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Excessive intake of iodine will do harm to human health. In recent years, high iodine groundwater has become a global concern after high arsenic and high fluorine groundwater. A deep understanding of the environmental factors affecting iodine accumulation in groundwater and the mechanism of migration and transformation is the scientific prerequisite for effective prevention and control of iodine pollution in groundwater. The paper comprehensively investigated the relevant literature on iodine pollution of groundwater and summarized the present spatial distribution and hydrochemical characteristics of iodine-enriched groundwater. Environmental factors and hydrogeological conditions affecting iodine enrichment in aquifers are systematically summarized. An in-depth analysis of the hydrologic geochemistry, physical chemistry, biogeochemistry and human impacts of iodine transport and transformation in the surface environment was conducted, the results and conclusions in the field of high iodine groundwater research are summarized comprehensively and systematically. Stable isotope can be used as a powerful tool to track the sources of hydrochemical components, biogeochemistry processes, recharge sources and flow paths of groundwater in hydrogeological systems, to provide effective research methods and means for the study of high iodine groundwater system, and deepen the understanding of the formation mechanism of high iodine groundwater, the application of isotopic technique in high iodine groundwater is also systematically summarized, which enriches the method and theory of high iodine groundwater research. This paper provides more scientific basis for the prevention and control of groundwater iodine pollution and the management of groundwater resources in water-scarce areas.
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Água Subterrânea , Iodo , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Água Subterrânea/química , Iodo/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Isótopos de Iodo/análise , HumanosRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The treatment options for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are limited. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) plays an important role in the treatment of TNBC. The herb pair Scutellaria barbata D.Don and Scleromitrion diffusum (Willd.) R.J.Wang (SH) is commonly used in clinical practice for its anti-tumor properties. It has been proven to have good therapeutic effects on tumor-related diseases, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully explained. AIM OF STUDY: Through bioinformatics, it was validated that IL6, primarily derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), is associated with poor prognosis. Additionally, cell and animal experiments confirmed that SH inhibits tumor proliferation, migration, and growth in an orthotopic tumor model by suppressing the IL6/NF-κB pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS: GEO, TCGA and HPA databases were used to analyze the prognostic value of CAFs and IL6, then IL6 resource was detected. After the bioinformatics, the influence of CAFs and CAFs-derived IL6 on TNBC was verified by experiments both in vitro and in vivo. Cell clone formation assay, wound-Healing assay, and Transwell assay were used to detect the promotion of CAFs and CAFs-derived IL6 and the inhibition of SH in vitro. TNBC model in mice was used to prove the promotion of CAFs and CAFs-derived IL6 and the inhibition of SH in vivo. The biological pathway of NF-κB was explored by western blotting through detecting unique molecules. RESULTS: Bioinformatics analysis revealed that higher proportion of CAFs and elevated level of IL6 were significantly associated with poor prognosis in TNBC. At the same time, IL6 was proved predominantly derived from CAFs. After the indication of bioinformatics, experiments in vitro demonstrated that both CAFs and IL6 could enhance the clone formation and migration ability of MDA-MD-231 cells (231), furthermore, the promotion of CAFs was related with the level of IL6. Based on these data, mechanism was detected that CAFs-derived IL6 enhancement was closely related to the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, while the activation can be reduced by SH. In the end, the promotion of CAFs/CAFs-derived IL6/NF-κB and the efficacy of SH inhibition were both confirmed by experiments in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Bioinformatics data indicates that higher proportion of CAFs and higher level of CAFs-derived IL6 are significantly related to poorer survival of TNBC. CAFs and CAFs-derived IL6 were proved to promote the progression of TNBC both in vitro and in vivo, and the process of which was significantly related to the activation of NF-κB. SH inhibited the progress of TNBC, which was proved to be closely related to CAFs/CAFs-derived IL6/NF-κB.
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BACKGROUND: The combination of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors is an effective treatment strategy in endometrial cancer. We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib as an alternative therapeutic option in patients with previously treated endometrial cancer. METHODS: This single-arm Simon's two-stage phase II trial was conducted at the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer who had failed at least one prior systemic therapy were screened for potential participation. Eligible patients were treated with intravenous camrelizumab (200 mg d1 q2w) and oral apatinib (250 mg qd) every 4 weeks. The primary end point was the objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1 in the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS: Between January 20, 2020, and October 14, 2022, 36 patients (29 with microsatellite stability/mismatch repair proficient [MSS/pMMR] tumors; two with microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair deficient [MSI-H/dMMR] tumors) were enrolled and treated. The confirmed ORR was 44.4% (95% CI: 27.9, 61.9) and the disease control rate was 91.7% (95% CI: 77.5, 98.2). The median duration of response was 9.3 (95% CI: 4.3, not reached) months, the median progression-free survival was 6.2 (95% CI: 5.3, 11.1) months, and the median overall survival was 21.0 (95% CI: 13.4, not reached) months during a median follow-up of 14.2 (interquartile range: 10.3, 27.6) months. Treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or 4 occurred in 20 (55.6%) patients, with the most common being increased γ-glutamyl transferase (27.8%), alanine aminotransferase (16.7%) and aspartate aminotransferase (13.9%), and hypertension (11.1%). No treatment-related death occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Camrelizumab plus apatinib showed promising antitumor activity with manageable toxicity in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer who had failed at least one prior systemic therapy. The findings of this study support further investigation of camrelizumab plus apatinib as an alternative therapeutic option, especially for patients with MSS/pMMR tumors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was retrospectively registered with ChiCTR.org.cn, number ChiCTR2000031932.
