Retrospective analysis of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in patients with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in China.

Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) are the most common cytological abnormality of all smear test. No study has demonstrated the prevalence of cervical cancer or its precursor in Chinese patients with ASCUS. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 or worse (CIN1+) and CIN3 or worse (CIN3+) in patients with ASCUS in China to provide insight into appropriate management for Chinese health care.In a retrospective cross-sectional study, patients who underwent liquid-based thin layer cytology and human papillomavirus (HPV) co-testing at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2014 and January 2017, and had ASCUS results on liquid-based thin layer cytology test and underwent follow-up and colposcopic biopsy were included. Age, HPV DNA test, and pathological outcomes were assessed.One hundred forty-four patients with ASCUS and positive HPV test results were included. In the 3-year follow-up, 23 (16.0%) patients had CIN1, 28 (19.4%) had CIN2, and 17 (11.8%) had CIN3 or carcinoma in situ. The risk of CIN3+ was significantly higher in those older than 60 years (42.8%, P = .005), whereas the CIN1+ prevalence displayed no significant difference between age groups. Both hybrid Capture II (HC II) value and cytopathological description of HPV infection showed no statistically significant correlation with CIN1+ or CIN3+.Patients with HPV-positive ASCUS who were older than 60 years had a significantly higher risk of CIN3+, and clinicians should pay more attention to them. Both HC II value and cytopathological description of HPV infection showed no significant correlation with CIN1+ or CIN3+.

REBACIN® as a noninvasive clinical intervention for high-risk human papillomavirus persistent infection.

The development of highly sensitive HPV-genotyping tests has opened the possibility of treating HPV-infected women before high-grade lesions appear. The lack of efficient intervention for persistent high-risk HPV infection necessitates the need for development of novel therapeutic strategy. Here we demonstrate that REBACIN®, a proprietary antiviral biologics, has shown potent efficacy in the clearance of persistent HPV infections. Two independent parallel clinical studies were investigated, which a total of 199 patients were enrolled and randomly divided into a REBACIN®-test group and a control group without treatment. The viral clearance rates for the REBACIN® groups were 61.5% (24/39) and 62.5% (35/56), respectively, for the two independent parallel studies. In contrast, the nontreatment groups showed self-clearance rates at 20.0% (8/40) and 12.5% (8/64). We further found that REBACIN® was able to significantly repress the expression of HPV E6 and E7 oncogenes in TC-1 and Hela cells. The two viral genes are well known for the development of high-grade premalignancy lesion and cervical cancer. In a mouse model, REBACIN® was indicated to notably suppress E6/E7-induced tumor growth, suggesting E6 and E7 oncogenes as a potential target of REBACIN®. Taken together, our studies shed light into the development of a novel noninvasive therapeutic intervention for clearance of persistent HPV infection with significant efficacy.

[Monitoring of the therapeutic response of interferon to chronic myeloid leukemia by duel-color fluorescence in situ hybridization].

To investigate the significance of duel-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (D-FISH) in monitoring the response to interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) therapy in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the D-FISH method was employed to detect the proportion of the interphase nuclei cells with bcr/abl fusion gene in the bone marrow of patients with CML before and after IFN-alpha therapy, and the results were compared with those of bcr/abl fusion mRNA by RT-PCR and Philadephia chromosome (Ph) by conventional cytogenetic analysis. The results showed that the mean detectable rate of bcr/abl fusion gene before and after IFN-alpha therapy was 96.4% and 58.6% respectively, in 22 patients who were bcr/abl-positive before IFN-alpha therapy by D-FISH method, was 94.0% and 70.1% respectively, in 2 patients of Ph-negative before treatment. Major, minor and no responses were seen respectively in 4, 4 and 14 cases from 22 patients by D-FISH method. The results also showed a good correlation with the analysis of RT-PCR and conventional cytogenetics. In conclusion, D-FISH method could directly detect the bcr/abl fusion gene of the interphase cells in bone marrow of patients with CML. It can overcome the defect of conventional cytogenetic methods which analyze only the cells in metaphase and the drawback of RT-PCR unable to quantify the bcr/abl fusion gene. D-FISH provides a more convenient and reliable method for evaluating the degree of clone remission to patients with CML after IFN-alpha therapy.