[Serum lipoproteins in elderly patients with cerebrovascular pathology]. / Lipoproteïny syrovatky krovi osib pokhyloho viku z patolohiieiu sudyn holovnoho mozku.

Contents of 7 serum lipoprotein (LP) fractions both native and after their incubation under 37 degrees C during 24 h in the patients with atherosclerosis and hypertension discirculatory encephalopathy were investigated by a gradient gel-electrophoresis method. Two groups of patients in the age of 30-59 in the first group and 61-73 in the second one were examined. It was found that for the age interval examined in native serum of the patients with atherosclerosis and hypertension similar changes of LP contents were observed. These changes were expressed a increasing apoA- and decreasing apoB-containing LP fractions as compared with the control. After the temperature incubation of healthy persons serum the amount of LDL increases and amount of HDL3 declines. The latter is a result of LP lypolysis and etherification normal processes. On the base of the data obtained we may suppose that in the patients with hypertension these processes also have some aged peculiarities, although less intensive as compared with the healthy persons. In contrast to the latter after the temperature incubation of serum (in vitro) in the patients with atherosclerosis there were no any statistically significant changes of any LP fractions contents that may evidence about depression of LP transformation in the isolated serum in such patients.

[Melatonin excretion in patients with depression under the action of light of increased intensity]. / Ekskretsiia melatonina u bol'nykh depressiei pri deistvii sveta povyshennoi intensivnosti.

The effects of 1 and 10 bright light exposures (2600-8000 lux) on melatonin excretion in patients with melancholic and anxious depressions were examined. Before treatment the increased basic levels of melatonin excretion were observed in patients with anxious depression. Melatonin excretion had been gradually normalized after 1 and 10 sessions of light therapy. The basic melatonin excretion in melancholic depressed patients was low and hadn't been changed after light therapy. Long term effects of light therapy depend upon the initial levels of melatonin excretion: low pretreatment levels increased and high pretreatment levels decreased after the therapy. The authors proposed that bright light exposures stimulated the restoration of adaptive function of pineal gland in depressed patients.

[The effect of an increased intensity of light on changes in the serotonin and melatonin content in patients with depression]. / Vliianie sveta povyshennoi intensivnosti na izmenenie soderzhaniia serotonina i melatonina u bol'nykh s depressiei.

Study into the effect of light of increased intensity shows that in patients with anxious depression a high level of melatonin excretion declines to normal, its low level in melancholic depression remaining unchanged. Blood concentrations of serotonin in depressive patients are higher as compared with the healthy persons and do not change with increasing in the brightness of the illumination except for a decrease in a portion of patients showing maximum levels of serotonin and melanin.

[Redistribution of rabbit blood serum lipoproteins, caused by a one-time administration of cholesterol]. / Pereraspredelenie lipoproteinov syvorotki krovi krolikov, vyzvannoe odnokratnym vvedeniem kholesterina.

The redistribution of rabbit blood serum lipoproteins following 24-hr incubation of the sera at 37 degrees C and after a single injection of cholesterol (0.2 g/kg) was studied. In both cases there was an increase in the intermediate density (IDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) and a sharp decrease in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). The proportion of the total fraction of high density lipoproteins (HDL) decreased also. The redistribution of the HDL subpopulations against the background of the HDL decline after a single cholesterol dose seems to be due to a relative increase in HDL3 and a decrease in HDL2. The HDL transformation during heat incubation of control sera was accompanied by HDL3 conversion into HDL2. These data suggest that a single cholesterol dose and heat incubation of blood sera stimulate the direct and reverse cholesterol transport. In isolated sera these processes subside gradually. The inhibition mechanism entails the depletion of the lipoprotein system for chylomicrons and VLDL and exhaustion of HDL2. The restoration of the functional potential of the blood lipid-transporting system needs the exchange between lipoproteins and tissues.

[Periodicity of changes in the concentration of cholesterol and blood serum proteins in dynamics of hypercholesterolemia]. / Periodichnost' izmeneniia kontsentratsii kholesterina i belkov syvorotki krovi v dinamike giperkholesterinemii.

During 30-week hypercholesterolemia in rabbits and guinea pigs the differences in cholesterol dynamics manifested themselves in quantitative variations of blood serum proteins. Five weeks after the beginning of the experiment a sharp increase of cholesterol level corresponded to the equally sharp decrease of the quantity of blood serum total and cation proteins. The variation of protein and cholesterol concentrations in guinea pigs during 17 weeks is similar to the development of early stages of cholesterolemia (4 weeks) in rabbits. It can be supposed that there is a connection between metabolic systems involved in the transformation of blood serum cholesterol and blood serum.