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Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados , Neoplasias do Endométrio , Piridinas , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Piridinas/uso terapêutico , Piridinas/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias do Endométrio/tratamento farmacológico , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Adulto , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagemRESUMO
PURPOSE: Risk stratification of regional recurrence (RR) is clinically important in the design of adjuvant treatment and surveillance strategies in patients with clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). This study aimed to develop a radiomics model predicting occult lymph node metastasis (OLNM) using surgical data and apply it to the prediction of RR in SBRT-treated early-stage NSCLC patients. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with clinical stage I NSCLC who underwent curative surgery with systematic lymph node dissection from January 2013 to December 2018 (the training cohort) and from January 2019 to December 2020 (the validation cohort) were included. A preoperative computed tomography-based radiomics model, a clinical feature model, and a fusion model predicting OLNM were constructed. The performance of the 3 models was quantified and compared in the training and validation cohorts. Subsequently, the radiomics model was used to predict RR in a cohort of consecutive SBRT-treated early-stage NSCLC patients from 2 academic medical centers. RESULTS: A total of 769 patients were included. Eight computed tomography features were identified in the radiomics model, achieving areas under the curves of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.81-0.89) and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.80-0.88) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Nevertheless, adding clinical features did not improve the performance of the radiomics model. With a median follow-up of 40.0 (95% CI, 35.2-44.8) months, 32 of the 213 patients in the SBRT cohort developed RR and those in the high-risk group based on the radiomics model had a higher cumulative incidence of RR (P < .001) and shorter regional recurrence-free survival (P = .02), progression-free survival (P = .004) and overall survival (P = .006) than those in the low-risk group. CONCLUSIONS: The radiomics model based on pathologically confirmed data effectively identified patients with OLNM, which may be useful in the risk stratification among SBRT-treated patients with clinical stage I NSCLC.
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The use of upconversion luminescent materials to broaden the utilization range of the solar spectrum to enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic cells offers a promising and sustainable approach. However, the low luminescence intensity and easy quenching of upconversion luminescent materials bring serious challenges to the practical application. Herein, a novel method using Co2+ ion doping to regulate the luminescence properties of NaYF4:Yb/Er/Tm is proposed. NaYF4:Yb/Er/Tm microcrystals doped with different proportions of Co2+ ions are prepared and used as coatings on the surface of photovoltaic cells. Co2+ ions regulate the crystallinity and size of the NaYF4:Yb/Er/Tm microcrystals and reduce the crystal field symmetry of the activator (Er3+ and Tm3+) ions. The results show that the emission intensity of green and red light is 18.19% and 83.24% times higher than that of undoped Co2+ ion materials, respectively. Besides, the efficiency of photovoltaic cells after coating Co2+ ion doped NaYF4:Yb/Er/Tm is 2.08% higher than that of the uncoated one. This work underscores the importance of Co2+ ion doping to improve and enhance the luminescence properties of NaYF4:Yb/Er/Tm, to further enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic cells.
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Converting lignin into specific aromatic chemicals for utilization through depolymerization of lignin is an effective way to achieve high-value applications. There are many depolymerization methods that can do this, but there are problems such as harsh reaction conditions, low depolymerization efficiency and uncontrollable target products that need to be solved. This study reports a novel system for the oxidative depolymerization of alkali lignin using Fe- and Mn- modified TS-1 as a catalyst to assist in the highly selective production of vanillin. We also proposed a possible reaction pathway for the oxidative depolymerization of alkali lignin to produce vanillin catalyzed by Fe-Mn/TS-1 catalyst. The catalytic effects of TS-1, Fe/TS-1, and Fe-Mn/TS-1 catalysts on the oxidative depolymerization of lignin to produce phenolic monomers and vanillin were investigated. The results show that the modified catalysts can effectively improve the efficiency of linkage bond breaking in lignin, especially the ß-O-4 bond, in which the inter-band transitions of Fe and Mn play an important role. The synergistic effect of the bimetallic-loaded catalyst (Fe-Mn/TS-1) could catalyze the oxidative depolymerization of lignin more efficiently than the monometallic-loaded catalyst (Fe/TS-1). This lignin oxidative depolymerization system produced 40.59 wt% bio-oil including 12.24 wt% phenolic monomers and 16.17 wt% re-lignin after the addition of Fe-Mn/TS-1 catalyst, owning the highest phenolic monomer yield. Surprisingly, this lignin oxidative depolymerization system exhibited high yield for vanillin (8.36 wt%) production. These results demonstrated that the Fe-Mn/TS-1 catalytic system has potential to produce vanillin from lignin under mild conditions.
