[Complications in the use of blood transfusions--alloimmunization in polytransfused patients]. / Komplikacija primanja transfuzija krvi--aloimunizacija politransfundovanih bolesnika.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this paper was to examine the frequency of red blood cell (RBC) alloantibodies in polytransfused hematologic patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood samples of 2669 polytransfused hematologic patients were examined on clinical significant alloantibodies using antibody screening and identification according to Standards of AABB Technical Manual (1). Available medical charts were reviewed for sex, age and medical history and total number of given transfusions. RESULTS: During a three year period blood samples of 2669 polytransfused hematologic patients were examined for RBC alloantibodies. Alloantibodies were detected in 48 cases with the incidence of 1.79%. 36 patients (1.35%) developed single antibody while in 12 patients (0.45%) multiple antibodies were detected. Antibodies were registered more frequently in females than in males (37:17). In patients with single antibody next specificity was detected: anti-D (38.89%), anti-K (22.22%), antibodies to antigens MNSs system (22.22%), while anti-Le, anti-Fy and anti-P specificity was detected in 13.89%. Patients with multiple antibodies had specificity to Rhesus, Kell, Duffy, MNSs, Lewis and P blood group systems. All patients received more than 10 RBC transfusions. CONCLUSION: The incidence of alloimmunization was 1.79%. Sensibilization occurred more frequently in females than in males. Usually, the discovered alloantibodies were clinically significant and made problems in pretransfusion testings and required special efforts in blood selection for transfusion. For patients with the risk of frequent transfusions we suggest to include blood transfusion charts with complete phenotyping against antigens in Rhesus, Kell, Kidd and MNSs blood group systems and the data of all received transfusions.

[Serum ionic calcium in the early neonatal period in premature and small-for-gestational-age infants]. / Serumski jonski kalcijum u ranom neonatalnom periodu nedonoscadi i zaostale u rastu donesene novorodencadi.

We determined the value of serum ionic calcium in premature infants of different gestational age and infants small for gestational age, on the first and the 3rd day after the birth. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of hypocalcemia and to confirm the hypothesis that the food for newborns should be calcium supplemented which would prevent poor postnatal bone mineralization. The subjects were divided into two groups: premature infants from 28 to 32 and from 32 to 36 gestational weeks. The third group consisted of intrauterine retarded newborns. The highest ionic calcium level was found in the intrauterine retarded newborns (1.30 on the first and 1.025 on the third day). High percentage (30%) of hypocalcemia was detected in premature infants from 28 to 32 gestational weeks. The high percentage of hypocalcemia in premature infants of smaller gestational age points to the need for calcium supplemented food which would prevent poor postnatal bone mineralization.

[Correlation between certain parameters in pregnancy and body weight and the vitality of the neonate]. / Korelacija nekih parametara kod trudnica i tjelesne mase i vitalnosti novorodencadi.

An analysis of 2280 puerperas who delivered newborns with the birth weight of 2500 g up to over 4000 g in the first half of 1989 at the Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology in Sarajevo had been conducted. Age, parity, body weight increase during pregnancy, and their socio-economic status was investigated. All newborns were divided into several groups according to birth weight: 2500-3000 g, 3000-3500 g, 3500-4000 g and over 4000 g. Puerperas with hypertension before pregnancy, EPH gestosis, anaemia and pyelonephritis were excluded. It has been found that newborns with birth weight between 3000-3500 g, the most desirable weight, were delivered by mothers who had a body weight increase of about 12.6 kg during pregnancy. Their average age was 25 years among primiparas, and 27 among multiparas; they were high-school graduates. American authors consider a weight increase of 8 kg during pregnancy as the most ideal for a good outcome. Vitality of newborns measured by the Apgar score was satisfying, with minor deviations in the group with birth weight over 4000 g.