[Contemporary approach to evaluation of sensory disorders in polyneuropathy due to vibration].

Recently, the studies search possibilities to visualize and objectify sensory disorders in polyneuropathy caused by vibration. Special attention is paid on studies of injuried structures responsible for temperature and pain sensitivity. Examination covered 92 patients with vibration disease, aged 34 to 73 years. Methods used are: pallesthesiometry, quantitative sensory tests, questionnaires and s 'cales of pain (visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, Pain-Detect, MPQ DN-, HADS). Correlation was found between.temperature, pain thresholds and VAS and pallesthesiometry parameters. The obtained results analysis indicates formation distal polyneuropathy syndrome of upper limbs with concomitant pain during vibration disease.

[Forecasting decrease in performance and health disorders under exposure to work intensity factors in accordance with work conditions class].

Results of complex physiologic and ergonomic, clinical and functional studies helped to justify approaches to quantitative evaluation and assessment of posssible decrease in performance and health disorders in workers in accordance with work conditions class of mental work. Linear regression dependence was established between work intensity class and performance decrease. The linear regression equation obtained enables to calculate a percentage of performance decrease in various work intensity classes. Intensive direct correlation was revealed between work intensity value and a percentage of individuals with diagnosed occupationally induced diseases.

[Labor physiology role in workers of different type labor activity workability and health. Progress and prospects].

There are presented the data of workers overstrain and fatigue conditions mechanisms based on physiological, psychological and ergonomic aspects of work processes in different types of activities (mental, visual-strained, physical). 15-year historical analysis, current state and prospects of labor physiology methods development are shown. Complex physiological and ergonomic investigations have allowed developing the measures of work ability raise and diseases prevention for workers various professions. Obtained results provided the basis of development of regulatory documents in area of human organism strain physiological norms, consequences of psycho-emotional stress and overstrain prevention taking into account working conditions class.

[Contemporary aspects of maintenance and promotion of health of the workers employed at the aluminum production enterprises].

The exposure of the combined occupational hazards on the workers of aluminum plants results in the development of the occupational chronic diseases of bronchopulmonary and bone systems and oncopathology. Pathogenetic mechanisms of the toxic exposure of fluorides on the body as well as molecular and cellular structures are presented.

[Evaluating quality of medical examinations of oil and gas industry workers in medical institutions].

The findings of independent reviews of the quality of periodic medical checkups of employees of oil and gas producing and refining facilities in medical institutions of various forms of ownership have been delivered. Actions to improve the quality of the periodic medical checkups have been proposed.

[Pathomorphosis of contemporary forms of occupational diseases].

Studies on pathogenetic mechanisms of development, formation and course of occupational diseases revealed pathomorphosis of major specification forms (diseases of bronchopulmonary system, skin, nervous system, locomotory apparatus). Developing pathomorphosis of occupational and occupationally mediated diseases is caused by changed work conditions, lower acting concentrations and levels of occupational factors, influence of harmful ecologic factors, metabolic features, immune state, individual sensitivity to occupational and environmental factors.

[Physiologic and ergonomic aspects of social and hygienic monitoring of workers' performance and health].

The article tackles necessity of physiologic and ergonomic research in system of social and hygienic monitoring of workers' performance and health. A presented scheme covers physiologic and ergonimic aspects: monitoring of work process factors; monitoring of workers' performance and functional state. The authors formulated theoretic orientation of the problem and demonstrated scientific and practical importance of physiologic and ergonomic monitoring.

[The probability of impaired health in workers exposed to occupational hazards]. / Veroiatnost' narusheniia zdorov'ia rabotaiushchikh on vozdeistviia neblagopriiatnykh faktorov trudovogo protsessa.

Complex descriptive, physiologic and hygienic studies covered various occupational groups of physical and mental work and revealed that health disorders probability depends on intensity of occupational factors. Increase in the intensity results in higher physiologic expenditure and greater incidence of occupational diseases. Symptoms of disorders appeared to depend on specificity of occupational factors.

[Occupational diseases of sensorimotor system in builders]. / Professional'nye zabolevaniia sensomotornoi sistemy u stroitelei.

The study covered influence of occupational factors on health state in 2 groups of workers engaged into facing (59 plasterers and 74 house painters) and matched in age, sex and length of service. Work of plasterers and house painters appeared to encounter risk of occupational sensomotor system disorders specified not only by type and hardness, but also prevalent direction of local muscular load.