[Change in concentration of cholesterol and lipoprotein fractions of rabbit blood serum in the dynamics of hypercholesterolemia]. / Osoblyvosty zmin kontsentratsiï kholesterynu ta fraktsii lipoproteïniv syrovatky krovy kroliv u dynamitsi hiperkholesterynemiï.

Three quantitatively different periods have been detected as a result of 21-week monitoring of blood serum total cholesterol at hypercholesterolemia in rabbits. The first of them (4th week) ends by a relative decrease of cholesterol concentration: the second one (4th-13th weeks) is characterized by its sharp increase; in the third period (13th-21st weeks) the sterol accumulation slows down. Concentration variations of all main lipoprotein fractions are observed in each of the above periods. Their specific features enable us to suppose that in the first period the cholesterol transport system is activated which, probably, reflects the development of adaptation mechanisms of hypocholesterolemia. The second period can be considered as a transition stage from norm to pathology and is most likely, connected with atherogenesis induction. In the third period, in spite of relative stabilization of total cholesterol level clear signs of hyperbeta and hypoalpha dyslipoproteinemias are observed.

[Dynamics of the lipoprotein distribution in early hypercholesterolemia characterizes the activation of cholesterol transport]. / Dinamika raspredeleniia lipoproteinov pri rannei giperkholesterinemii kharakterizuet aktivirovanie transport kholesterina.

Using gradient gel electrophoresis, the levels of major classes of rabbit blood sera lipoproteins were studied over a period of 28 days. Hypercholesterolemia persisted up to the 4th day with a subsequent decrease. This was paralleled with an increase in the levels of triglyceride-rich and apoB-containing particles. The decrease of the electrophoretic mobility of low density lipoproteins correlated with an increased content of the intermediate fraction. On the 28th day after the beginning of experiment the concentration of total high density lipoproteins showed an increase. The subfractional redistribution of HDL3 and HDL2 subclasses pointed to the stimulation of the accepting process and the overall reverse cholesterol transport system. A comparison of experimental results with literary data allowed to conclude that the relative decrease of the serum cholesterol level typical of hypercholesterolemia of one month duration is due to the activation of specific and nonspecific preventive mechanisms.

[Effect of ethanol on protein synthesis in the tissues of various organs of guinea pigs]. / Vliianie étanola na sintez belkov v tkaniakh razlichnykh organov morskikh svinok.

Long-term administration (for three months) of ethanol has been studied for its effect on the composition and synthesis of electrophoretic fractions of soluble proteins of the liver, brain, heart, kidneys and adrenals tissues in the guinea pigs. The obtained data permit supposing that the quantitative redistribution of the fractions under study as influenced by ethanol is due to their aggregation. Most of the studied tissues demonstrate a decrease in specific radioactivity of total proteins and 5 of 8-9 recorded electrophoretic fractions. Only one fraction in the heart and brain has been characterized by an increase of the protein synthesis level. The authors' results and data from literature make it possible to conclude that while analyzing pathogenesis of the chronic intoxication by ethanol and alcoholism the quantitative redistribution of soluble proteins and suppression of their synthesis in various tissues should be taken into account.

[Comparison of the content of cholesterol, lipoproteins and serum proteins in rats, guinea pigs and rats for a atherosclerosis model]. / Porivniannia vmistu kholesterynu, lipoproteïniv i bilkiv syrovatki krovi kroliv, mors'kikh svynok i shchuriv pri modeliuvanni ateroskerozu.

The hypercholesteremia parameters under similar experimental conditions against a background of the close initial level of cholesterol were considerably more expressed in rabbits than in guinea pigs. Rabbits showed clear symptoms of experimental atherosclerosis which were absent in guinea pigs. A comparative study of quantitative and composition variations in total proteins of the serum and fraction obtained by acid extraction indicated that the differences in dynamics and degree of cholesterinosis were expressed by features of the serum protein spectrum variation in the investigated kinds of animals. Especially close relation has been observed for the fraction components of acid-extracted proteins. The obtained results permit supposing that some kinds of animals have mechanisms connected with the function of the serum alkaline proteins preventing the development of hypercholesteremia and experimental atherosclerosis.

[Incorporation of amino acids into liver and serum proteins during prolonged administration to animals of ethanol and cholesterol]. / Vkliuchenie aminokislot v belki pecheni i syvorotki krovi pri dlitel'nom vvedenii zhivotnym étanola i kholesterina.

