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1.
Occup Med (Lond) ; 74(2): 152-160, 2024 04 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38330390

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Irregular menstruation is a major health problem among women, although its association with nightshift work remains controversial. AIMS: To study the association between nightshift work and irregular menstrual cycle among female workers and investigate any differences according to sleep quality, working hours or obesity. METHODS: This study included female workers who underwent health examinations from 2012 to 2019. Nightshift work, working hours, sleep quality and menstrual cycles were assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Irregular menstrual cycle was defined as self-reported irregular or ≥36 days. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by multivariable logistic regression; adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) for incident irregular menstrual cycle were calculated by Cox proportional hazard models with time-dependent analysis. RESULTS: The study participants were 87 147 in the cross-sectional study and 41 516 in the longitudinal study. After adjusting for all covariates in the cross-sectional analyses, the odds ratio for prevalent irregular menstrual cycle among female nightshift workers versus the reference was 1.26 (95% CI 1.2-1.33). In the cohort study, the adjusted hazard ratio for incident irregular menstrual cycle among nightshift workers was 1.95 (95% CI 1.61-2.35) in the period after 6 years. No significant differences were observed among subgroups stratified by sleep quality, working hours or obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Nightshift work is associated with an increased risk of both prevalent and incident irregular menstrual cycle in female workers without significant interactions by sleep quality, working hours or obesity.


Assuntos
Ciclo Menstrual , Distúrbios Menstruais , Feminino , Humanos , Seguimentos , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Longitudinais , Distúrbios Menstruais/etiologia , Distúrbios Menstruais/complicações , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Obesidade/complicações
2.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 25(6): 2463, 2021 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33829427

RESUMO

Correction to: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2021; 25 (3): 1198-1205-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202102_24822-PMID: 33629289, published online 15 February, 2021. After publication, the authors requested to correct Table I and some minor errors in the text. There are amendments to this paper. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/24822.

3.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 25(3): 1198-1205, 2021 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33629289

RESUMO

Although obesity is known to have an influence on fracture, the relationship between lumbar and femur fractures and weight or waist circumference is controversial. We investigated the incidence of fracture with regards to waist circumference using the customised database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). Among 8,922,940 adults who participated at least twice in the NHIS National Health Check-up Program in South Korea between 2009 and 2011, 1,556,751 subjects (780,074 men and 776,677 women) were extracted. Over a mean follow-up of 6.5 years, multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher waist circumference was associated with an increased risk of femur fractures in both males and females. Moreover, the incidence of lumbar fractures was also positively associated with an increased waist circumference in males and females. An increased waist circumference showed a positive linear relationship with the risk of lumbar and femur fractures in both males and females.


Assuntos
Fêmur/patologia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/patologia , Circunferência da Cintura , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , República da Coreia , Fatores de Risco
4.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 25(1): 263-272, 2021 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33506915

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The importance of continuous monitoring of fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels of diabetic patients has been established. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational prospective study was conducted. Our analysis included 1,700,796 individuals from the nationwide South Korean National Health Insurance System cohort. FBS variability was measured by standard deviation (SD). RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated elevated disease probability in the higher FBS fluctuation group compared with the lower FBS fluctuation group. After adjusting for confounding variables, Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that the hazard ratios of 411 individuals in the highest quartile of SD variation of FBS were 1.77 (95% confidence interval 1.37-2.28, p<0.001) compared with the lowest quartile of SD variation of FBS. The impact of FBS fluctuation on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cerebrovascular diseases, CVD mortality and all-cause mortality in the highest quartiles of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Visit-to-visit FBS variability has prognostic value for predicting micro- and macrovascular disease, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.


