Effect of Infection Control Simulation Based on a Negative Pressure Isolation Room Using Mixed Reality.

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of an infection control simulation using mixed reality, comparing simulation fidelity with a high-fidelity mannequin (MN) group and problem-based learning with written cases group. This study used a three-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. Two universities with similar curricula were conveniently selected, and a total of 72 nursing students were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups of 24 each. In the final analysis, there were 22 participants in the mixed reality groups, 21 in the mannequin groups, and 23 in the problem-based learning with written cases groups. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the χ2, Kruskal-Wallis, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. The mixed reality groups had a significantly positive effect on clinical reasoning ability and clinical competence than the problem-based learning with written cases groups, whereas the mannequin groups had a significantly positive effect on clinical competence than the problem-based learning with written cases groups. Mixed reality simulation is an appropriate simulation method that enhances learning immersion, satisfaction, and self-confidence in simulation. Additionally, it can substitute for mannequin simulation in terms of clinical reasoning ability and clinical competence. This study suggests that it is important to the various approaches in simulation fidelity to diversely enhance the competency of nursing students in simulation outcomes.

Decadal Trends in Physical Activity Adherence Among Korean Older Adults: An Analysis of National Survey of Older Korean Data, 2011-2020.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study investigated adherence to physical activity (PA) guidelines and associated sociodemographic factors among older Koreans from 2011 to 2020. METHODS: Utilizing four public data sets from the National Survey of Older Koreans, the study included the data on 40,993 older adults 65 years and older in South Korea, collected between 2011 and 2020. Adherence to PA guidelines and sociodemographic factors were assessed through self-reported questionnaires. The data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance and post hoc tests. RESULTS: Overall adherence increased from 39.1% in 2011 to 48.2% in 2017, then decreased to 37.6% in 2020 (p < .001). Men had higher adherence than women (p < .001). Age-related adherence peaked in the young-older group (65-74 years old) and was lowest in the oldest-old group (85+ years old) (p < .001). Marital status, education, and income were also significantly related to PA adherence (p < .001) across the years. CONCLUSION: Although continuous increase in adherence to PA among Koreans 65 years and older was observed, the decline in PA levels during the COVID era underscored the need for targeted interventions and well-informed health care policies to address demographic challenges. Still, considering that data were collected during the recommended social distancing period, a cautions interpretation of these findings is warranted. Significance/Implications: Health policies aiming to improve adherence to PA guidelines should prioritize Korean older adults who are female, belong to the oldest-old group, are single, and have low education and income levels, with the goal of enhancing health equity.

The role of grit in inclusive education: a study of motivation and achievement among preservice physical education teachers.

Introduction: Grit, a combination of enduring effort and persistent interest, is key to long-term goals. The training of preservice physical education (PE) teachers is vital for child development, emphasizing the need to assess their resilience and commitment. However, research is limited regarding how grit influences motivation and achievement goals in PE. The purpose of this study was to explore how the grit dimensions of preservice PE teachers impact their motivation and achievement goals, which may subsequently shape their future career intentions of becoming PE teachers. Methods: A total of 279 preservice physical education (PE) teachers (69.5% males; 26.9% PE graduate program) from five South Korean universities participated in the study. They completed validated questionnaires measuring grit, motivation, achievement goal orientations, and career intentions. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to examine variable relationships and test the hypothesis model. Results: Correlation analysis indicated a spectrum of relationships between facets of grit (perseverance of effort and consistency of interests), motivational parameters, and career intention, with both positive and negative correlations ranging from weak to moderate (r ranging from 0.119 to 0.425, p < 0.05-0.01). SEM confirmed the model's goodness-of-fit (χ2/df = 1.928, RMSEA = 0.058, IFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.91, CFI = 0.92). Path analysis showed that both perseverance of effort and consistency of interests significantly influenced motivational mechanisms (ß ranging from -0.34 to 0.57, p < 0.05-0.01), both directly and indirectly, which then notably impacted career intentions (ß = 0.10, p < 0.05). Notably, both grit dimensions significantly impacted mastery approach goals (ß ranging from 0.49 to 0.56, p < 0.01). Mastery approach goals, in turn, had a substantial impact on intrinsic motivation (ß = 0.27, p < 0.01), which subsequently significantly influenced career intentions (ß = 0.32, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The study illuminated the complex relationships between grit dimensions, motivation, achievement goals, and career intentions of future PE teachers. SEM validation confirmed grit's direct and indirect influence on goal orientations and motivation, underscoring the importance of incorporating grit-building strategies alongside mastery approach goals in preservice PE programs to enhance resilience, dedication, and long-term career commitment.