[Prophylaxis of muscular stress in physical labor]. / Profilaktika myshechnogo perenapriazheniia pri fizicheskoi rabote.

The authors demonstrated that work of female molders, acquisitors and stacking packers is characterized by physical load, great number of cliched manual movements, intensive inclinations of corpse and constrained working posture. Prolonged exposure to unfavorable occupational factors results in neuromuscular and cardiovascular stress that induces pathologic changes with increasing length of service. Complex of prophylactic measures suggested by the authors proves effective as releases working strain and delays fatigue during the working shift.

[Occupational factors and reproductive disorders]. / Faktory proizvodstvennoi sredy i patologiia reproduktsii.

The article covers literary data and observations concerning influence of occupational factors and working environment on workers' reproductive health. The authors stress common ground of pathogenetic mechanisms underlying pathomorphosis of reproductive disorders and other symptoms caused by occupational exposure. The materials emphasize importance of reproductivity studies in workers exposed to occupational hazards, as reproductive disorders are early and gentle signs of inner imbalance.

[Problem of adaptation and characteristics of the etiology of diseases in the Far North]. / Problema adaptatsii i osobennosti formirovaniia patologicheskikh narushenii v usloviiakh Krainego Severa.

Extensive data covering 2086 examinees served for analysis of peripheral vascular, locomotion, neurologic disorders developing at various stages of adaptation process in workers engaged into mining in the North. Unfavorable general and local cooling resulted in overstrain of thermoregulation mechanisms, caused lower performance, difficulties in adequate occupational functioning, early formation of diseases. Association of cooling and intensive vibration with significant physical load induced neurovascular and neurodystrophic changes being a result of both local microcirculation disturbances and disordered regulation of peripheral vascular tone, higher excitability of vasoconstrictors stimulated by central mechanisms.

[Effects of occupational mental strain on etiology of neuroses in operators]. / Vliianie nervno-napriazhennogo truda na razvitie nevroticheskikh rasstroistv u operatorov.

Complex clinical and physiologic examination covered operators facing changeable psychoemotional strain at work. The degree of psychoemotional strain appeared to have strong correlation with the diagnosed neurosis rate. The examination revealed main clinical syndrome in the neuroses and proved a distinct trend that prolonged forms of the condition were prevalent in the groups engaged into more emotionally burdensome work. The data obtained require further investigation to elaborate optimum measures for prophylaxis and treatment of the diseases diagnosed.

[Effect of work conditions on the development of vertebral neurologic disorders]. / Vliianie faktorov truda na razvitie vertebronevrologicheskikh narushenii.

Clinical and hygienic studies covered agricultural machine operators, bulldozer operators, truck drivers, excavator and boring machine operators, display terminal controllers, electronic miniature device assemblers. The studies proved that occupational hazards (general vibration, sitting posture) result in formation of vertebral neurologic disorders in the examinees. The localization and clinical manifestations appeared to depend on intensity and site of the acting hazard.

[Clinical aspects of vibration disease caused by general vibration]. / Klinicheskie aspekty vibratsionnoi bolezni, vyzvannoi obshchei vibratsiei.

The clinico-functional examination of agricultural machine-operators, truck drivers, excavator and boring machine operators revealed that, under low-frequency general vibration, polymorphic pathologic changes occur in human organism. Those include peripheral vascular and neuritic disorders and changes in the vertebral column. The most peculiar symptoms of VD are dealt with. The data obtained show to the importance of further elaboration of differential diagnostic criteria of VD, specifying its pathogenic mechanisms and prevention measures working out.

[Clinical aspects of occupational pathology caused by noise and vibration]. / Klinicheskie aspekty professional'noi patologii ot vozdeistviia shuma i vibratsii.

The paper is concerned with the results of many year-old clinical studies on workers of vibration-risk and "noisy" professions. The authors consider occupational and biomedical risk factors contributing to the development of vibratory disorders and noisy cochlear neuritis, the main clinical syndromes of this occupational pathology, modern methods of their preclinical and early clinical diagnosis. The basic principles of differentiated follow-up and combined prevention as well as problems of therapy, medical labor examination and rehabilitation of patients with vibratory disease and occupational cochlear neuritis are described.