The roles of ADAM33, ADAM28, IL-13 and IL-4 in the development of lung injuries in children with lethal non-pandemic acute infectious pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: ADAM28, ADAM33, IL-13, IL-4 and other cytokines (IL-6 and IL-10) seem to play important roles in the persistence and maintenance of acute inflammatory processes that ultimately lead to lung remodeling and pulmonary fibrosis, which may be responsible for the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with non-pandemic acute viral pneumonias in childhood. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the roles of ADAM33, ADAM28, IL4, IL6, IL10 and IL13 in the development of inflammation and alveolar fibrosis due to lethal acute respiratory infections of the lower airway in a pediatric population, especially in those with viral etiology. STUDY DESIGN: For this study, 193 cases were selected, and samples from the cases were processed for viral antigen detection by immunohistochemistry and then separated into two groups: virus-positive (n=68) and virus-negative (n=125). Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the presence of metalloproteinases (ADAM33 and ADAM28) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-6, IL-10) in the alveolar septa. RESULTS: The virus-positive group showed stronger immunolabeling for ADAM33, ADAM28, IL-4 and IL-13 (p<0.0001 for all variables). The staining intensities for ADAM33 and ADAM28 were directly proportional to the intensities for IL-4 and IL-13 (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that these proteins play important roles in pulmonary inflammatory reactions elicited against etiological viral agents. In addition, these mediators may affect the process of lung remodeling and the development of pulmonary fibrosis.

Perfil sociodemográfico e de hábitos de vida da população idosa de um município da região norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil / Sociodemographic profile and lifestyle of the elderly population in a city in northern Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil

OBJETIVO: Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e de hábitos de vida da população idosa de um município da região norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. METODOLOGIA: Pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e transversal. As variáveis analisadas foram: sociodemográficas (idade, sexo, estado civil, escolaridade e renda) e hábitos de vida (etilismo, tabagismo e atividade física). RESULTADOS: Participaram da pesquisa 424 idosos, sendo 68,4% do sexo feminino; a idade variou de 60 a 99 anos, com um número maior de idosos acima de 80 anos (15,6%) do que dos 75 aos 80 anos (14,6%); situação conjugal predominante foi "casado" (53,8%); a maioria com menos de cinco anos de escolaridade (60,1%). A renda familiar ficou entre um e dois salários mínimos, com dois dependentes. As principais despesas foram com alimentação, saúde/medicamentos, sendo que 75,7% fizeram uso de medicamentos diários e 71,3% consumiram de um a três medicamentos ao dia. A maioria não consumia bebidas alcoólicas (85,6%), não tinha o hábito de fumar (85,6%), 48,3% dos idosos não praticavam atividade física regular. CONCLUSÃO: Com base nos resultados deste estudo, constatou-se que o perfil sociodemográfico predominante é de idosos de baixa renda e escolaridade; e com relação aos hábitos de vida, a maioria não ingere bebida alcoólica, não fuma, não pratica atividade física e suas principais despesas são com alimentação e saúde/medicamentos. Neste contexto, entende-se que a gestão pública de saúde tem um grande desafio com o envelhecimento, dentre eles, capacitar técnicos e profissionais, desenvolver políticas inclusivas, valorizando mais a pessoa do idoso, assim como seus cuidadores/família, oferecendo suporte adequado. .

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize the sociodemographic profile of elderly in a city in northern Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. METHODOLOGY: Quantitative, descriptive and transversal research analyzing sociodemographic (age, sex, marital status, educational background and income) and lifestyle (alcoholism, smoking and physical exercise) variables. RESULTS: Four hundred and twenty-four elderly people participated in the study, being 68.4% women aged 60-69 years old. There were more individuals aged 80 than 75-80 years (14.6%); predomination of marital status "married" (53.8%); most had studied for less than five years (60.1%), had family income between one and two minimum wages, and with two dependent people. The main expenses were related to feeding, health/drugs, and 75.7% of them made use of daily drugs, while 71.3% took from one to three drugs daily. Most of them did not consume alcoholic (85.6%), nor smoked (85.6%), and 48.3% of the elderly did not practice regular physical exercises. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, the prevailing sociodemographic profile in the elderly is low income and poorer education; concerning lifestyle, most did not drink alcoholic beverages, smoke, or practice physical activity, and their main expenditure was feeding and health/drugs. In this context, it is understood that public health management has great challenges with ageing, such as enabling technicians and professionals develop inclusive policies that value more the elderly, as well as their caregivers and relatives, by offering adequate support. .

Influence of aging on the quality of the skin of white women: the role of collagen.

PURPOSE: Evaluate the influence of aging on the quality of the skin of white women, analyzing the dermal collagen. METHODS: Pre-auricular flaps were collected for histological and morphometric analysis of 218 white women who underwent spontaneous facial aesthetic plastic surgery. Picrosirius ultrared stain was used for analysis and quantification of collagen in five age groups (<40 years, 40 to 49 years, 50 to 59 years, 60 to 69 years and 70 to 79 years) . RESULTS: Histological analysis showed changes suggestive of skin aging (fragmentation and disorganization of collagen fibers), especially in patients over 60 years. There were no significant changes in the relationship of age with the thickness of the dermis and epidermis, but there was with the percentage of the collagen I, III and total (p<0.001), which decreased with increasing aging. CONCLUSION: There is reduction in collagen with increasing age, and an increase in its degradation, leading to fragmentation of the fibers.

Influence of aging on the quality of the skin of white women: the role of collagen / Influência do envelhecimento na qualidade da pele de mulheres brancas: o papel do colágeno

PURPOSE: Evaluate the influence of aging on the quality of the skin of white women, analyzing the dermal collagen. METHODS: Pre-auricular flaps were collected for histological and morphometric analysis of 218 white women who underwent spontaneous facial aesthetic plastic surgery. Picrosirius ultrared stain was used for analysis and quantification of collagen in five age groups (<40 years, 40 to 49 years, 50 to 59 years, 60 to 69 years and 70 to 79 years) . RESULTS: Histological analysis showed changes suggestive of skin aging (fragmentation and disorganization of collagen fibers), especially in patients over 60 years. There were no significant changes in the relationship of age with the thickness of the dermis and epidermis, but there was with the percentage of the collagen I, III and total (p<0.001), which decreased with increasing aging. CONCLUSION: There is reduction in collagen with increasing age, and an increase in its degradation, leading to fragmentation of the fibers.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a influência do envelhecimento na qualidade da pele de mulheres brancas analisando o colágeno dérmico. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se análise histológica e morfométrica de 218 retalhos pré-auriculares de mulheres brancas que se submeteram espontaneamente à cirurgia estética facial. Foi usada a coloração de Picrosirius Ultrared para analisar e quantificar os colágenos I, III e total em cinco grupos etários (<40 anos, 40 a 49 anos, 50 a 59 anos, 60 a 69 anos e 70 a 79 anos). RESULTADOS: A análise histológica mostrou alterações sugestivas de envelhecimento cutâneo (fragmentação e desorganização das fibras de colágeno), especialmente em pacientes acima de 60 anos. Não houve diferenças significantes entre a idade e a espessura da derme e da epiderme, mas houve diferenças significantes entre as percentagens de colágeno I, III e total (p<0,001) com o aumento da idade. CONCLUSÃO: Existe redução do colágeno com o aumento da idade e um aumento na sua degradação, levando à fragmentação das fibras.