Blockchain-Based Data Access Control and Key Agreement System in IoT Environment.

Recently, with the increasing application of the Internet of Things (IoT), various IoT environments such as smart factories, smart homes, and smart grids are being generated. In the IoT environment, a lot of data are generated in real time, and the generated IoT data can be used as source data for various services such as artificial intelligence, remote medical care, and finance, and can also be used for purposes such as electricity bill generation. Therefore, data access control is required to grant access rights to various data users in the IoT environment who need such IoT data. In addition, IoT data contain sensitive information such as personal information, so privacy protection is also essential. Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) technology has been utilized to address these requirements. Furthermore, system structures applying blockchains with CP-ABE are being studied to prevent bottlenecks and single failures of cloud servers, as well as to support data auditing. However, these systems do not stipulate authentication and key agreement to ensure the security of the data transmission process and data outsourcing. Accordingly, we propose a data access control and key agreement scheme using CP-ABE to ensure data security in a blockchain-based system. In addition, we propose a system that can provide data nonrepudiation, data accountability, and data verification functions by utilizing blockchains. Both formal and informal security verifications are performed to demonstrate the security of the proposed system. We also compare the security, functional aspects, and computational and communication costs of previous systems. Furthermore, we perform cryptographic calculations to analyze the system in practical terms. As a result, our proposed protocol is safer against attacks such as guessing attacks and tracing attacks than other protocols, and can provide mutual authentication and key agreement functions. In addition, the proposed protocol is more efficient than other protocols, so it can be applied to practical IoT environments.

Relation between Demographics and Physical Activity among Preschoolers Attending Head Start.

Limited empirical evidence is available about preschoolers' sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) patterns in Head Start programs, we explored (a) preschoolers' SB and PA patterns (ranging from SB to light-moderate-vigorous physical activity [LMVPA]) and (b) their relationships with sociodemographic factors, weight status, and motor development. Participants included 216 preschoolers (M age = 4.32 ± 0.63; girls 56.5%) from six Head Start centers in an urban area in the southwestern region of the United States, assessing Actical® activity monitor-based PA, weight status, and motor development. The findings revealed preschoolers who were female, Hispanic/Latinx, with an at risk weight level, and/or in the below average motor development group tended to engage in less MVPA/LMVPA and also had higher SB patterns while participating in the Head Start program (p < 0.05-0.001, d ranged from 0.23 to 0.62). Head Start stakeholders (e.g., policymakers, leaders, curriculum coordinators, health professionals, and teachers) need to acknowledge the PA and health disparities, and intervene in underserved preschoolers' health-promoting behaviors.

PUFTAP-IoT: PUF-Based Three-Factor Authentication Protocol in IoT Environment Focused on Sensing Devices.

In IoT-based environments, smart services can be provided to users under various environments, such as smart homes, smart factories, smart cities, smart transportation, and healthcare, by utilizing sensing devices. Nevertheless, a series of security problems may arise because of the nature of the wireless channel in the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for utilizing IoT services. Authentication and key agreements are essential elements for providing secure services in WSNs. Accordingly, two-factor and three-factor-based authentication protocol research is being actively conducted. However, IoT service users can be vulnerable to ID/password pair guessing attacks by setting easy-to-remember identities and passwords. In addition, sensors and sensing devices deployed in IoT environments are vulnerable to capture attacks. To address this issue, in this paper, we analyze the protocols of Chunka et al., Amintoosi et al., and Hajian et al. and describe their security vulnerabilities. Moreover, this paper introduces PUF and honey list techniques with three-factor authentication to design protocols resistant to ID/password pair guessing, brute-force, and capture attacks. Accordingly, we introduce PUFTAP-IoT, which can provide secure services in the IoT environment. To prove the security of PUFTAP-IoT, we perform formal analyses through Burrows Abadi Needham (BAN) logic, Real-Or-Random (ROR) model, and scyther simulation tools. In addition, we demonstrate the efficiency of the protocol compared with other authentication protocols in terms of security, computational cost, and communication cost, showing that it can provide secure services in IoT environments.

