Dynamic stability of cholesterol and desmosterol in human milk from four Asian countries.

Cholesterol is one of the functional nutrients in human milk, which is indispensable for infant growth. In this study, the concentration of cholesterol and desmosterol in human milk from four Asian countries (n = 578), including Korea, China, Vietnam, and Pakistan, were investigated. The average cholesterol concentrations of Korea and China were similar ranging between 90.2-91.6 mg/L, but those from Vietnam and Pakistan were higher at 113.8 and 175.7 mg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviations were 31-36%, except for Pakistan (51%), showing a broad distribution of 48 to 612 mg/L. Desmosterol concentrations were similar, ranging between 11.2 and 12.8 mg/L except for Pakistan, which was lower than other countries at 9.4 mg/L. In addition, the cholesterol and desmosterol concentrations during the lactation periods were not significantly different in all four Asian countries. Mothers' BMI did not significantly impact the cholesterol and desmosterol concentration in maternal milk within the same country. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01141-9.

The analysis of 2'-fucosyllactose concentration in Korean maternal milk using LC-MS/MS.

Despite health benefits reported recently, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) concentration in maternal milk was not conclusively reported because it varies between countries and mothers. Particularly, its distribution among Korean mothers was not obtained from a reliable sample group yet. Thus, a dynamic range for 2'-FL concentration in Korean mothers' milk was investigated from 102 samples. A quantitative method using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) by triple-quadrupole-mass spectrometry has been evaluated by a standard procedure of method validation. The 2'-FL concentration was in the range of 0.4 to 2.6 g/L overall. While the samples from secretor mothers (n = 80) contained 1.0 to 2.8 g/L of 2'-FL, the maternal milk from non-secretor mothers (n = 22) had 0.01 to 0.06 g/L of 2'-FL only. In addition to the genetic variation of mothers, the lactation period impacted the 2'-FL concentration. The average 2'-FL concentration of the late-stage group (> 60 days) was 78% of that obtained from the first month of postpartum mothers. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01154-4.

Correction: Privacy-preserving parallel kNN classification algorithm using index-based filtering in cloud computing.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267908.].

Privacy-preserving parallel kNN classification algorithm using index-based filtering in cloud computing.

With the development of cloud computing, interest in database outsourcing has recently increased. In cloud computing, it is necessary to protect the sensitive information of data owners and authorized users. For this, data mining techniques over encrypted data have been studied to protect the original database, user queries and data access patterns. The typical data mining technique is kNN classification which is widely used for data analysis and artificial intelligence. However, existing works do not provide a sufficient level of efficiency for a large amount of encrypted data. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving parallel kNN classification algorithm. To reduce the computation cost for encryption, we propose an improved secure protocol by using an encrypted random value pool. To reduce the query processing time, we not only design a parallel algorithm, but also adopt a garbled circuit. In addition, the security analysis of the proposed algorithm is performed to prove its data protection, query protection, and access pattern protection. Through our performance evaluation, the proposed algorithm shows about 2∼25 times better performance compared with existing algorithms.

Improved Light Harvesting of Fiber-Shaped Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Using a Bacteriophage Doping Method.

Fiber-shaped solar cells (FSCs) with flexibility, wearability, and wearability have emerged as a topic of intensive interest and development in recent years. Although the development of this material is still in its early stages, bacteriophage-metallic nanostructures, which exhibit prominent localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties, are one such material that has been utilized to further improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar cells. This study confirmed that fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells (FDSSCs) enhanced by silver nanoparticles-embedded M13 bacteriophage (Ag@M13) can be developed as solar cell devices with better PCE than the solar cells without them. The PCE of FDSSCs was improved by adding the Ag@M13 into an iodine species (I-/I3-) based electrolyte, which is used for redox couple reactions. The optimized Ag@M13 enhanced FDSSC showed a PCE of up to 5.80%, which was improved by 16.7% compared to that of the reference device with 4.97%.

Comprehensive analysis of fatty acids in human milk of four Asian countries.

