Effectiveness of bruxism treatment in young adults.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the developed algorithm for treatment and prevention measures aimed at eliminating clinical manifestations of bruxism in young people. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: A cohort of 377 individuals aged 25 to 44 years underwent examination. Based on identified etiological factors, three distinct groups were delineated. Treatment and preventive strategies were then implemented and evaluated. Tailored treatment algorithms were devised for each group: Group one received selective grinding of supracontacts (up to 0.5-0.75 mm) and treatment for orthodontic issues utilizing removable and fixed orthodontic structures. Group two underwent finger self-massage of masticatory muscles, fabrication of biting dental splints, and anti-inflammatory drug therapy. Group three received sedative drug therapy in conjunction with psychiatric consultation, based on indications. Treatment efficacy was assessed 12 months post-initiation. Statistical analyses were conducted using Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, Inc., USA) and Microsoft Office Excel 2010. RESULTS: Results: In cases where orthodontic pathology and supracontacts predominated (r=0.99, p<0.05), employing selective grinding and orthodontic treatment according to specific indications yielded significant efficacy. This approach resulted in a notable reduction in bruxism severity, corroborated by occludogram results 12 months post-treatment initiation. Notably, 90.0% of occludogram indicators fell within the 90-100% range, accompanied by a decrease in the BruxChecker abrasion facets area (p<0.05). Further, there was a substantial enhancement in occlusal contacts (Ck=0.68, Ck =0.71, Ck =0.93). In instances where TMJ pathology predominated with high reliability (r=0.98, p<0.05), effective normalization of masticatory muscle tone and alleviation of temporomandibular joint issues were observed. After 12 months, palpation revealed minimal tenderness in specific muscle areas and normalization of electromyography readings from initial indicators (p<0.05). Moreover, when the psycho-emotional factor primarily contributed to bruxism etiology (r=0.97, p<0.05), medical intervention proved effective. This approach led to bruxism disappearance and normalization of the psycho-emotional state within 12 months (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The conducted studies provide high-confidence evidence of the effectiveness of bruxism treatment when diagnosing the prevailing etiological factor and targeting its specific impact, leading to the normalization of all other factors, a reduction in bruxism intensity, and its complete disappearance.

IMMUNITY CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MAXILLOFACIAL ODONTOGENIC INFECTIONS DURING TREATMENT STAGES: AN ANALYSIS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Evaluate the expediency of using different methods of treatment for patients with acute purulent-odontogenic inflammatory processes in both the main and control groups. This assessment will be based on various indicators of non-specific immunity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: This study involved the evaluation of the humoral component of nonspecific immunity in 114 patients. We assessed changes in total protein and its fractions, C-reactive protein (CRP), lysozyme, and immunoglobulins (A, M, and G) during three distinct time intervals: 1-3 days, 5-7 days, and 8-14 days after treatment initiation. Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, Inc., USA) and Microsoft Office Excel 2010. RESULTS: Results: At different postoperative follow-up periods, a significant improvement in humoral nonspecific immunity indicators (p>0.05) was observed when comparing patients treated with and without platelet-rich plasma. This improvement is expected to enhance reparative processes and expedite recovery. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The incorporation of platelet-rich plasma, immunocorrective, and adaptogenic therapy into the comprehensive treatment of acute purulent odontogenic inflammatory processes in the maxillofacial region not only leads to pronounced and enduring positive outcomes but also results in substantial improvements, including the potential normalization of key humoral and cellular factors associated with innate immunity.

PECULIARITIES OF FREE RADICAL OXIDATION AND ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION PARAMETERS OF THE ORAL FLUID IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC CATARRHAL GINGIVITIS WITH UNDERLYING DIABETES MELLITUS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Objective of the research was to study peculiarities of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection parameters of the oral fluid in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis with underlying diabetes mellitus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Oral fluid was examined in 105 children aged 12 including somatically healthy ones with intact periodontium and chronic catarrhal gingivitis, suffering from diabetes mellitus up to 5 years and more than 5 years with chronic catarrhal gingivitis. The parameters of lipid peroxide oxidation (level of diene conjugates, Malone dialdehyde) and antioxidant protection (activity of SOD and catalase, POM, whole protein; ceruloplasmin; НS-groups) of the oral fluid were determined. RESULTS: Results: The results obtained are indicative of available probable difference in the examined parameters among children depending on their general state of health and periodontal tissue condition. The best parameters were found among somatically healthy children with intact periodontium. They deteriorated in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis available irrespective of their general state of health. They reached the most critical level in children with diabetes mellitus lasting longer than 5 years. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The course of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children, both somatically healthy and those suffering from diabetes mellitus, is associated with increased parameters of lipid peroxide oxidation and decreased enzymatic activity of the antioxidant protection system of the oral fluid. The most considerable changes are found in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus lasting more than 5 years.

THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF DENTAL PATHOLOGY OF THE HARD TISSUES OF THE TEETH IN CHILDREN.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: A study of the impact of drinking water quality on the state of dental health in schoolchildren who permanently live in areas of biogeochemical deficiency of fluorine and iodine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Material and methods: The composition of the drinking water of the city of Uzhhorod and the city of Rakhiv has been investigated. The prevalence and intensity of dental caries in children is determined, drinking water is taken in accordance with Uzhhorod and Rakhiv. RESULTS: Results: The regional features of the composition of drinking water of the mountain Rakhivsky district of the Transcarpathian region are the high variety of combinations of mineral components and the frequent excess of the normative content of dry residue components, namely nitrates, sulfates, chlorides, magnesium and calcium.Water oxidation, total stiffness and total alkalinity were significantly different. The established drinking water quality indicators have a direct dependence on the prevalence and intensity of dental caries in children, that is, a significant increase in the number of carious temporary, carious and distant permanent teeth and a decrease in filled temporary and permanent teeth (p < 0. 05) were diagnosed. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: One of the most pressing problems in water hygiene is the urgent need to review and improve regulations, State sanitary regulations, standards and other regulations in the field of drinking water, including through the development of regional drinking water quality standards.

FEATURES OF OCCLUSAL CORRELATIONS OF MOLARS IN THE DENTAL CLINIC.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study the odontoglific and odometometric parameters of molar crowns of the upper and lower jaws in males and females. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: To achieve the aim of the research was used odontoglyphic, odometometric and statistical methods of research. RESULTS: Results: We have found that male molars of the upper jaw are characterized by approximately the same ratio between the vestibular-palatal and mesial-distal diameters of the crown, so the teeth are square-formed. For female large angular teeth of the upper jaw the predominance of vestibular-palatal over mesial-distal diameters of the crown is characteristic, which results in an oval form of the teeth. On having analyzed the forms of the third lower molars, it can be affirmed that for this group of teeth various variational forms of crowns, from three- to five-tuber forms, are characteristic. Vestibular-lingual and mesio-distal sizes also vary according to the type of odontoglific pattern of occlusal crown surface. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: We consider it expedient to take into account the abovementioned characteristics of the masticatory surface of molars of the upper and lower jaws of male and female persons for the creation of qualitative orthopedic structures that would fully restore the masticatory function.

Statistical analysis of the impact of clusters on caries prevalence and intensity in children aged 6-7 with different somatic health statuses.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Determining the influence of cluster factors on the emergence and progression of caries in first- and second-grade children is appropriate in terms of determining the most significant ones. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The dental status of 73 children, residents of Uzhhorod, who study in the first grades of secondary schools, has been assessed, three groups have been singled (the control group 26 healthy children). The indices of essential micro- and macronutrients in the hair, saliva, serum and urine, as well as anxiety level have been determined and the statistical analysis has been performed. RESULTS: Results: Decreased magnesium and calcium content in hair, serum, urine and mouth fluid, iodine is absent. Children of the third group have high levels of anxiety (80%), high rates of caries (14,8) and significantly reduced levels of magnesium relative to normal. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In the patients of the main groups, a direct correlation was found between the presence of somatic pathology and the level of anxiety. In 80% of children of the third group (CSPS≥3) the level of anxiety is high In the main group patients, a direct correlation was found between the presence of somatic pathology, the level of anxiety, and the decrease in magnesium; The intensity of caries only interacts with a high level of anxiety (1.00), that is, in children who are in constant stress, the intensity of caries increases.

The histotopographic features of formation of keloid scars of maxillofacial localization.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Study of the influence of local oxygen deficiency on the features of the formation of keloid scars of the head and neck. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The research material was 17 incisional biopsy specimens of keloid scars, which were the highest age categories of patients from 19 to 63 years. RESULTS: Results: It was revealed that at coloring according to Mallory's technique, sections of fibrinoid swelling of collagen fibers were noted near central homogeneous hyaline masses. The lateral areas of the dermis that adjacent to keloid scar tissue, at coloring by the Hart method, in our modification, were characterized by the separation of the hyalinosis zone from the undamaged dermis by coarse bundles of elastic fibers that are colored in dark purple. The undifferentiated dysplasia of the connective tissue has caused the replacement and obstruction of single vascular components, which has complicated the local oxygen deficiency of keloid-altered tissues. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Thus, plasmaragia and the accumulation of protein deposits in the perivascular space determine the inhibition of local hemodynamics, which explains the decrease in oxygen transport to tissues. Decreased oxygenation and increased permeability of the vascular wall causes local hemocirculatory hypoxia.

Clinical and Laboratory Grounds for the Rational Selection of Filling Material for the Restoration of Deciduous Teeth

Objective: To compare the use of two different restorative materials placed in deciduous teeth. Material and Methods: Clinical observations were formed in the number of 58 patients aged 3 to 12 years; 23 - with deciduous dentition, 35 with mixed dentition. The total number of teeth was 266. The Index of destruction of the occlusal surface of the teeth (IROPZ) and the following materials were used: Ionofil Molar® (VOCO) and Twinky Star® (VOCO). Microphotographs of the sections selected for illustration were performed using a Biorex-3 VM-500T microscope with a digital DCM- 900 attached photo element using for interpretation of the results adapted data research software. The Spearman correlation coefficient [r] was used to examine the relationship between the parameters evaluated. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: The Twinky Star® compomer has been found to be optimal for restoring the teeth with an IROPZ of less than 0.55, pH levels of <6.2 and any values of the degree of acidity of the enamel [r = 0.89]. Ionofil Molar® showed to be a material of choice with high and average degrees of acidity of the enamel [r = 0.65]. Conclusion: Choice and usage of different types of restorative materials depend on the period of bite, the condition of root formation, group membership of the teeth, depth and topography of the carious, the level of the pH of the saliva, the degree of acid resistance enamels and areas of destruction of the occlusive surface of the tooth.