Dense Pixel-Level Interpretation of Dynamic Scenes With Video Panoptic Segmentation.

A holistic understanding of dynamic scenes is of fundamental importance in real-world computer vision problems such as autonomous driving, augmented reality and spatio-temporal reasoning. In this paper, we propose a new computer vision benchmark: Video Panoptic Segmentation (VPS). To study this important problem, we present two datasets, Cityscapes-VPS and VIPER together with a new evaluation metric, video panoptic quality (VPQ). We also propose VPSNet++, an advanced video panoptic segmentation network, which simultaneously performs classification, detection, segmentation, and tracking of all identities in videos. Specifically, VPSNet++ builds upon a top-down panoptic segmentation network by adding pixel-level feature fusion head and object-level association head. The former temporally augments the pixel features while the latter performs object tracking. Furthermore, we propose panoptic boundary learning as an auxiliary task, and instance discrimination learning which learns spatio-temporally clustered pixel embedding for individual thing or stuff regions, i.e., exactly the objective of the video panoptic segmentation problem. Our VPSNet++ significantly outperforms the default VPSNet, i.e., FuseTrack baseline, and achieves state-of-the-art results on both Cityscapes-VPS and VIPER datasets. The datasets, metric, and models are publicly available at https://github.com/mcahny/vps.

The effects of life skills of Korean college student athletes on adaptation and satisfaction in college life.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of college student athletes' life skills on adaptation and life satisfaction. PARTICIPANTS: 246 college student athletes (Mage = 20.24 ± 1.11; 75% of males) who were registered in the Korea Sports Association in South Korea. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was used. College student athletes completed self-reported surveys in 2019. Study variables include life skills, adaptation to college, and life satisfaction as performed by bivariate analysis, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Life skills, adaptation to college, and life satisfaction were partially correlated to each other and differed by gender and sport types (p < .05-.01). College student athletes' life skills were significant predictors of adaptation to college life and life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Developing and establishing life skills programs in and outside of campus may help promoting college student athletes' well-being.

A novel method to design and evaluate artificial neural network for thin film thickness measurement traceable to the length standard.

The artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been often used for thin-film thickness measurement, whose performance evaluations were only conducted at the level of simple comparisons with the existing analysis methods. However, it is not an easy and simple way to verify the reliability of an ANN based on international length standards. In this article, we propose for the first time a method by which to design and evaluate an ANN for determining the thickness of the thin film with international standards. The original achievements of this work are to choose parameters of the ANN reasonably and to evaluate the training instead of a simple comparison with conventional methods. To do this, ANNs were built in 12 different cases, and then trained using theoretical spectra. The experimental spectra of the certified reference materials (CRMs) used here served as the validation data of each trained ANN, with the output then compared with a certified value. When both values agree with each other within an expanded uncertainty of the CRMs, the ANN is considered to be reliable. We expect that the proposed method can be useful for evaluating the reliability of ANN in the future.

Adolescents' Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms: A Psychosocial Mechanism.

Guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991), this study aimed to test a hypothesized path model of TPB variables (i.e., attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention) with physical activity (PA) and depressive symptoms. A total of 792 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 16.9; SD = 0.82; 54.5% females) completed previously validated questionnaires assessing their TPB variables, PA, and depressive symptoms. Correlation analysis revealed TPB variables were positively associated with PA (p < 0.01), and negatively correlated to depressive symptoms (p < 0.01). The path analyses indicated that the hypothesized model produces a goodness of fit (χ2/df = 16.14/5, CFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.06). The findings support the theoretical tenets of TPB and provide empirical evidence of the psychosocial mechanism of PA and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents. It suggests that building PA intervention strategies while considering the TPB framework may promote adolescents' physical and mental health.

Space-Time Memory Networks for Video Object Segmentation With User Guidance.

