RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the impact of demographic variables on mandibular condyle morphology, a critical factor in orthodontic treatment and maxillofacial surgery. The investigation focuses on the relationship between gender, age, and skeletal class with the morphological dimensions of the condyle, utilizing panoramic radiography as a diagnostic tool. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 150 panoramic radiographs from individuals stratified into six groups according to gender and skeletal class. Skeletal classes were determined using Steiner and McNamara cephalometry. The Kodak Carestream software (Rochester, NY: Carestream Health) was employed to measure condylar height, width, and morphology. Statistical evaluations included ANOVA, correlation assessments, and multivariate binary logistic regression to discern the differences and associations among the variables studied. RESULTS: The findings revealed notable differences in condylar dimensions between genders across different skeletal classes, with males typically presenting larger condylar dimensions than females. The data also showed a moderate positive correlation between condyle height and width. Round-shaped condyles were the most common form found, with significant gender differences observed in certain skeletal classes. Additionally, logistic regression analysis identified significant associations between gender, age, and condylar width and shape. CONCLUSIONS: The study concludes that demographic factors, such as gender and age, significantly affect mandibular condyle morphology. These factors should be carefully considered in clinical evaluations using panoramic radiography to enhance the precision of diagnoses and the effectiveness of subsequent orthodontic and maxillofacial treatments. The results provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals in regions where more advanced imaging techniques may not be readily available.
RESUMO
RESUMEN: La articulación temporomandibular es una estructura doble y simétrica, con una compleja gama de movimientos. La morfología condilar puede variar dependiendo al sexo, edad, entre otros factores. Se analizaron 100 tomografías computarizadas de haz cónico (50 hombres y 50 mujeres) divididos en 4 grupos. Se identificó diferencias significativas entre las formas aplanadas vs ovaladas del cóndilo y a su vez se encontró diferencia entre los lados derechos vs izquierdo entre hombres y mujeres. La tomografía computada de haz cónico es un método económico y accesible mediante la exposición a bajas dosis de radiación se obtienen imágenes de alta resolución de los tejidos duros de la ATM. El análisis de la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico tiene una precisión aceptable para el diagnóstico de anomalías óseas de la ATM, componentes articulares, integridad del hueso cortical y anomalías óseas subcorticales.
SUMMARY: The temporomandibular joint is a double and symmetrical structure, whit a complex range of movements. Condylar morphology can vary depending on sex, age, among other factors. 100 cone beam computed tomography scans (50 men and 50 women) divided into 4 groups were analyzed. Significant differences were identified between the flattened vs oval forms on the condyle and, in turn a difference was found between the right vs left sides between men and women. Cone beam computed tomography analysis has acceptable accuracy for the diagnosis of TMJ bone abnormalities, articular components, cortical bone integrity and subcortical bone abnormalities.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Articulação Temporomandibular/diagnóstico por imagem , Caracteres Sexuais , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Côndilo Mandibular/diagnóstico por imagem , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
La morfología y dimensiones de ciertas estructuras anatómicas varían de población a población, así como de individuo a individuo; el canal nasopalatino (CNP) es una de estas estructuras, este se encuentra ubicado en la línea media del paladar y aloja el nervio nasopalatino y la rama terminal de la arteria nasopalatina. El propósito de este estudio es determinar la morfología y dimensiones promedio del CNP en la población mexicana mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (CBCT). Se analizaron 120 CBCT de manera coronal, transversal y sagital; y se clasificaron siguiendo los parámetros de Bornstein. Para el análisis estadístico se determinó la normalidad de las variables empleando la prueba de Shapiro Wilk y la significancia estadística mediante la prueba de UMann Whitney. Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticas significativas en las variables analizadas del canal nasopalatino entre hombres y mujeres. De acuerdo con los datos obtenidos se puede establecer que la morfología del CNP es muy variable y se recomienda realizar un estudio morfológico y dimensional antes de cualquier intervención quirúrgica relacionada con esta zona.
Certain human structures present different dimensions and morphologies in each population and individual, the nasopalatine canal being one of these. It is located in the midline of the palate, and it contains the nasopalatine nerve and the terminal branch of the nasopalatine artery. The purpose of this study was to analyze and record measurements of the nasopalatine duct in Mexican population by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). A total of 120 CBCT coronal, transversal and sagittal views were analyzed. The data were classified according to Bornstein´s parameters. The normality of the variables was determined with the Shapiro Wilk test and the statistical significance was determinate by U-Mann Whitney test. A statistically significant difference was found in the evaluated variables of the nasopalatal canal between men and women. The data obtained determined that the morphology of the nasopalatine canal is variable and a morphological and dimensional analysis before any surgical intervention related with the area is recommended.