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Benzaldeídos , Ferro , Lignina , Manganês , Oxirredução , Polimerização , Zeolitas , Lignina/química , Benzaldeídos/química , Manganês/química , Catálise , Ferro/química , Zeolitas/químicaRESUMO
Regenerative capabilities of the endothelium rely on vessel-resident progenitors termed endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs). This study aimed to investigate if these progenitors are impacted by conditions (i.e., obesity or atherosclerosis) characterized by increased serum levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), a known inducer of Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EndMT). Our investigation focused on understanding the effects of EndMT on the self-renewal capabilities of progenitors and the associated molecular alterations. In the presence of oxLDL, ECFCs displayed classical features of EndMT, through reduced endothelial gene and protein expression, function as well as increased mesenchymal genes, contractility, and motility. Additionally, ECFCs displayed a dramatic loss in self-renewal capacity in the presence of oxLDL. RNA-sequencing analysis of ECFCs exposed to oxLDL validated gene expression changes suggesting EndMT and identified SOX9 as one of the highly differentially expressed genes. ATAC sequencing analysis identified SOX9 binding sites associated with regions of dynamic chromosome accessibility resulting from oxLDL exposure, further pointing to its importance. EndMT phenotype and gene expression changes induced by oxLDL in vitro or high fat diet (HFD) in vivo were reversed by the silencing of SOX9 in ECFCs or the endothelial-specific conditional knockout of Sox9 in murine models. Overall, our findings support that EndMT affects vessel-resident endothelial progenitor's self-renewal. SOX9 activation is an early transcriptional event that drives the mesenchymal transition of endothelial progenitor cells. The identification of the molecular network driving EndMT in vessel-resident endothelial progenitors presents a new avenue in understanding and preventing a range of condition where this process is involved.
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Lipoproteínas LDL , Fatores de Transcrição SOX9 , Lipoproteínas LDL/metabolismo , Lipoproteínas LDL/farmacologia , Animais , Fatores de Transcrição SOX9/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição SOX9/genética , Camundongos , Humanos , Aterosclerose/metabolismo , Aterosclerose/patologia , Aterosclerose/genética , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Masculino , Células Progenitoras Endoteliais/metabolismo , Células Progenitoras Endoteliais/citologia , Autorrenovação Celular , Células Endoteliais/metabolismoRESUMO
Developing precise tumor cell-specific mitochondrial ferroptosis-related inhibition miRNA imaging methods holds enormous potential for anticancer drug screening and cancer treatment. Nevertheless, traditional amplification methods still tolerated the limited tumor specificity because of the "off-tumor" signal leakage resulting from their "always-active" sensing mode. To overcome this limitation, we herein developed a dual (exogenous 808 nm NIR light and endogenous APE1) activated nanoladder for precise imaging of mitochondrial ferroptosis-related miRNA with tumor cell specificity and improved imaging resolution. Exogenous NIR light-activation can regulate the ferroptosis-related inhibition miRNA imaging signals within mitochondria, and endogenous enzyme-activation can confine signals to tumor cells. Based on this dual activation design, off-tumor signals were greatly reduced and tumor-to-background contrast was enhanced with an improved tumor/normal discrimination ratio, realizing tumor cell-specific precise imaging of mitochondrial ferroptosis-related inhibition miRNA.