Human milk lipids provide not only energy but also indispensable bioactive components such as essential fatty acids. To establish the recommended daily intake value and guidelines for infant formula, a reference library of fatty acid composition has been generated from 4 Asian countries (South Korea, China, Vietnam, and Pakistan). Regardless of country, palmitic acid (C16:0), linoleic acid (C18:1), and linolenic acid (C18:2) were the 3 most abundant fatty acids in human milk and account for more than 75% of total fatty acids (total FA). However, there were several considerable differences between fatty acids, particularly n-3 and n-6 (omega-3 and omega-6) groups. Chinese mothers' milk had a high concentration of linoleic acid at 24.38 ± 10.02% of total FA, which may be due to maternal diet. Among the 4 countries, Pakistani mothers' milk contained a high amount of saturated fatty acid (56.83 ± 5.96% of total FA), and consequently, polyunsaturated fatty acids, including n-3 and n-6, were significantly lower than in other countries. It is noteworthy that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in Pakistani mothers' milk was 44.8 ± 33.3 mg/L, which is only 25 to 30% of the levels in the other 3 countries, suggesting the need for DHA supplementation for infants in Pakistan. Moreover, the ratio of n-6 to n-3 was also remarkably high in Pakistani mothers' milk (15.21 ± 4.96), being 1.4- to 1.7-fold higher than in other countries. The average DHA:ARA ratio in Asian human milk was 1.01 ± 0.79. Korean mothers' milk showed a high DHA:ARA ratio, with a value of 1.30 ± 0.98, but Pakistani mothers' milk had a significantly lower value (0.42 ± 0.12). The fatty acid compositions and anthropometric data of mother (body mass index, age) did not show any correlation. The obtained data might provide information about human milk compositions in the Asian region that could benefit from setting up recommended nutrient intake and infant formula for Asian babies.

Magnesium Aminoclay (MgAC) as an Additive in Anti-Icing Mixture of Propylene Glycol Applied to Railway Electrical Wires: A Preliminary Study.

Ice accumulation on the surface of railway electrical wires can cause significant problems in the winter season. Different anti-icing liquids have been used to prevent the formation of ice on different surface substrates. The most common anti-icing liquids are ethylene glycol mixtures. Recently, propylene glycol, due to its lesser toxicity, has been considered as an alternative anti-icing agent. However, propylene glycol mixtures have some limitations, in that their degradation can lead to corrosion of the metal substrate. As detailed in the literature, (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APTES), the precursor of magnesium aminoclay (MgAC), has been used to protect metal substrates from corrosion. In the present study we examined the potential of MgAC as an APTES-alternative additive in propylene glycol mixtures. The results showed that the anti-icing properties of the propylene glycol mixtures were maintained in the presence of MgAC (at 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 wt.% concentrations). Furthermore, MgAC's potential as a thickening agent was shown in the increased viscosity of the propylene glycol/MgAC mixtures relative to the propylene glycol mixtures. The addition of MgAC also rendered the propylene glycol mixtures more hydrophilic. However, MgAC addition also led to corrosion due to the excess amounts of amine groups in the anti-icing solution. In this paper, the corrosion mechanism of MgAC is explained in the paper. In the future, the anti-icing and anticorrosion properties of propylene glycol/MgAC mixtures at low concentrations (<0.1 wt.%) should be more fully investigated.

A Comparison of Vitamin and Lutein Concentrations in Breast Milk from Four Asian Countries.