Assuntos
Glicemia/análise , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/mortalidade , Jejum/sangue , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , República da Coreia , Fatores de Risco
5.
Eur J Neurol ; 27(8): 1546-1555, 2020 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32320109

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Data on the pregnancy outcome of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remain limited, especially for woman who had received immunosuppressive treatment before becoming pregnant. The aim was to evaluate the outcome of pregnancy amongst patients with NMOSD who attempted to become pregnant after NMOSD onset and to identify risk factors that predict pregnancy-related attack. METHODS: Medical records from 29 patients who attempted to become pregnant after NMOSD onset were retrospectively evaluated and the patients were interviewed for pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy-related attack was defined as an attack that occurred during pregnancy or within 1 year of delivery. RESULTS: Amongst the 29 patients, 26 had 33 pregnancies after NMOSD symptom onset. The 33 pregnancies after NMOSD onset resulted in 24 live births (healthy neonates except one with low birth weight), six miscarriages and three elective abortions. Pregnancy-related attack occurred in nine (75%) of 12 pregnancies before initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, but in only five (24%) of 21 pregnancies after initiation of immunosuppressive therapy (P = 0.009). Multivariable analysis indicated that pregnancy-related attack was negatively associated with pregnancy after initiation of rituximab (odds ratio 0.048, 95% confidence interval 0.004-0.546). CONCLUSION: Successful pregnancy without maternal and neonatal complications may be feasible in patients with NMOSD. Rituximab treatment before pregnancy might help to prevent pregnancy-related attack in patients with NMOSD.


Assuntos
Neuromielite Óptica , Complicações na Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Recém-Nascido , Neuromielite Óptica/tratamento farmacológico , Neuromielite Óptica/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Rituximab/uso terapêutico
7.
Phytomedicine ; 67: 153157, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31896054

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Inulin-type fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs) purified from Morinda officinalis How., an effective oral antidepressant for mild to moderate depression, have a largely unknown efficacy and poor bioavailability. PURPOSE: Therefore, the microbiota-gut-brain axis was used to investigate the antidepressive properties of FOSs at the interface of the gut microbiota (GM). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: FOSs was introduced via intragastric gavage to rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and the antidepressive effects were investigated through behavioral tests, intestinal morphology and corticosterone levels. Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted from feces, and the GM was profiled for using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR analysis, partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. RESULTS: It was observed that FOSs alleviated depression-like behaviors and repaired intestinal epithelia damages. FOSs treatment lowered corticosterone levels in the plasma and urine of the model rats. Moreover, the GM compositions of normal and model rats were distantly clustered and were mainly related to the disappearance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Acinetobacter, Barnesiella, Coprococcus, Dialister, Lactobacillus, and Paenibacillus) and appearance of depression-associated bacteria (e.g., Anaerostipes, Oscillibacter, Proteobacteria, and Streptococcus) in depressive rats. Interestingly, the dysbiosis in depressive rats' gut was reinstated with FOSs treatments. Notably, FOSs promoted the abundance of the bacterial phylum Cyanobacteria, a group of bacteria known for the secretion of pharmacologically important metabolites, such as H2S, that exhibit antidepressant-like properties. Apparently, FOSs-induced modulation of GM was more antidepressive compared to a component of FOSs, degrees of polymerization (DP) 5, and fluoxetine, the standard antidepressant drug. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study implied that antidepressant efficacy of FOSs was inseparable from and strongly associated with the modulation of the host' s GM.


Assuntos
Antidepressivos/farmacologia , Depressão/tratamento farmacológico , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Morinda/química , Oligossacarídeos/farmacologia , Animais , Corticosterona/sangue , Corticosterona/urina , Depressão/etiologia , Fezes/microbiologia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Intestinos/efeitos dos fármacos , Intestinos/patologia , Masculino , RNA Ribossômico 16S , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Estresse Psicológico/tratamento farmacológico
8.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis ; 29(5): 489-495, 2019 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30940491

