DETECTION OF BREAST CANCERS REPRESENTED AS ARCHITECTURAL DISTORTION: A COMPARISON OF FULL-FIELD DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY AND DIGITAL BREAST TOMOSYNTHESIS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The aim of our study was to determine if digital breast tomosynthesis improves breast cancer detection associated with architectural distortion in comparison with full-field digital mammography in the absence of appropriate history of trauma or surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The overall rate of breast cancer involvement for the 34 patients with architectural distortion was 15 cases (44,1%) (invasive breast cancers, n=12 (36,4%); ductal cancer in situ, n= 3 (8,8%)) other findings associated with architectural distortion were high-risk lesions and benign findings (radial scar, n=5 (14,7%); sclerosing adenosis, n=9 (26,5%); typical lobular hyperplasia, n=3 (8,8%); typical ductal hyperplasia, n=2 cases (5,9%)). RESULTS: Results: Overall of 17/34 (50.0%) architectural distortions were identified at digital breast tomosynthesis that were missed at full-field digital mammography what was statistically significant difference ([95% CI, 2.56-7.45]; p=0.00001). Analysis of the results showed that sensitivity of full-field digital mammography for digital breast tomosynthesis detected breast cancers associated with architectural distortion was 53.3% [95% CI, 26.59% to 78.73%] and specificity was 52.63% [95% CI, 28.86% to 75.55%]. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Our study suggests that digital breast tomosynthesis detects more breast cancers represented as architectural distortion which are occult on full-field digital mammography. Presence of microcalcifications within architectural distortion, in the absence of appropriate history of trauma or surgery, has a high likelihood of malignancy and obligatorily requires biopsy.

DIGITAL BREAST TOMOSYNTHESIS AND FULL-FIELD DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY IN BREAST CANCER DETECTION ASSOCIATED WITH FOUR ASYMMETRY TYPES.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Comparing sensitivity and specificity of digital breast tomosynthesis and full-field digital mammography in breast cancer detection associated with four different types of asymmetries according to BI-RADS Atlas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Study included 201 patients with four types of asymmetries according BI-RADS atlas (asymmetry - 81 (40,3%), focal asymmetry - 82 (40,8%), global asymmetry - 36 (17,9%) and developing asymmetry - 2 (1,0%)) who underwent full-field digital mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis and hand-held full breast ultrasound from January 2017 to June 2018. The general rate of breast cancer for the 201 patients with asymmetries was 8 cases (4,0%) (IBC, n=6 (3,0%); DCIS, n=2 (1,0%) other findings associated with asymmetries were non-malignant, n=10 (5,0%) (sclerosing adenosis, n=5 (2,5%); fibroadenomatosis, n=3 (1,5%); simple cyst, n=1 (0,5%); radial scar associated with papilloma, typical ductal hyperplasia and sclerosing adenosis, n=1 (0,5%). RESULTS: Results: Analysis of the results showed that sensitivity of digital breast tomosynthesis was 75.0% [95% CI, 34.91% to 96.81%] and specificity was 94.8% [95% CI, 90.68% to 97.49%] which was superior to full-field digital mammography sensitivity 50.0% [95% CI, 15.70% to 84.30%] and specificity 91.19% [95% CI, 86.27% to 94.78%] for breast cancer detection associated with different types of asymmetries. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Using of digital breast tomosynthesis in assessment of breast asymmetries can improve sensitivity and specificity in breast cancer detection and reduce number of unnecessary biopsies and short-interval follow-up examinations.

INTERDISCIPLINARY INTERACTION IN MAINTAINING THE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH IN WOMEN WITH UTERINE LEYOMYOMA.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Optimizing the interdisciplinary approaches in the diagnosis and monitoring the dynamics of uterine leiomyoma treatment by high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: In the course of scientific research we conducted a survey 72 women of reproductive age were diagnosed with leiomyoma. All patients underwent bimanual gynecological examination, ultrasound and MRI to determine the condition of the pelvic organs, assess the structure, location, number of myomas, as well as assess the possible acoustic pathway of high-intensity focused ultrasound. During monitoring, dynamic contrasting was used to determine the zone of node necrosis. Methods of control in the postoperative period: ultrasound, MRI of the pelvic organs using paramagnetic, were performed after 1, 3, 6 months. Ultrasound ablation of uterine fibroids was performed using the JC extracorporeal treatment system (Chongqing HAIFU (HIFU) Technology Co. Ltd., China) with a built-in ultrasound system (Italy). Controlling the direct result was based on gray scale changes during real-time ultrasound examination on the monitor of the JC device. Since HIFU is a non-invasive method of treatment, in the future, the diagnosis was limited to using the ultrasound and MRI paramagnetic. Indicators such as: uterine body size were considered as indicators that characterize the effectiveness of treatment; specific volume of myoma; regression of uterine body size; regression of the myoma; regression of the node, calculated on its specific volume, because one patient could have several nodes. RESULTS: Results: Analyzing the obtained results, it should be noted that for a month the average volume of leiomatous hives that were exposed to HIFU, almost did not change and was 122 cm³, while three months after treatment it was - 98 cm. The nodes underwent a significant reduction 6 months after the treatment, their volume averaged 61 cm³. The dynamics analysis results of uterine body volume reduction, which is no less important expected result, showed the following: in the first month after the intervention the uterine volume almost did not change and, compared to the average size before treatment 342cm³, was 300cm³. In three months after treatment, the body volume of the uterus decreased to 264 cm³, and in six months - to 200 cm³. When assessing the node 6 months after the procedure, it was found that during this period there was a significant reduction in the volume of leiomyoma, which was positively correlated with the clinical manifestations of the disease. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: An interdisciplinary approach with the widespread introduction of modern organ-preserving techniques is an important direction in maintaining the reproductive health of women with uterine leiomyoma. Positive dynamics of leiomatous node volume regression depends on its location, volume and MR type. The terms 1 and 3 months after ultrasound ablation are insufficient for objective radiological evaluation of the treatment outcome, but are important for the choice of further tactics in observing and treating the uterine leiomyoma.