Micro-CT and Histomorphometric Study of Bone Regeneration Effect with Autogenous Tooth Biomaterial Enriched with Platelet-Rich Fibrin in an Animal Model.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of tooth biomaterials as bone graft biomaterials for bone healing in rabbits. We prepared tooth biomaterial and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to fill the round-shaped defect in the skull of New Zealand white rabbits. These cranial defects were treated with different conditions as follows: group 1, a mixture of tooth biomaterials and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF); group 2, only tooth biomaterials; group 3, only PRF; and group 4, the unfilled control group. Specimens of the filled sites were harvested for analysis with microscopic computerized tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphology at 4 and 8 weeks. As a result of micro-CT, at 4 weeks, the bone volume percentages in groups 1 and 2 were 50.33 ± 6.35 and 57.74 ± 3.13, respectively, and that in the unfilled control group was 42.20 ± 10.53 (p = 0.001). At 8 weeks, the bone volume percentages in groups 1 and 2 were 53.73 ± 9.60 and 54.56 ± 8.44, respectively, and that in the unfilled control group was 37.86 ± 7.66 (p = 0.002). The difference between the experimental group 3 and the unfilled control group was not statistically significant. Histomorphologically, the total new bone was statistically different.

The effects of preoperative intravenous acetaminophen in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.

PURPOSE: Although intravenous acetaminophen is commonly used for the management of postoperative pain, very limited evidence supports the usefulness of preoperative administration. The aim of this study was to determine the analgesic effect of preoperative acetaminophen on opioid consumption, pain scores, and side effects in patients receiving an elective abdominal hysterectomy. METHODS: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed in 76 women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Patients received either acetaminophen 2 g (group A) or placebo (group C) intravenously 30 min before surgery under general anesthesia. Postoperative pain was treated with patient-controlled intravenous hydromorphone 0.2 mg bolus. Hydromorphone consumption, pain scores during rest and movement, and any adverse effects were recorded at 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h after the operation. RESULTS: Overall hydromorphone consumption was significantly lower in group A compared with group C at all the time points (P = 0.013). The total 24-h hydromorphone consumption was reduced by 30% in group A. There was no significant difference in pain scores. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after the operation were significantly lower in group A than in group C (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Premedication with acetaminophen reduced hydromorphone consumption and opioid-related side effect in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy, but did not significantly reduce pain intensity.

The functional TiO2-biodegradable plastic composite material produced by HVOF spraying process.

Photocatalytic TiO2 coatings on bio-degradable plastic(polybutylene succinate: PBS) were prepared by HVOF spraying using three kinds of agglomerated powders (P200: 200 nm, P30: 30 nm, P7: 7 nm). The microstructures of the coatings were characterized with SEM and XRD analysis, and the photocatalytic efficiency of the coatings was evaluated by photo degradation of gaseous acetaldehyde. For both the HVOF sprayed P200 and P30 coatings, high anatase ratio of 100% was achieved, regardless of the fuel gas pressure. On the other hand, for the HVOF sprayed P7 coating, the anatase ratio decreased from 100% to 49.1% with increasing fuel gas pressure. This decrease may be attributed to the much higher susceptibility to heat of the 7 nm agglomerated powders than the 30 nm and 200 nm agglomerated powders. In terms of the photocatalytic efficiency, HVOF sprayed P200 and P30 coatings seemed to outperform the P7 coatings because of their higher anatase ratios. However, the HVOF sprayed P7 coatings did not show photocatalytic activity possibly because of the extremely small reaction surface area to the photo-catalytic activity and low anatase ratio. Therefore, the present study found that functional PBS plastic with photocatalytic performance could be produced by spraying of ceramics such as TiO2.