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: It is not known whether non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a risk factor for diabetes in non obese, non centrally-obese subjects. Our aim was to investigate relationships between fatty liver, insulin resistance and a biomarker score for liver fibrosis with incident diabetes at follow up, in subjects who were neither obese nor centrally-obese. METHODS AND RESULTS: As many as 70,303 subjects with a body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2 and without diabetes were followed up for a maximum of 7.9 years. At baseline, fatty liver was identified by liver ultrasound, insulin resistance (IR) by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ≥2.0, and central obesity by waist circumference (waist circumference ≥90 cm (men) and ≥85 cm (women). The Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4 score) was used to estimate extent of liver fibrosis. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders were used to estimate hazard ratios (aHRs) for incident diabetes. As many as 852 incident cases of diabetes occurred during follow up (median [IQR] 3.71 [2.03] years). Mean ± SD BMI was 22.8 ± 1.8 and 21.7 ± 2.0 kg/m2 in subjects with and without diabetes at follow up. In subjects without central obesity and with fatty liver, aHRs (95% CI) for incident diabetes at follow up were 2.17 (1.56, 3.03) for men, and 2.86 (1.50,5.46) for women. Similar aHRs for incident diabetes occurred with fatty liver, IR and the highest quartile of FIB-4 combined, in men; and there was a non significant trend toward increased risk in women. CONCLUSIONS: In normal weight, non-centrally obese subjects NAFLD is an independent risk factor for incident diabetes.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/epidemiologia , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Peso Corporal Ideal , Incidência , Resistência à Insulina , Cirrose Hepática/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/diagnóstico por imagem , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores de Tempo
9.
J Thromb Haemost ; 15(12): 2396-2407, 2017 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28981200

RESUMO

Essentials Collagen and thrombin when used simultaneously generate highly activated platelets. The effect of thrombin stimulation on subsequent glycoprotein VI (GPVI) function was observed. Soluble fibrin, but not protease activated receptor (PAR) activation, prevented GPVI activation. Circulating soluble fibrin in coagulopathic blood may cause an acquired GPVI signaling defect. SUMMARY: Background In coagulopathic blood, circulating thrombin may drive platelet dysfunction. Methods/Results Using calcium dye-loaded platelets, the effect of thrombin exposure and soluble fibrin generation on subsequent platelet GPVI function was investigated. Exposure of apixaban-treated platelet-rich plasma (12% PRP) to thrombin (1-10 nm), but not ADP or thromboxane mimetic U46619 exposure, dramatically blocked subsequent GPVI activation by convulxin, collagen-related peptide or fibrillar collagen. Consistent with soluble fibrin multimerizing and binding GPVI, the onset of convulxin insensitivity required 200-500 s of thrombin exposure, was not mimicked by exposure to PAR-1/4 activating peptides, was not observed with washed platelets, and was blocked by fibrin polymerization inhibitor (GPRP) or factor XIIIa inhibitor (T101). PAR-1 signaling through Gαq was not required because vorapaxar blocked thrombin-induced calcium mobilization but had no effect on the ability of thrombin to impair GPVI-signaling. Convulxin insensitivity was unaffected by the metalloprotease inhibitor GM6001 or the αIIb ß3 antagonist GR144053, indicating negligible roles for GPVI shedding or αIIb ß3 binding of fibrin. Thrombin treatment of washed platelets resuspended in purified fibrinogen also produced convulxin insensitivity that was prevented by GPRP. Exposure of apixaban/PPACK-treated whole blood to thrombin-treated fibrinogen resulted in > 50% decrease in platelet deposition in a collagen microfluidic assay that required soluble fibrin assembly. Conclusions Conversion of only 1% plasma fibrinogen in coagulopathic blood would generate 90 nm soluble fibrin, far exceeding ~1 nmGPVI in blood. Soluble fibrin, rather than thrombin-induced platelet activation throuh PAR-1 and PAR-4, downregulated GPVI-signaling in response to stimuli, and may lead to subsequent hypofunction of endogenous or transfused platelets.


Assuntos
Transtornos da Coagulação Sanguínea/sangue , Fibrina/metabolismo , Glicoproteínas da Membrana de Plaquetas/metabolismo , Ácido 15-Hidroxi-11 alfa,9 alfa-(epoximetano)prosta-5,13-dienoico/farmacologia , Difosfato de Adenosina/sangue , Difosfato de Adenosina/farmacologia , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Sinalização do Cálcio/efeitos dos fármacos , Colágeno/metabolismo , Venenos de Crotalídeos/farmacologia , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Lectinas Tipo C , Oligopeptídeos/sangue , Ativação Plaquetária/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Solubilidade , Trombina/metabolismo
10.
Anaesthesia ; 72(9): 1097-1106, 2017 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28804889