Vitamins are the essential elements for human life and, particularly, for infant health. Human milk is the best source of nutrients for newborns, however, the information of vitamins in Asian maternal milk is still limited. In this study, we have collected 580 Asian maternal milk samples from Korea (n = 254), China (n = 137), Pakistan (n = 92), and Vietnam (n = 97). The vitamin concentrations, including vitamin B-groups (8 vitamins), fat-soluble vitamin (retinol, D, E, K) and lutein in the breast milk of were investigated. The concentration of thiamin (B1), biotin (B7), and folic acid (B9) in mother's milk of four countries were not considerably different, while riboflavin (B2), pantothenic acid (B5), and pyridoxine (B6) level in Vietnam samples were significantly lower than those in other countries. In contrast, retinol (A) and tocopherol (E) were found to be higher levels in Vietnamese maternal milk. Korean and Chinese maternal milk had low concentrations of retinol that may cause vitamin A deficiency in children. However, Chinese mother's milk was distinguished with a high concentration of lutein. Pakistani mother's milk was observed as having a significant problem of folic acid (B9) deficiency. Regardless of the country, vitamin B12, K, and D did not seem to be provided sufficiently through maternal milk. The moderate positive correlations were found between vitamin concentrations in each country and the pooled sample. The data obtained in this study were able to provide vital information to assess the nutritional status of breast milk in Asian countries and contributed to the efforts of ensuring the best nutrition for Asian children.

Surface Characterizations of Railway Electrical Wires Coated with Anti-Icing Mixtures of Ethylene Glycol or Glycerol with Tap Water.

Icing of railway contact wires in the cold climates of the USA, Canada, China, Japan, and South Korea can cause significant problems and delays in the operation schedules of electric-powered trains and subway cars. As anti-icing methods, manual de-icing, contact-wire thermal running, resistive-wire-heating de-icing, and chemical de-icing have all been explored and tested. Among them, environmentally friendly chemical de-icing based on the same concept as that of automobileengine antifreezer can be practically effective for application to contact wires at railcar depots. In the present study, the railway contact wires are coated with anti-icing mixtures of ethylene glycol/tap water and glycerol/tap water at various ratios (v/v %) as well as with tap water alone, at temperatures of -30 and -40 °C in a deep freezer. The morphological change on the wire surfaces is observed under optical microscopy. The surface-contact angles are measured to examine the surface difference between uncoated and coated railway contact-wire fragments. Conclusively, the fragments coated with 40/60 and 60/40 (v/v %) ratios of ethylene glycol or glycerol with tap water, as compared with the uncoated fragments, are shown to have been effectively de-iced. The surface-characterizations data thus indicate that mixtures of glycerol or ethylene glycol with tap water can be practical de-icing agents for application to railway contact wires.

Effect of Biostimulator Chlorella fusca on Improving Growth and Qualities of Chinese Chives and Spinach in Organic Farm.

This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of freshwater alga, Chlorella fusca on the improvement of growth and qualities in organic spinach and Chinese chives farm. The average height of Chinese chives treated with the chlorella was 3.7 cm smaller than that of the untreated. The leaf width and fresh weight of Chinese chives treated with the chlorella was 0.5 mm wider and 30.3 g heavier than that of the untreated. The commercialization and yield of Chinese chives treated with the chlorella was 11.9% and 18.3%, respectively higher than that of the untreated. Also, the disease severity of gray mold disease of Chinese chives treated with the chlorella was reduced by more than 24.2% when compared with the untreated. The thickness and number of spinach leaves treated with chlorella was 27.9% and 41.8%, respectively higher than that of the untreated. The fresh weight and yield of the spinach treated with the chlorella was 63.6% and 31.5%, respectively higher than that of the untreated. Moreover, the mineral content of K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, and Mn were recorded higher in the spinach treated with chlorella compared with that of untreated. The results indicated that the freshwater alga, Chlorella fusca is efficient and economical biostimulant in improving plant growth and quality of Chinese chives and spinach in organic farm.

