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1.
Paediatr Child Health ; 21(1): e4-9, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26941562

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The use of mechanical ventilation to treat respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants has been associated with the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. As part of a quality improvement initiative to reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants, a new practice guideline for the management of respiratory distress syndrome was developed and adopted into practice in a neonatal intensive care unit in February 2012. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of implementing the new guideline in regard to the use of mechanical ventilation and surfactant, and the incidence of bronchopulmonary dypslasia. METHODS: An historical cohort of very preterm infants (gestational age 26(0) to 32(6) weeks) born one year before guideline implementation was compared with a similar cohort of infants born one year following guideline implementation. Data were collected retrospectively from the local neonatal intensive care unit database. RESULTS: A total of 272 preterm infants were included in the study: 129 in the preguideline cohort and 143 in the postguideline cohort. Following the implementation of the guideline, the proportion of infants treated with ongoing mechanical ventilation was reduced from 49% to 26% (P<0.001) and there was a trend toward a reduction in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (27% versus 18%; P=0.07). There was no difference in the proportion of infants treated with surfactant (54% versus 50%). CONCLUSION: The implementation of the practice guideline helped to minimize the use of ongoing mechanical ventilation in preterm infants.


HISTORIQUE: La ventilation mécanique utilisée pour traiter le syndrome de détresse respiratoire chez les nourrissons prématurés s'associe à l'apparition d'une dysplasie bronchopulmonaire (DBP). Dans le cadre d'une initiative d'amélioration de la qualité pour réduire l'incidence de DBP chez les nourrissons prématurés, de nouvelles directives cliniques pour la prise en charge du syndrome de détresse respiratoire ont été rédigées et adoptées en février 2012 dans une unité de soins intensifs néonatale. OBJECTIF: Évaluer les effets de l'adoption des nouvelles directives sur l'utilisation de la ventilation mécanique et du surfactant et sur l'incidence de DBP. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Les chercheurs ont comparé une cohorte historique de nourrissons très prématurés (de 260 à 326 semaines d'âge gestationnel) nés un an avant l'adoption des directives à une cohorte similaire de nourrissons nés un an après l'adoption des directives. Ils ont procédé à la collecte rétrospective des données dans la base de données de l'unité de soins intensifs néonatals locale. RÉSULTATS: Au total, 272 nourrissons prématurés ont été inclus dans l'étude, soit 129 de la cohorte d'avant les directives et 143 de la cohorte d'après les directives. Après l'adoption des directives, la proportion de nourrissons traités par ventilation mécanique continue est passée de 49 % à 26 % (P<0,001), et on a constaté une tendance vers la diminution des DBP (27 % par rapport à 18 %, P=0,07). Il n'y avait pas de différence dans la proportion de nourrissons traités au surfactant (54 % par rapport à 50 %). CONCLUSION: L'adoption des directives cliniques a contribué à réduire le recours à la ventilation mécanique chez les nourrissons prématurés.

2.
Am J Obstet Gynecol ; 188(3): 617-22, 2003 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12634630

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between gestational age and outcomes of outborn versus inborn preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine gestational age-specific, risk-adjusted outcomes of 2962 singleton infants who were born at <32 weeks of gestation who were admitted to 17 Canadian neonatal intensive care units from 1996 through 1997. RESULTS: The risk-adjusted incidence was significantly (P <.05) higher among outborn versus inborn infants for mortality rates (odds ratio, 2.2) and > or =grade 3 intraventricular hemorrhage (odds ratio, 2.1) at < or =26 weeks of gestation and for chronic lung disease (odds ratio, 1.7) at 27 to 29 weeks of gestation. Outcomes of outborn and inborn infants at 30 to 31 weeks of gestation were not significantly different. CONCLUSION: The short-term benefit of preterm birth at tertiary centers is related inversely to gestational age and may not extend beyond 29 weeks of gestation.


Assuntos
Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal , Parto , Hemorragia Cerebral/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Incidência , Mortalidade Infantil , Recém-Nascido , Doenças do Recém-Nascido/epidemiologia , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Pacientes Internados , Pneumopatias/epidemiologia , Pacientes Ambulatoriais , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez
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