RESUMO

Double-lumen endobronchial tube placement is challenging. This study compared double-lumen tube placement with the Disposcope® , a wireless videostylet allowing real-time visualisation, with conventional blind placement. Patients undergoing elective thoracic surgery with normal airways requiring one-lung ventilation were randomly allocated into two groups (27 patients in each group). The Disposcope was used to assist left-sided double-lumen tube placement in one group, and conventional blind placement was performed in the control group. Placement in both groups was checked with fibreoptic bronchoscopy. The Disposcope-assisted group had a shorter total mean (SD) placement time (18.6 (2.5) s vs. 21.4 (2.9) s, p < 0.001), laryngoscopy to end of auscultation time (83.4 (3.0) s vs. 93.9 (5.7) s, p < 0.001) and total operation time (130.7 (6.1) s vs. 154.5 (6.3) s, p < 0.001). In the Disposcope-assisted group, the double-lumen tube was inserted in the correct side in all patients (100.0%), whereas in the conventional group, the double-lumen tube was placed in the correct side in 25 (92.6%) patients and in the wrong side in 2 (7.4%) patients; the difference was not significant (p = 0.150). In the Disposcope-assisted group, the double-lumen tube was inserted to the optimal depth in 24 (88.9%) patients, whereas in the conventional group it was inserted to the optimal depth in one (4.0%) patient. The Disposcope increased the success rate of double-lumen tube placement, and shortened the total operation time when compared with standard placement with confirmation using fibreoptic bronchoscopy, and may replace the conventional method.


Assuntos
Broncoscópios , Broncoscopia/métodos , Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Adulto , Idoso , Anestesia Geral , Auscultação , Feminino , Tecnologia de Fibra Óptica , Humanos , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Laringoscopia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ventilação Monopulmonar , Duração da Cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Torácicos
11.
Zoonoses Public Health ; 63(7): 545-554, 2016 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27234414

RESUMO

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the major causative pathogens of outbreaks or sporadic cases of diarrhoeal diseases worldwide. In this study, we compared the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of C. jejuni isolates of human and food-producing animal origins in Korea and examined the genetic relatedness between these two groups of isolates. Regardless of isolation source, all C. jejuni isolates harboured four virulence genes, cadF, cdtB, ciaB and racR, whereas the wlaN and virB11 genes were more frequently observed in human isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that the majority of C. jejuni isolates displayed high-level resistance to fluoroquinolone (95.2%) or tetracycline (76.2%) antibiotics, and 12.4% of isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (more than three classes of antibiotics tested). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of all Campylobacter isolates revealed 51 different SmaI-PFGE patterns and six major clusters containing both human and animal isolates. These results indicate that genetically diverse strains of C. jejuni with antimicrobial drug-resistance and virulence properties have prevailed in Incheon. Nevertheless, some particular populations continue to circulate within the community, providing the evidence for an epidemiological link of C. jejuni infections between humans and food-producing animals. Therefore, the continued monitoring and surveillance of C. jejuni isolates of human and food-producing animal origins are required for public health and food safety.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Campylobacter jejuni/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciprofloxacina/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Animais , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Campylobacter jejuni/genética , Campylobacter jejuni/isolamento & purificação , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Vigilância da População , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Virulência/genética , Fatores de Virulência/metabolismo
12.
Epidemiol Infect ; 144(13): 2759-64, 2016 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26830365

RESUMO

An acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreak was reported in May 2013 in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Eight students who had eaten breakfast on 21 May 2013 at a high-school restaurant exhibited AGE symptoms. Our case-control study showed that a strong association was observed between AGE symptoms and fermented oyster consumption. Virological studies also indicated that noroviruses (NoVs) were detected from both clinical samples and fermented oyster samples, and multiple different genotypes (genogroups GII.4, GII.11 and GII.14) of NoVs were present in both samples. The nucleotide sequence similarity between the strains found in the clinical samples and those in the fermented oysters was more than 99·5%. Therefore, to prevent further outbreaks, proper management of raw oysters is necessary and the food industry should be aware of the risk of viral gastroenteritis posed by fermented oysters contaminated with NoVs.


