RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The treatment of persons living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (PLWHAs) for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) reduces tuberculosis (TB) morbidity. Despite a high TB burden and an expanding human immunodeficiency virus epidemic, Russia had limited data on the utility of the tuberculin skin test (TST) for LTBI diagnosis in PLWHAs. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and predictors of positive TSTs in PLWHAs in Orel Oblast. METHODS: A total of 150 consenting PLWHAs being followed up at the AIDS Center were administered a TST and a questionnaire for risk factors for LTBI. A positive TST result was defined as >or=5 mm induration. RESULTS: Of the 150 subjects, 67% were male and 74% were aged <30 years. Of the PLWHAs tested, 26% had a positive TST result, while among PLWHAs with CD4(+) >500 cells/ml, 36% were TST-positive. TST positivity varied inversely with CD4(+) cell count. Among PLWHAs with a history of injection drug use, the primary risk factor for HIV, 29 (31.9%) were positive. CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of tested PLWHAs had a positive TST and could benefit from preventive therapy (PT) to reduce the risk of TB. A TB control programme in Russia should therefore include TST screening among PLWHAs and PT, besides active TB case finding and treatment.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Teste Tuberculínico , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Adulto , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Tuberculose/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Physico-chemical, biological and genetic properties of a cryopreserving solution for myelokaryocytes were studied. It was shown that the solution is harmless for the body, stable during storage, it produces no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, it should not be washed out before bone marrow cell administration to the recipient.
Assuntos
Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Criopreservação , Crioprotetores/toxicidade , Povidona/toxicidade , Animais , Células da Medula Óssea , Crioprotetores/farmacologia , Humanos , Camundongos , Testes de Mutagenicidade , Povidona/farmacologia , SoluçõesAssuntos
Modelos Animais de Doenças , Substitutos do Plasma/uso terapêutico , Proteínas/administração & dosagem , Choque Hemorrágico/tratamento farmacológico , Cloreto de Sódio/administração & dosagem , Animais , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Camundongos , Substitutos do Plasma/química , Substitutos do Plasma/normas , Proteínas/química , Controle de Qualidade , Coelhos , Cloreto de Sódio/química , Soluções , U.R.S.S.RESUMO
The authors used gravitation plasmapheresis in 153 patients with different diseases and developed and substantiated principles of correcting therapy based on the combination of different transfusion media. The use of transfusion maintenance in plasmapheresis results in considerably less side reactions and complications.