Reference Value for Infrapatellar Branch of Saphenous Nerve Conduction Study: Cadaveric and Clinical Study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal stimulation and recording site for infrapatellar branch of saphenous nerve (IPBSN) conduction studies by a cadaveric study, and to confirm that obtained location is practically applicable to healthy adults. METHODS: Twelve lower limbs from six cadavers were studied. We defined the optimal stimulation site as the point IPBSN exits the sartorius muscle and the distance or ratio were measured on the X- and Y-axis based on the line connecting the medial and lateral poles of the patella. We defined the optimal recording site as the point where the terminal branch met the line connecting inferior pole of patella and tibial tuberosity, and measured the distance from the inferior pole. Also, nerve conduction studies were performed with obtained location in healthy adults. RESULTS: In optimal stimulation site, the mean value of X-coordinate was 55.50±6.10 mm, and the ratio of the Y-coordinate to the thigh length was 25.53%±5.40%. The optimal recording site was located 15.92±1.83 mm below the inferior pole of patella. In our sensory nerve conduction studies through this location, mean peak latency was 4.11±0.30 ms and mean amplitude was 4.16±1.49 µV. CONCLUSION: The optimal stimulation site was located 5.0-6.0 cm medial to medial pole of the patella and 25% of thigh length proximal to the X-axis. The optimal recording site was located 1.5-2.0 cm below inferior pole of patella. We have also confirmed that this location is clinically applicable.

Enhancement of Seed Dehiscence by Seed Treatment with Talaromyces flavus GG01 and GG04 in Ginseng (Panax ginseng).

Seed dehiscence of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Mayer) is affected by moisture, temperature, storage conditions and microbes. Several microbes were isolated from completely dehisced seed coat of ginseng cultivars, Chunpoong and Younpoong at Gumsan, Korea. We investigated the potential of five Talaromyces flavus isolates from the dehiscence of ginseng seed in four traditional stratification facilities. The isolates showed antagonistic activities against fungal plant pathogens, such as Cylindrocarpon destructans, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia nivalis, Botrytis cinerea, and Phytophthora capsici. The dehiscence ratios of ginseng seed increased more than 33% by treatment of T. flavus GG01, GG02, GG04, GG12, and GG23 in comparison to control (28%). Among the treatments, the reformulating treatment of T. flavus isolates GG01 and GG04 showed the highest of stratification ratio of ginseng seed. After 16 weeks, the reformulating treatment of T. flavus isolates GG01 and GG04 significantly enhanced dehiscence of ginseng seed by about 81% compared to the untreated control. The candidate's treatment of T. flavus GG01 and GG04 showed the highest decreasing rate of 93% in seed coat hardness for 112 days in dehiscence period. The results suggested that the pre-inoculation of T. flavus GG01 and GG04 found to be very effective applications in improving dehiscence and germination of ginseng seed.

Partial cutting of sternothyroid muscle during total thyroidectomy: impact on postoperative vocal outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Cutting the sternothyroid (ST) muscle is a useful technique to expose the superior pole of thyroid gland during thyroidectomy. In this study, we evaluated the impact of partial cutting of the ST muscle on postoperative vocal outcomes after total thyroidectomy. METHODS: A retrospective review of 57 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection for micropapillary thyroid carcinoma was conducted. Group A (n = 26) included those without cutting the ST muscle, while group B (n = 31) included patients whose muscle was partially cut at the superior pole. All patients underwent voice analysis before the operation and 2 weeks and 1 month after the surgery, and the outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There were no differences between the two groups regarding the outcomes at each time of voice analysis. Group A showed a decrease of maximum frequency 2 weeks after surgery but showed no difference after 1 month. Group B showed a mild decrease in maximum frequency 2 weeks after surgery, but the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: Partial cutting of ST muscle during thyroidectomy is useful to expose the superior pole without significant negative impact on postoperative outcomes of vocal analysis.

Evaluation of Watermelon Germplasm for Resistance to Phytophthora Blight Caused by Phytophthora capsici.

This study was conducted to determine the Phytophthora rot resistance of 514 accessions of watermelon germplasm, Citrullus lanatus var lanatus. About 46% of the 514 accessions tested were collections from Uzbekistan, Turkey, China, U.S.A., and Ukraine. Phytophthora capsici was inoculated to 45-day-old watermelon seedlings by drenching with 5 ml of sporangial suspension (10(6) sporangia/ml). At 7 days after inoculation, 21 accessions showed no disease symptoms while 291 accessions of susceptible watermelon germplasm showed more than 60.1% disease severity. A total of 510 accessions of watermelon germplasm showed significant disease symptoms and were rated as susceptible to highly susceptible 35 days after inoculation. The highly susceptible watermelon germplasm exhibited white fungal hyphae on the lesion or damping off with water-soaked and browning symptoms. One accession (IT032840) showed moderate resistance and two accessions (IT185446 and IT187904) were resistant to P. capsici. Results suggest that these two resistant germplasm can be used as a rootstock and as a source of resistance in breeding resistant watermelon varieties against Phytophthora.