Assuntos
Infecções por Caliciviridae/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Gastroenterite/epidemiologia , Norovirus/fisiologia , Ostreidae/virologia , Frutos do Mar/virologia , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Animais , Infecções por Caliciviridae/virologia , Proteínas do Capsídeo/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Fermentação , Gastroenterite/virologia , Humanos , Filogenia , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Análise de Sequência de RNA
13.
Cell Death Dis ; 6: e2011, 2015 Dec 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26633717

RESUMO

Serum response factor (SRF) is a transcription factor known to mediate phenotypic plasticity in smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Despite the critical role of this protein in mediating intestinal injury response, little is known about the mechanism through which SRF alters SMC behavior. Here, we provide compelling evidence for the involvement of SRF-dependent microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of SMC apoptosis. We generated SMC-restricted Srf inducible knockout (KO) mice and observed both severe degeneration of SMCs and a significant decrease in the expression of apoptosis-associated miRNAs. The absence of these miRNAs was associated with overexpression of apoptotic proteins, and we observed a high level of SMC death and myopathy in the intestinal muscle layers. These data provide a compelling new model that implicates SMC degeneration via anti-apoptotic miRNA deficiency caused by lack of SRF in gastrointestinal motility disorders.


Assuntos
Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Fator de Resposta Sérica/metabolismo , Animais , Apoptose , Diferenciação Celular , Proliferação de Células , Humanos , Intestinos/citologia , Intestinos/patologia , Camundongos , Miócitos de Músculo Liso , Transdução de Sinais
15.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry ; 167(1-3): 316-20, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25948832

RESUMO

Exposure to ionising radiation induces male infertility, accompanied by increasing permeability of the blood-testis barrier. However, the effect on male fertility by low-dose-rate chronic radiation has not been investigated. In this study, the effects of low-dose-rate chronic radiation on male mice were investigated by measuring the levels of tight-junction-associated proteins (ZO-1 and occludin-1), Niemann-Pick disease type 2 protein (NPC-2) and antisperm antibody (AsAb) in serum. BALB/c mice were exposed to low-dose-rate radiation (3.49 mGy h(-1)) for total exposures of 0.02 (6 h), 0.17 (2 d) and 1.7 Gy (21 d). Based on histological examination, the diameter and epithelial depth of seminiferous tubules were significantly decreased in 1.7-Gy-irradiated mice. Compared with those of the non-irradiated group, 1.7-Gy-irradiated mice showed significantly decreased ZO-1, occludin-1 and NPC-2 protein levels, accompanied with increased serum AsAb levels. These results suggest potential blood-testis barrier injury and immune infertility in male mice exposed to low-dose-rate chronic radiation.


Assuntos
Barreira Hematotesticular/lesões , Barreira Hematotesticular/efeitos da radiação , Infertilidade Masculina/imunologia , Exposição à Radiação/efeitos adversos , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/imunologia , Testículo/efeitos da radiação , Animais , Barreira Hematotesticular/imunologia , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , Infertilidade Masculina/etiologia , Infertilidade Masculina/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Doses de Radiação , Lesões por Radiação , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/etiologia , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/patologia
16.
Neuroscience ; 290: 90-102, 2015 Apr 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25637798

RESUMO

The functions of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and the VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) in the nervous system are not well known. In this study, we examined the role of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 in ischemic preconditioning (IPC)-induced tolerance in the mouse hippocampus. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to either severe ischemia (SI) induced by 40 min of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) with or without IPC (5-min BCCAO) or IPC only. Cerebral blood flow was measured during ischemic periods using laser Doppler flowmetry. Neuronal damage was assessed histologically, and VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 expression levels were assessed through immunostaining. Fluoro-Jade B-labeled cells were abundant in the CA1 area 7 days after SI without IPC (sham+SI group), whereas cells were rarely labeled in mice subjected to IPC followed by SI (IPC+SI group). Similarly, the number of neuronal nuclei (NeuN)-positive cells in the CA1 area was significantly lower in the sham+SI group than in the IPC+SI group. Interestingly, we found that sublethal IPC treatment induced prominent VEGF-C expression in the CA1 pyramidal neurons and VEGFR-3 expression in the stratum radiatum and stratum lacunosum moleculare after 3 days of reperfusion that were sustained for 7 days. Moreover, VEGF-C immunoreactivity was also markedly increased, whereas VEGFR-3 expression was sustained in tolerance-acquired CA1 neurons after SI. Application of a VEGFR-3 inhibitor, SAR131675, abolished the IPC-induced neuroprotection in a dose-dependent manner in the mouse hippocampus. These results suggest that VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signaling is associated with IPC-induced hippocampal tolerance to lethal ischemia.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Região CA1 Hipocampal/metabolismo , Precondicionamento Isquêmico/métodos , Neurônios/metabolismo , Fator C de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Receptor 3 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Animais , Isquemia Encefálica/patologia , Região CA1 Hipocampal/efeitos dos fármacos , Região CA1 Hipocampal/patologia , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas , Contagem de Células , Fármacos do Sistema Nervoso Central/farmacologia , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Fluoresceínas , Imunofluorescência , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Naftiridinas/farmacologia , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios/patologia , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Receptor 3 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/antagonistas & inibidores
17.
Int J Dent Hyg ; 13(4): 254-60, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25142953

