Comprehensive analysis of bone tissue in extraction sockets of third molars after leukocyte and platelet rich fibrin and photobiomodulation applications.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and photobiomodulation (PBM) applications, which have been repeatedly reported to be superior to control groups, in terms of pain, soft tissue and bone healing in tooth extraction sockets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This double-blind, randomized clinical study was completed with 34 patients, who had an indication for extraction of their bilaterally impacted teeth. The right and left teeth of the patients were randomly divided into L-PRF and PBM groups. L-PRF group was treated with the blood product centrifuged for 12 min at 2700 rpm, and the PBM group was treated with a diode laser at different points for 60 s with a wavelength of 940 nm in repeated sessions. Postoperative pain was evaluated using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), soft tissue healing with Landry Index (LI), tissue healing in the distal region of mandibular second molar by probing depth measurement, and bone healing via panoramic x-ray using the Image J program. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found for any variable compared between the groups. CONCLUSION: L-PRF and PBM applications provide similar support in the healing of extraction sockets. Nevertheless, the advantages and disadvantages of both methods determine their usage areas. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: While L-PRF is advantageous in the early healing of extraction sockets, PBM may be preferred in terms of bone trabeculation in the long term.

Radiologic evaluation of associated symptoms and fractal analysis of unilateral dens invaginatus cases.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the age-based prevalence of dens invaginatus cases and to learn the radiologic findings. In addition, fractal analysis of the periapical regions of unilateral dens invaginatus cases and contralateral teeth was performed to determine the effect of possible microleakage on fractal dimension. METHODS: A total of 136 patients (170 teeth) identified in panoramic radiographs taken for diagnostic purposes between January 2018 and December 2023 at our Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology were included in the study. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS V23. The Chi-square test was used for comparing categorical variables between groups. The relationship between the FD values calculated around the apexes of the teeth with unilateral dens invaginatus and the contralateral teeth was analyzed by paired t test. A significance level of p < 0.050 was adopted. RESULTS: The mean age of the cases was calculated as 28.1 (8-63) years. 66 (48.5%) of the cases were female, and 70 (51.1%) were male. The lateral incisor was the most affected tooth among these cases. Bilateral cases were observed in 34 patients. Type 2 was detected in 93 patients, Type 1 in 35 patients, and Type 3 dens invagination in 8 patients. Dens invaginatus cases were observed in 134 maxillary and 2 mandibular teeth. Periapical lesions were seen in 22 of these cases. CONCLUSIONS: Dens invaginatus cases are a congenital anomaly encountered at any age. Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent the loss of pulp vitality due to these invaginations. It should be noted that these invaginations can affect both jaws. However, due to the prevalence of occurrence in the maxillary anterior teeth and asymptomatic nonvitality, particular attention should be paid to evaluating this region.

The current overview of the devices of temporary anchorage placed on the palatal bone: CBCT study.

Temporary anchorage devices (TADs) are frequently applied to different anatomic areas with different protocols to increase skeletal effects and anchorage in orthodontic treatment planning. It has been reported in many literatures that primary stability for orthodontic TADs is significant for long-term survival rate. For this reason, different areas of the palatal region, which has many indications, have been widely used in the studies. In this evaluation where bone quality and thickness are important, density, bone thickness, and fractal dimension (FD) on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) will provide more predictable clinical results. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone thickness, density, and FD in the palatal region of the first, and second premolars, and first molars. There was a remarkable difference (p < 0.05) between the parameters of FD, thickness and density of bone in the identified areas in the palatal region. In terms of thickness and FD, the 1st premolar region had significantly higher values than the other regions (p < 0.05). In terms of density, the values in the right 1st molar and right 1st premolar regions were significantly higher (p < 0.05). The 1st premolar region is an ideal site for placement of palatal TADs. CBCT-assisted preliminary evaluation of FD value, bone density, and thickness may increase clinical success when selecting the location of TADs to be applied to the palatal bone.