We propose a novel and unified solution for user-guided video object segmentation tasks. In this work, we consider two scenarios of user-guided segmentation: semi-supervised and interactive segmentation. Due to the nature of the problem, available cues - video frame(s) with object masks (or scribbles) - become richer with the intermediate predictions (or additional user inputs). However, the existing methods make it impossible to fully exploit this rich source of information. We resolve the issue by leveraging memory networks and learning to read relevant information from all available sources. In the semi-supervised scenario, the previous frames with object masks form an external memory, and the current frame as the query is segmented using the information in the memory. Similarly, to work with user interactions, the frames that are given user inputs form the memory that guides segmentation. Internally, the query and the memory are densely matched in the feature space, covering all the space-time pixel locations in a feed-forward fashion. The abundant use of the guidance information allows us to better handle challenges such as appearance changes and occlusions. We validate our method on the latest benchmark sets and achieve state-of-the-art performance along with a fast runtime.

Does Perceived Competence Mediate between Ball Skills and Children's Physical Activity and Enjoyment?

The major purpose of this study was to examine the potential mediating role of perceived motor skill competence on relationships between actual ball skills and children's physical activity (PA) and PA enjoyment. A total of 294 students (Mage = 10.96 ± 0.76; 51.7% boys) from three elementary schools completed validated questionnaires assessing their perceived competence, self-reported PA, and PA enjoyment. Students' actual ball skills (i.e., basketball, overhand throwing, striking) were measured by PE MetricsTM. Correlation analyses showed positive relationships among the study variables (rs ranging from 0.12 to 0.56). The structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses demonstrated that the mediation model produces a goodness-of-fit to the data: χ2/df = 52.03/32; CFI = 0.96; NFI = 0.90; IFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.04. Path coefficients suggested that actual ball skill competence was strongly associated with perceived competence (ß = 0.36, p < 0.01), which in turn significantly predicted PA (ß = 0.29, p < 0.01) and PA enjoyment (ß = 0.35, p < 0.01). The findings highlight that ball skills significantly impact students' perceived competence, positively and indirectly affecting their PA and PA enjoyment. This study provides empirical evidence that recommends intervention strategies aimed at fostering elementary school students' PA and PA enjoyment.

A Secure and Lightweight Authentication Protocol for IoT-Based Smart Homes.

With the information and communication technologies (ICT) and Internet of Things (IoT) gradually advancing, smart homes have been able to provide home services to users. The user can enjoy a high level of comfort and improve his quality of life by using home services provided by smart devices. However, the smart home has security and privacy problems, since the user and smart devices communicate through an insecure channel. Therefore, a secure authentication protocol should be established between the user and smart devices. In 2020, Xiang and Zheng presented a situation-aware protocol for device authentication in smart grid-enabled smart home environments. However, we demonstrate that their protocol can suffer from stolen smart device, impersonation, and session key disclosure attacks and fails to provide secure mutual authentication. Therefore, we propose a secure and lightweight authentication protocol for IoT-based smart homes to resolve the security flaws of Xiang and Zheng's protocol. We proved the security of the proposed protocol by performing informal and formal security analyses, using the real or random (ROR) model, Burrows-Abadi-Needham (BAN) logic, and the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) tool. Moreover, we provide a comparison of performance and security properties between the proposed protocol and related existing protocols. We demonstrate that the proposed protocol ensures better security and lower computational costs than related protocols, and is suitable for practical IoT-based smart home environments.

Experiences of hospitalization among pregnant women with preterm labor in Korea: a phenomenological study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe pregnant women's lived experiences of hospitalization due to preterm labor in Korea. Methods: This qualitative study adopted a phenomenological approach. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with nine participants, over the age of 20 years, who had been hospitalized for more than 1 week after being diagnosed with preterm labor. All interviews were audio-taped and verbatim transcripts were made for analysis. The data were analyzed following Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: The participants' ages ranged from 26 to 36 years, and all were married women. They were hospitalized for 13.1 days on average. Five thematic clusters emerged from the analysis. 'Withstanding hospitalization for the fetus's well-being' describes women's feelings during preterm labor and their endurance during their prolonged hospitalization, rooted in their conviction that the fetus comes first. 'Endless frustration in the hospital' encompasses women's emotions while lying in bed and quietly thinking to themselves. 'Unmet physiological needs' describes participants' awareness of their inability to independently handle human physiological needs given the need for careful and limited movement. 'Gratitude for the support around oneself' reflects the support from family and medical staff. 'Shifting perceptions and accepting one's circumstances' describes accepting hospitalization and making efforts to spend their remaining time in the hospital in a meaningful way. Conclusion: The findings in this study provide a deeper understanding and insights into the experiences of Korean women with preterm labor during hospitalization, underscoring the need to develop interventions for these patients.

