RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study is to investigate how well patients remember the radiologist's name after a radiological examination, and whether giving the patient a business card improves the patient's perception of the radiologist's professionalism and esteem. METHODS: In this prospective and randomized two-centre study, a total of 141 patients with BI-RADS 1 and 2 scores were included. After screening examination comprising mammography and ultrasound by a radiologist, 71 patients received a business card (group 1), while 70 received no business card (group 2). Following the examination, patients were questioned about their experiences. RESULTS: The patients in group 1 could remember the name of the radiologist in 85% of cases. The patients in group 2, in contrast, could only remember the name in 7% of cases (p < 0.001). 90% of the patients in group 1 believed it was very important that they are able to contact the radiologist at a later time, whereas only 76% of patients in group 2 felt that this was a very important service (p < 0.025). A total of 87% of the patients in group 1 indicated that they would contact the radiologist if they had any questions whereas 73% of the patients in group 2 would like to contact the radiologist but were not able to do so, because they could not remember the name (p < 0.001). All questions were analysed with a Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) test that took study centre as stratification into account. In some cases, two categories were collapsed to avoid zero cell counts. CONCLUSIONS: Using business cards significantly increased the recall of the radiologist's name and could be an important tool in improving the relationships between patients and radiologists and enhancing service professionalism. TRIAL REGISTRATION: We have a general approval from our ethics committee. The patients have given their consent to this study.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Mamografia , Profissionalismo , Radiologistas , Ultrassonografia Mamária , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The forehead is one of the most frequent locations for neuromodulator and soft tissue filler applications; however, the underlying anatomy is still poorly understood. Thus far, the presence of deep forehead compartments has not been confirmed. METHODS: Twenty Caucasian cephalic specimens, 15 fresh frozen (six female and nine male) and five with formalin-phenol embalmment (three female and two male) were investigated using contrast-enhanced computed tomographic scans, dye injections, and anatomical dissections. RESULTS: Three superficial (one central and two lateral) and three deep (one central and two lateral) forehead compartments were identified. The superficial fat compartments were found within the subcutaneous fat tissue (layer 2) and measured 2.1 × 4.6 mm for the superficial central forehead compartments and the right superficial lateral forehead compartments and 2.6 × 3.2 cm for the left superficial lateral forehead compartments, with a mean volume of 2.5, 3.1, and 3.4 cc, respectively. The deep fat compartments were identified deep to the frontalis muscle but superficial to the periosteum with an extent of 6.4 × 5.9 cm for the deep central forehead compartments, 2.6 × 5.8 cm for the right deep lateral forehead compartments, and 2.7 × 5.8 cm for the left deep lateral forehead compartments, and a mean volume of 9.1, 1.6, and 1.4 cc, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results presented in this study increase the understanding of the forehead anatomy. Understanding the presence of the superficial and the deep forehead compartments allows one to change the signs of frontal aging. The deep forehead compartments are in general avascular planes and permit blunt dissection for access to the supraorbital region.