RESUMO
A visible atmospheric optical depth of 0.9 was measured by the Spirit rover at Gusev crater and by the Opportunity rover at Meridiani Planum. Optical depth decreased by about 0.6 to 0.7% per sol through both 90-sol primary missions. The vertical distribution of atmospheric dust at Gusev crater was consistent with uniform mixing, with a measured scale height of 11.56 +/- 0.62 kilometers. The dust's cross section weighted mean radius was 1.47 +/- 0.21 micrometers (mm) at Gusev and 1.52 +/- 0.18 mm at Meridiani. Comparison of visible optical depths with 9-mm optical depths shows a visible-to-infrared optical depth ratio of 2.0 +/- 0.2 for comparison with previous monitoring of infrared optical depths.
Assuntos
Marte , Algoritmos , Atmosfera , Dióxido de Carbono , Meio Ambiente Extraterreno , Sistema Solar , Astronave , TemperaturaRESUMO
On Earth, life exists in all niches where water exists in liquid form for at least a portion of the year. On Mars, any liquid water would have to be a highly concentrated brine solution. It is likely, therefore, that any present-day Martian microorganisms would be similar to terrestrial halophiles. Even if present-day life does not exist on Mars, it is an interesting speculation that ancient bacteria preserved in salt deposits could be retrieved from an era when the climate of Mars was more conducive to life.
Assuntos
Planeta Terra , Halobacterium/fisiologia , Marte , Água , Dióxido de Carbono , Clima , Ecossistema , Fósseis , Vida , Nitrogênio , Fotossíntese , Temperatura , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
It is logical to propose that if a human mission is flown to Mars, it should be composed of an entirely female crew. On the average, women have lower mass and take less volume than males, and use proportionately less consumables. In addition, sociological research indicates that a female crew may have a preferable interpersonal dynamic, and be likely to choose non-confrontational approaches to solve interpersonal problems.
Assuntos
Astronautas , Marte , Seleção de Pessoal , Voo Espacial/organização & administração , Ausência de Peso/efeitos adversos , Adaptação Psicológica , Índice de Massa Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , Osteoporose/etiologia , Osteoporose/prevenção & controle , Política Pública , Caracteres Sexuais , Estados Unidos , United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration , Contramedidas de Ausência de PesoRESUMO
It is not enough in today's environment to just meet customers' expectations--we must exceed them. Therefore, one must learn what constitutes expectations. These needs have expanded during the past few years from just manufacturing the product and looking at the outcome from a provincial standpoint. Now we must understand and satisfy the entire supply chain. To manage this process and satisfy the customer, the process now involves the supplier, the manufacturer, and the entire distribution system.