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the relationship between socio-economic factors and community periodontal treatment needs in Korea. METHODS: Data were obtained from the year 2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Our analysis included 7510 survey participants over the age of 19 years. To assess the relationship between socio-economic factors and the need for periodontal scaling, we performed multivariate logistic regression analyses for data with a complex sampling structure. PASW statistics 19.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used to perform the statistical analyses, and the results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: A very high percentage of Korean adults required periodontal scaling (71.5%). After adjusting for sex, age, and socio-economic factors, the need for periodontal scaling was associated with low levels of education (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.03-1.93), low incomes (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.01-1.60), employment as a service and sales worker (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.10-1.77), and employment as a manual worker (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.02-1.69). CONCLUSIONS: In South Korea, the need for periodontal scaling was associated with socio-economic factors, such as low levels of education, low incomes, employment as a service and sales worker and employment as a manual worker. Consequently, clinical and community dental hygienists should consider adults with these risk factors as belonging to high-priority subgroups to whom they should respond first.


Assuntos
Odontologia Comunitária , Assistência Odontológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Raspagem Dentária/estatística & dados numéricos , Avaliação das Necessidades , Doenças Periodontais/terapia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Doenças Periodontais/epidemiologia , Índice Periodontal , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto Jovem
18.
Ann Oncol ; 26(4): 762-768, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25538174

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether treating brain metastasis before starting systemic chemotherapy can improve survival compared with upfront chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with asymptomatic cerebral oligo-metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We undertook a randomized, controlled trial of 105 patients with one to four brain metastases, admitted to Samsung Medical Center between 2008 and 2013. Patients were randomly assigned to receive stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) (49 patients) followed by chemotherapy or upfront chemotherapy (49 patients). The primary end point was overall survival (OS) and secondary end points included central nervous system (CNS) progression-free survival, progression to symptomatic brain metastasis and brain functional outcome. RESULTS: The median age was 58 years (range, 29-85) with ECOG 0-1 performance status, and 40% of patients were never smokers. Most patients had adenocarcinoma, and about half of patients had only one brain metastasis, while the rest had multiple cerebral metastases. The median OS time was 14.6 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 9.2-20.0] in the SRS group and 15.3 months (95% CI, 7.2-23.4) for the upfront chemotherapy group (P = 0.418). There was no significant difference in time to CNS disease progression [median, 9.4 months (SRS) versus 6.6 months (upfront chemotherapy), P = 0.248]. Symptomatic progression of brain metastases was observed more frequently in the upfront chemotherapy group (26.5%) than the SRS group (18.4%) but without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Although this study included smaller sample size than initially anticipated due to early termination, SRS followed by chemotherapy did not improve OS in oligo-brain metastases NSCLC patients compared with upfront chemotherapy. Further study with large number of patients should be needed to confirm the use of upfront chemotherapy alone in this subgroup of patients. CLINICAL TRIALS NUMBER: NCT01301560.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirurgia , Radiocirurgia , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidade , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Encefálicas/secundário , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/mortalidade , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Taxa de Sobrevida
19.
J Fish Biol ; 85(3): 563-85, 2014 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25040425