Comparison of clinical outcomes in differentiated thyroid carcinoma between children and young adult patients.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate differences between children and young adult patients in presentation, clinical course, and outcome of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 61 children and young adults (50 female and 11 male; aged <25 years) with DTC who were treated with radioiodine (RI) and followed up between June 2002 and May 2010. All patients had undergone total thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection if enlarged lymph nodes were present and had been referred for initial radioiodine ablation. Recurrence-free survival was evaluated with the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: At diagnosis, extrathyroidal extension of DTC was more prevalent and mean tumor size was bigger in children than in young adults (P = 0.045 and P = 0.002, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to the presence of lymph node or distant metastases (P = 0.885 and P = 1.000, respectively). During follow-up, the recurrence in the thyroid bed or cervical lymph nodes occurred in 6 children (20.7%) and in 3 young adults (9.4%; P = 0.323). The recurrence-free survival rate was similar in children and in young adults (log-rank test, χ1 = 2.424, P = 0.120). CONCLUSIONS: Our result shows that, although the presentation of DTC at the time of diagnosis was more aggressive in children, intensive management elicited a similar clinical outcome in children and in young adults.

Clinical significance of diffuse hepatic visualization and thyroid bed uptake on post-ablative iodine-131 whole body scan in differentiated thyroid cancer.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate whether diffuse hepatic and thyroid bed uptake of (131)I on post-ablative whole body scans (PAWBS) of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) have any relevance for clinical outcome and parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 838 patients with DTC, who were treated at Pusan National University Hospital from 2004 to 2009. Grades of hepatic and thyroid bed uptake on (131)I whole body scan were classified from 0 to 3 by visual assessment. Recurrence-free survival was evaluated with the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Male patients having tumors larger than 4 cm (p = 0.005), multiple tumor foci (p < 0.001), involved margins (p = 0.006), and a higher TNM stage (p < 0.001) were more likely to relapse. Thyroid bed grade (p < 0.001) and liver uptake grade (p = 0.002) were also revealed as significant prognostic factors. Intense thyroid bed uptake and faint hepatic activity were related to poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that increased retention of (131)I in the thyroid bed and less visualization of liver on PAWBS mean poor prognosis. This would be related to the amount of remnant thyroid tissue and ineffective destruction of it.

Preoperative ultrasonographic tumor characteristics as a predictive factor of tumor stage in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of tumor characteristics on ultrasonography for predicting the pathologic stage of papillary thyroid carcinoma. METHODS: We evaluated 354 patients who underwent surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma (≤2 cm). We analyzed the preoperative ultrasonography findings such as tumor size, shape, margin, echogenicity, calcification, vascularity, and contact with the capsule. RESULTS: Tumor size, echogenicity, and contact with the capsule were predictive for the presence of extrathyroid extension. Size and echogenicity were significantly associated with central lymph node metastasis in the multivariate analysis. Some ultrasonography characteristics such as round shape, well-defined margin, and isoechoic echogenicity were negative predictive factors for extrathyroid extension and central lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: Preoperative tumor characteristics on ultrasonography correlated with several prognostic factors for papillary thyroid carcinoma and may serve as preoperative supplementary markers for determining the optimal extent of surgery.