The synthesis of soluble liver proteins and amino acid incorporation into blood serum proteins were studied in guinea pigs which were daily administered ethanol and cholesterol during 3 months. 9 fractions obtained by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel were analyzed. It has been found that ethanol and cholesterol in the liver suppress the synthesis of 4 out of 9 recorded protein fractions. In the serum the ethanol effect against a background of the cholesterol administration is characterized by a sharp decrease of specific radioactivity of albumins while the quantity of the protein fraction is unchanged. These results together with the data available in literature on the ethanol suppression of proteolysis suppose that the joint effect of ethanol and cholesterol is accompanied by a decrease in the blood serum albumin decomposition.

[Serum proteins in ethanol intoxication and hypercholesteremia]. / Belki syvorotki krovi pri intoksikatsii étanolom i kholesterinoze.

Guinea pigs after 30, 60 and 90 days of cholesterol, ethanol and cholesterol + ethanol action have been studied for content of cholesterol, lipoproteins of certain classes, quantitative and qualitative composition of blood serum proteins. It has been found that cholesterol does not induce expressed hypercholesterinemia and does not hinder cholesterol accumulation in the blood serum and liver of animals. The specific activity of [3H] cholesterol in the liver under cholesterinosis and its combination with ethanol intoxication for the whole period of experiments is lower than in the control, which testifies to retardation of its renewal. This may stimulate development of pathological hypercholesterinemia-induced states. After 3-month ethanol intoxication the amount of alkaline serum proteins has grown and ethanol retains its action against a background of hypercholesterinemia. The found effect is supposed to reflect one of the compensatory mechanisms for hypercholesterinemia and atherogenesis prevention.

[Changes in the serum protein composition in experimental hypercholesterolemia]. / Izmenenie belkovogo sostava syvorotki krovi pri éksperimental'noi giperkholesterinemii.

Cholesterol accumulation, quantitative changes and composition of lipoproteins, total proteins of blood serum and protein fractions obtained by acid extraction are studied in hypercholesterinemia dynamics in rabbits. It is found that the initial period of cholesterinosis in blood serum is marked by an increased content of total proteins and proteins extracted by acid followed, however, by substantial lowering of the level of these compounds. The proteins obtained by acid extraction are characterized by more explicit changes. This permits assuming their important role in the pathogenesis of hypercholesterinemia. The obtained results make it possible to state that the investigated proteins possess the alkaline properties. The data available in literature on the ability of alkaline polypeptides to bind cholesterol permit assuming that the investigated proteins have the same properties and, hence, can participate in the molecular mechanisms of cholesterol transport as well as in the processes of synthesis and transformations of separate classes of lipoproteins.

[Serum protein fractions in patients with dyscirculatory encephalopathy in atherosclerosis and hypertension]. / Belkovye fraktsii syvorotki krovi u bol'nykh s distsirkuliatornoi éntsefalopatiei pri ateroskleroze i gipertonicheskoi bolezni.

Using a novel method of electrophoresis, patients with atherosclerotic and hypertonic dyscirculatory encephalopathy were examined for protein fractions of their blood serum. Various kinds of dysproteinemia and dyslipoproteinemia were recorded, with their manifestations being particularly pronounced in cerebral atherosclerosis with the syndrome of arterial hypertension. Clinical improvement following the therapy was usually accompanied by the normalization of the protein spectrum of blood serum. The results obtained may be utilized in the differential diagnosis and the evaluation of the therapy efficacy.

[Use of disc electrophoresis in a linear gradient of polyacrylamide gel concentrations for simultaneous fractionation of total serum proteins, haptoglobins and lipoproteins]. / Primenenie disk-elektroforeza v lineinom gradiente kontsentratsii poliakrilamidnogo gelia dlia odnovremennogo fraktsionirovaniia summarnykh belkov syvorotki krovi, gaptoglobinov i lipoproteidov.

Conditions are developed for fractionation of total proteins of blood serum and lipoproteids within a linear gradient of the polyacrylamide gel concentration. Optimal separation of the proteins was observed at initial concentrations of acrylamide 3 and 10%: lipoproteids--2 and 15%. The composition of haptoglobins should be taken into consideration when analyzing the spectrum of human serum proteins. For this purpose samples fractionated simultaneously in one gel plate should be subjected to differential staining with amide black and benzidine. It is established that the efficiency of alpha-lipoproteids subfractions separation is reached by electrophoresis of this class lipoproteids after polyethylene glycol precipitation. The method described broadens essentially potentialities of electrophoretic fractionation of blood serum proteins due to an increase in the resolving power and sensitivity.