Physical Fitness Promotion among Adolescents: Effects of a Jump Rope-Based Physical Activity Afterschool Program.

The major purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a jump rope-based physical activity afterschool program on middle school students' physical fitness. Sixty students (Mage = 13.37, SD = 0.58; 53.3% female) participated in a 12-week jump rope-based afterschool program (45 min/time, three times/week). Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: (a) freestyle rope skipping (N = 20), traditional jump rope (N = 20), and a control group (N = 20). Physical fitness tests, including muscular strength (standing long jump, right-hand grip, and left-hand grip), flexibility, body composition, and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured in pre- and post-tests. A 2 (time) × 3 (groups) repeated measure multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed. The results found significant improvements in muscular strength (standing long jump, right-hand grip, and left-hand grip) in both intervention groups (p < 0.001; ds = 0.2-0.44). Only the freestyle rope skipping group had increased BMD (p < 0.05, d = 0.33). Compared to the traditional jump rope, the freestyle rope skipping group showed significantly higher improvement in flexibility (p < 0.05, d = 0.83). These findings suggest that the jump rope-based afterschool program with freestyle rope skipping would be more effective than traditional jump rope to promote physical fitness performance among adolescents.

Mechanism of Heat-Induced Fusion of Silver Nanowires.

Physical changes in arranged silver nanowires were monitored during progressive heating inside a transmission electron microscope. Using the in-situ experimental method, overall variation of silver nanowires and movement of the silver atoms could be assessed. The physical morphology of silver nanowires was rapidly transformed above 350 °C as they fused with each other, which led to extrusion of the silver atoms. Around 550 °C, silver nanowires were almost fused into one, filling a relatively large void between silver nanowires. However, above 575 °C, the united silver nanowire was completely cut off, starting from the region that was suspected to have defects. For the first time, the fusion of arranged silver nanowires and the configurational changes of silver atoms during heating were visualized, and the migration between silver atoms and the damage mechanism of silver nanowires were assessed. Moreover, the relationship of physical morphology and electrical property of silver nanowires according to the temperature were investigated using the ex-situ experimental method. As silver nanowires started to split at 300 °C, the electrical conductivity deteriorated greatly. Beyond 350 °C, the electrical conductivity was completely lost while silver nanowires disintegrated rapidly, and silver nanowires completely disappeared at 450 °C.

Accessing Physical Activity and Health Disparities among Underserved Hispanic Children: The Role of Actual and Perceived Motor Competence.

Promoting physical activity (PA) and eliminating health disparities among underserved minority children is a public health priority. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of actual motor competence (a set of object control skills) and perceived motor competence with PA participation and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among underserved Hispanic children who were born in the U.S. Guided by Stodden et al.'s conceptual model, we tested the direct and indirect effects (mediational model) of actual motor competence on health-related outcomes (PA and HRQoL) through perceived motor competence. Participants were 215 underserved Hispanic children (Mage = 10.55 years, SD = 0.53 [age range 10-12]; 51.6% boys), recruited from four elementary schools in the southwestern U.S., who completed validated questionnaires assessing their perceived motor competence, PA, and HRQoL. Their actual motor skills were assessed using PE MetricsTM. After examining the associations among the variables, we tested the hypothesized model using structural equation modeling (SEM; AMOS 25). The hypothesized model indicated a good fit (χ²/df = 38.427/24 = 1.60 < 5; non-normed fit index (NFI) = 0.93; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.968; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.053 [0.016, 0.083]). The effect of actual motor competence on PA and HRQoL was fully mediated by perceived motor competence. The findings demonstrated the mediating role of perceived motor competence between actual motor competence and health-related outcomes (PA and HRQoL) among underserved Hispanic children. The results highlight that actual motor competence significantly predicted underserved Hispanic children' perceived motor competence, which in turn positively predicted their PA and HRQoL. These findings have significant practical implications for future intervention strategies of randomized clinical trials in schools aimed at promoting PA and HRQoL and eliminating health disparities among underserved Hispanic children.