Limited predictive value of dual-time-point F-18 FDG PET/CT for evaluation of pathologic N1 status in NSCLC patients.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to investigate the predictive value of dual-time-point F-18 FDG PET/CT for pathologic N1 metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: A retrospective review identified 70 patients with NSCLC patients who received dual-time-point F-18 FDG PET/CT at diagnosis of cancer. The F-18 FDG PET/CT findings for all primary NSCLC and mediastinal lymph node involvement were compared with the pathologic diagnosis within 5 weeks after surgical resection. The pathologic diagnoses of N1 state were confirmed by surgical resection. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the associations among the pathologic N1 status and age, sex, tumor size, histology, standardized uptake value (SUV(maxE)), SUV(maxD), and %ΔSUV(max). RESULTS: The N1 (+) group showed statistically significant higher value of SUV(maxE) and SUV(maxD) than N1 (-) group. The %ΔSUV(max) did not show the statistical difference between pathologic N1 (+) and N1 (-) groups. Receiver operating characteristic analyses showed that the SUV(maxE) was superior to the %ΔSUV(max) for the prediction of pathologic N1 involvement in NSCLC. In univariate analysis, pathology (adenocarcinoma or nonadenocarcinoma), SUV(maxE) (>6.9 or ≤6.9), SUV(maxD) (>7.1 or ≤7.1) were factors significantly associated with pathologic N1 involvement. However, in multivariate analysis, only the SUV(maxE) was factor significantly associated with pathologic N1 involvement in NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the presented results, the dual-time-point F-18 FDG PET/CT is not a useful method for the prediction of pathologic N1 status in NSCLC patients. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and improve statistical accuracy.

Effect of dialysis on cerebral blood flow in depressive end-stage renal disease patients.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with depressive symptoms during dialysis. METHODS: Fourteen patients with ESRD underwent Tc-99m ethylcysteinate dimer (Tc-99m ECD) brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and were evaluated the severity of depressive mood at pre-dialytic period and at least 6 months after dialysis initiation. rCBF was analyzed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) in brain SPECT image. The responder was defined as a decrease of ≥25% in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) score from baseline HDRS score. RESULTS: Pre-dialysis brain SPECT did not show any rCBF differences between responders and non-responders. The follow-up brain SPECT revealed a significant higher perfusion in left middle temporal gyrus of responder group when compared with non-responder (hemisphere coordinate X, Y, Z; -58, -2, -16, peak Z = 3.36, p = 0.046). In responder, a significant increase in rCBF was found in right parahippocampal gyrus (hemisphere coordinate X, Y, Z; 30, -40, -14, peak Z = 3.51, p = 0.043). In non-responder, there were significant decreases in rCBF in left superior frontal gyrus (hemisphere coordinate X, Y, Z; -22, 30, 42, peak Z = 3.86, p = 0.032) and right orbitofrontal cortex (hemisphere coordinate X, Y, Z; 10, 58, -6, peak Z = 3.81, p = 0.046). CONCLUSION: The present findings showed the characteristic patterns of rCBF changes in depressive ESRD patients having maintenance dialysis. Further investigations in brain blood flow and glucose metabolism are needed to elucidate the effect of dialysis itself and the difference of according to dialysis modality in patients having depression and ESRD.

Dyella thiooxydans sp. nov., a facultatively chemolithotrophic, thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium isolated from rhizosphere soil of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.).

A Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped, thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium, designated ATSB10(T), was isolated from rhizosphere soil of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain ATSB10(T) was closely related to members of the genera Dyella (96.4-98.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Luteibacter (96.4-97.0 %) and Fulvimonas soli LMG 19981(T) (96.7 %) and Frateuria aurantia IFO 3245(T) (97.8 %). The predominant fatty acids were iso-C(16 : 0), iso-C(17 : 1)ω9c and iso-C(15 : 0). The major quinone was Q-8. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 66.0 mol%. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, an unknown phospholipid, unknown aminophospholipids and an unknown aminolipid. On the basis of phenotypic properties, phylogenetic distinctiveness and DNA-DNA relatedness, strain ATSB10(T) represents a novel species in the genus Dyella, for which the name Dyella thiooxydans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ATSB10(T) (=KACC 12756(T) =LMG 24673(T)).