RESUMO

Combined results based on morphological characters and analyses of partial sequences of the 16s rRNA and coI genes confirm the validity of a new, cryptic, symphurine tonguefish from the western North Pacific Ocean. Symphurus leucochilus n. sp., a diminutive species reaching sizes to c. 67 mm standard length, is described from nine specimens that were collected from fish-landing ports and from trawls made at c. 150 m off Taiwan and Japan. Symphurus leucochilus shares many similar features with those of Symphurus microrhynchus and that of several undescribed species that are morphologically similar to S. microrhynchus. Symphurus leucochilus has also been misidentified as Symphurus orientalis in fish collections because of shared similarities in some aspects of their morphology. The new species differs from all congeners by the following combination of meristic, morphological and pigmentation features: a predominant 1-2-2-2-2 pattern of interdigitation of proximal dorsal-fin pterygiophores and neural spines; 12 caudal-fin rays; 89-92 dorsal-fin rays; 76-80 anal-fin rays; 49-51 total vertebrae; four hypurals; 75-83 longitudinal scale rows; 32-35 transverse scales; 15-17 scale rows on the head posterior to the lower orbit; absence of a fleshy ridge on the ocular-side lower jaw and a membranous connection between the anterior nostril and lower part of the eye; a narrow interorbital space and dorsal-fin origin anterior to the vertical through the anterior margin of the upper eye; absence of both dermal spots at bases of anterior dorsal-fin rays and melanophores on the isthmus; uniformly yellow to light-brown ocular-side colouration without bands; dorsal and anal fins with alternating series of dark rectangular blotches and unpigmented areas; a uniform white blind side and a bluish-black peritoneum. Despite overall similarities in morphology between S. leucochilus and S. orientalis, as well as between two of the nominal species morphologically similar to S. microrhynchus, analyses of partial 16s rRNA and coI gene sequences show that S. leucochilus, S. orientalis and the two other nominal species represent three distinct lineages within the genus Symphurus.


Assuntos
Linguados/classificação , Nadadeiras de Animais , Animais , Feminino , Linguados/anatomia & histologia , Linguados/genética , Japão , Masculino , Oceano Pacífico , Pigmentação , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Especificidade da Espécie , Taiwan
20.
Diabet Med ; 31(11): 1341-9, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24797920

RESUMO

AIM: To investigate the recovery of thiazolidinedione-induced body weight gain and haematopoietic changes after stopping pioglitazone treatment in patients with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 214 patients divided into three groups according to pioglitazone treatment status. The first study arm included patients who received pioglitazone for 38 months then interrupted this for 10 months (pioglitazone-interruption group). The second arm consisted of patients who received pioglitazone throughout the 48 months (pioglitazone-continuous group); the third arm included patients who had never received pioglitazone therapy (control group). RESULTS: Red blood cell count and haematocrit and haemoglobin levels decreased significantly, while body weight increased in the two pioglitazone-treated groups as compared with the control group at 38 months. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the reductions in red blood cell count/haemoglobin levels were associated with pioglitazone use. In the pioglitazone-interruption group, no recoveries of red blood cells, or haematocrit or haemoglobin levels were observed after stopping pioglitazone for 10 months compared with the pioglitazone-continuous group, but body weight gain decreased to a level that was significantly lower than that in the pioglitazone-continuous group and did not differ significantly from the control group. CONCLUSION: In this study, we observed a reversal of body weight gain but no recoveries in red blood cells or haematocrit or haemoglobin levels after stopping pioglitazone for 10 months in patients treated with pioglitazone for 38 months. This finding should prompt a reconsideration of the sustained effect of thiazolidinediones on the haematopoietic system in patients with Type 2 diabetes.


Assuntos
Anemia/induzido quimicamente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Monitoramento de Medicamentos , Hematopoese/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipoglicemiantes/efeitos adversos , Tiazolidinedionas/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Anemia/complicações , Anemia/epidemiologia , Anemia/prevenção & controle , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Coortes , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Contagem de Eritrócitos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Hematócrito , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sobrepeso/induzido quimicamente , Sobrepeso/complicações , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/prevenção & controle , Pioglitazona , Estudos Retrospectivos , Risco , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Tiazolidinedionas/uso terapêutico , Aumento de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos
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