process, in a safe environment where they are encouraged to understand both the error and the context in which it occurred. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to examine the effects of a MEET intervention on medication safety confidence among nursing undergraduates. DESIGN: This was a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group design. PARTICIPANTS: Our sample was recruited from the nursing education department of a university, with 47 participants randomly assigned to the experimental group, and 50 to the control group. METHODS: Both groups received theoretical training, followed by applied training. The experimental group received the MEET intervention developed specifically for this study, while the control group received traditional error avoidance training. Participants' medication administration confidence was measured pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS: Following training, the experimental group's confidence was significantly higher than that of the control group. With regard to individual medication administration procedures, the experimental groups' medication safety confidence increased significantly after training compared to the control group in patient identification, drug information confirmation, and drug preparation. CONCLUSIONS: Introducing MEET into nursing curricula could reduce medication errors and related complications in healthcare institutions. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of MEET interventions, as well as the generalizability of our findings.

Exploring the Influence of Nursing Work Environment and Patient Safety Culture on Missed Nursing Care in Korea.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the influence of nurse work environment and patient safety culture in hospital on instances of missed nursing care in South Korea. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used, in which a structured questionnaire was administered to 186 nurses working at a tertiary university hospital. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Missed nursing care was found to be correlated with clinical career, nursing work environment and patient safety culture. The regression model explained approximately 30.3 % of missed nursing care. Meanwhile, staffing and resource adequacy (ß = -.31, p = .001), nurse manager ability, leadership and support of nurses (ß = -.26, p = .004), clinical career (ß = -.21, p = .004), and perception on patient safety culture within unit (ß = -.19, p = .041) were determined to be influencing factors on missed nursing care. CONCLUSION: This study has significance as it suggested that missed nursing care is affected by work environment factors within unit. This means that missed nursing care is a unit outcome affected by nurse work environment factors and patient safety culture. Therefore, missed nursing care can be managed through the implementation of interventions that promote a positive nursing work environment and patient safety culture.

Antitumor and antioxidant activity of protocatechualdehyde produced from Streptomyces lincolnensis M-20.

We characterized the biological functions of protocatechualdehyde (PA) isolated from the butanol extract of culture supernatant from Streptomyces lincolnensis M-20. Following butanol extraction, it was purified by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. PA was analyzed by Furier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Gas chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). PA had potent antioxidant activity, as measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Antitumor activity against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells was evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium-bromide (MTT) assay. PA treatment (0 approximately 150 muM) dose-dependently blocked apoptosis, as shown by improved cell viability and inter-nucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Our findings suggest that Streptomyces lincolnensis M-20, a lincomycin producer, also produces protocatechualdehyde.

Purification and characterization of chitinase from Streptomyces sp. M-20.

Chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14) was isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces sp. M-20 and purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography, and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. No exochitinase activity was found in the culture filtrate. The molecular mass of the purified chitinase was 20 kDa, estimated by a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and was confirmed by activity staining with Calcofluor White M2R. Chitinase was optimally active at pH of 5.0 and at 30 degrees C. The enzyme was stable from pH 4 to 8, and up to 40 degrees C. Among the metals and inhibitors that were tested, the Hg(+), Hg(2+), and p-chloromercuribenzoic acid completely inhibited the enzyme activity. The chitinase activity was high on colloidal chitin, chitotriose, and chitooligosaccharide. The purified chitinase showed antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea, and lysozyme activity against the cell wall of Botrytis cinerea.