Design of Secure Protocol for Cloud-Assisted Electronic Health Record System Using Blockchain.

In the traditional electronic health record (EHR) management system, each medical service center manages their own health records, respectively, which are difficult to share on the different medical platforms. Recently, blockchain technology is one of the popular alternatives to enable medical service centers based on different platforms to share EHRs. However, it is hard to store whole EHR data in blockchain because of the size and the price of blockchain. To resolve this problem, cloud computing is considered as a promising solution. Cloud computing offers advantageous properties such as storage availability and scalability. Unfortunately, the EHR system with cloud computing can be vulnerable to various attacks because the sensitive data is sent over a public channel. We propose the secure protocol for cloud-assisted EHR system using blockchain. In the proposed scheme, blockchain technology is used to provide data integrity and access control using log transactions and the cloud server stores and manages the patient's EHRs to provide secure storage resources. We use an elliptic curve cryptosystems (ECC) to provide secure health data sharing with cloud computing. We demonstrate that the proposed EHR system can prevent various attacks by using informal security analysis and automated validation of internet security protocols and applications (AVISPA) simulation. Furthermore, we prove that the proposed EHR system provides secure mutual authentication using BAN logic analysis. We then compare the computation overhead, communication overhead, and security properties with existing schemes. Consequently, the proposed EHR system is suitable for the practical healthcare system considering security and efficiency.

The Roles of Individual and Psychosocial Factors in Predicting Quality of Life Among Working Women in Shanghai.

Working women are at a high risk of suffering from occupational stress and burnout, which can result in reducing Quality of Life (QoL). Guided by the QoL construct and Luban et al.'s conceptual framework, this study aimed to (a) investigate the roles of individual factors (i.e., age) and psychosocial factors (i.e., occupational stress, burnout) on QoL among working women, and (b) examine the age differences among study variables (young versus middle-aged groups). Participants were 375 working women (Mage = 42.06) recruited in Shanghai, China. They completed previously validated questionnaires assessing their occupational stress, burnout (emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced professional efficacy), and QoL (physical health, psychological health, social relationship, and living environment). Confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson product-moment correlation, hierarchical regressions, and factorial multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) were used to examine the relationships and differences between occupational stress, burnout, and QoL among working women. Correlation and regression analyses indicated that occupational stress and burnout were significantly associated with QoL among these participants. Two one-factor MANOVAs demonstrated that young-aged working women had higher occupational stress and burnout, but lower levels of QoL than middle-aged women. These results suggest that adopting specific coping strategies to reduce or prevent occupational stress and burnout are needed to improve QoL among working women.

Effects of a Need-Supportive Motor Skill Intervention on Children's Motor Skill Competence and Physical Activity.

A need-supportive environment can provide various motivational benefits to impact children's psychomotor developmental levels. However, very little is known about the effects of need-supportive motor skill intervention on children's motor skill competence and physical activity by gender. Guided by self-determination theory (SDT), this study aimed to (a) investigate the effect of a need-supportive fundamental movement skill (FMS) program on children's FMS competence and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and (b) explore potential gender differences in these effects. Thirty-six children (63.8% girls; Mage = 6.52 ± 0.97) participated and were divided into two groups: an intervention group (24 need-supportive FMS sessions over eight weeks) and a control group. A repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to examine the influence of the motor skill intervention on FMS competence and MVPA over time by group (intervention, control) and gender (boys, girls). The results showed (a) significant group differences between the intervention and control group in FMS competence and MVPA (p < 0.001), (b) non-significant gender differences between boys and girls in FMS competence and MVPA (p = 0.85), and (c) non-significant interaction effects over time (p = 0.52). The findings highlight that a need-supportive FMS program may enhance FMS development and daily physical activity for both genders during the early school years.