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Ferroptose , MicroRNAs , Mitocôndrias , Ferroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/análise , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Animais , Camundongos , Imagem Óptica , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Raios Infravermelhos , Nanopartículas/químicaRESUMO
In the study of the deep learning classification of medical images, deep learning models are applied to analyze images, aiming to achieve the goals of assisting diagnosis and preoperative assessment. Currently, most research classifies and predicts normal and cancer cells by inputting single-parameter images into trained models. However, for ovarian cancer (OC), identifying its different subtypes is crucial for predicting disease prognosis. In particular, the need to distinguish high-grade serous carcinoma from clear cell carcinoma preoperatively through non-invasive means has not been fully addressed. This study proposes a deep learning (DL) method based on the fusion of multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) data, aimed at improving the accuracy of preoperative ovarian cancer subtype classification. By constructing a new deep learning network architecture that integrates various sequence features, this architecture achieves the high-precision prediction of the typing of high-grade serous carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma, achieving an AUC of 91.62% and an AP of 95.13% in the classification of ovarian cancer subtypes.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of exercise on executive function in children, providing an evidence-based foundation to inform future research in school physical education and health education. Methods: We searched ten databases: Cochrane Library, Scopus, OVID, Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCOhost, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, VIP, and SinoMed, and eight articles were included. Applying the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials (RoB2), funnel plots and Egger regression analysis were integrated with R meta-analysis to screen for publication bias. The quality of the evidence was appraised using the Grading system. Results: The included literature contained 2655 participants, with 1308 in the experimental group and 1347 in the control group. The results indicated that the aerobic exercise group considerably improved inhibitory control in children compared to the control group [SMD = 0.29, 95% CI (0.05, 0.54), P = 0.018]; working memory [SMD = 0.25, 95% CI (0.07, 0.42), P = 0.005]; and cognitive flexibility [SMD = 0.36, 95% CI (0.17, 0.54), P < 0.001]. However, the findings indicated that only aerobic exercise interventions extending beyond 50 weeks positively influenced academic performance in children [SMD = 1.19, 95% CI (0.34, 2.04), P = 0.006]. The results of an Egger regression analysis revealed that the p-values for inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and academic performance were more significant than 0.1. The Grade system said that the quality of evidence was all low regarding the level of evidence. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise enhanced executive function but only aerobic exercise interventions extending beyond 50 weeks demonstrated a significant effect on the academic performance of children. Due to the low quality of evidence presented in this study, additional high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
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OBJECTIVE: In order to evaluate the clinical efficacy of coronary endarterectomy (CE) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with diabetes complicated with three diffuse coronary artery stenosis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 460 patients with diabetes mellitus and diffuse three-vessel coronary artery disease who underwent CABG in our department from September 2015 to December 2021. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they underwent CE: the simple CABG group (group A, n = 254) and the CABG combined CE group (group B, n = 206). The perioperative outcomes, recurrent angina pectoris during 1-year follow-up, and the patency rate of the grafted vessel in coronary CT angiography were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the 30 days mortality rate between the two groups (2.3% vs 2.4%, p < 0.05). Group A had a shorter operation time [(3.55 ± 0.59) h versus (4.35 ± 0.65) h], less bypass grafts [(2.72 ± 0.83) versus (3.65 ± 0.72) vessels/case], a lower incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction (7.1% vs 12.6%), and a lower number of patent graft vessels at 1-year follow-up [(2.15 ± 0.42) versus (2.88 ± 0.68) vessels/case] compared with group B (all p < 0.05). Group A had a higher incidence of recurrent angina during follow-up (14.49% vs 6.47%) (p < 0.05). Although there was no significant difference in the incidence of MACCE events between the two groups, the probability of revascularization was higher in group A. CONCLUSION: Compared with single CABG, combined CE in patients with diabetes mellitus and diffuse three-vessel coronary artery disease can achieve more complete revascularization, reduce the recurrence of angina pectoris and the needing of postoperative revascularization, but the incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction is higher.
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AIM: Methylation status of genome varies between pre-acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (pre-ACHBLF), acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (ACHBLF), and chronic hepatitis B patients. This study aimed to find better prognostic indicators for acute-on-chronic liver failure. METHODS: The level of global genome methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected. The overall genome methylation rate was determined using MethylFlash™ Methylated DNA Quantification Kit(Colorimetric). DNMT activity were measured using DNA Methyltransferase Activity/Inhibition Assay Kit. Gene expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT)ï¼methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) were detected by qRT-PCR. RESULTS: The global genome methylation level in ACHBLF group was significantly higher than that in chronic hepatitis B group (P<0.001). There was also obvious difference of the global genome methylation level between pre-ACHBLF group and CHB group (P<0.001). Meanwhile, the activity of DNMT in ACHBLF group was significantly higher than that in chronic hepatitis B group (P<0.001). The mRNA expression level of DNMT1 was higher than that in pre-ACHBLF group (P<0.01) and CHB group (PP<0.001). The mRNA expression level of MBD1 in ACHBLF group was also higher than that in CHB group (P<0.001) and healthy controls (HCs) (P<0.01). And the mRNA expression level of MBD3 and MBD4 in ACHBLF, pre-ACHBLF and CHB group were lower than that in HCs (P<0.001). Meanwhile we observed an opposite change in the mRNA expression level of MECP2. The ROC curve suggested that global genome methylation level was a better prognostic predictor than MELD score in ACHBLF (AUC 0.950, SE 0.0237, 95%CI 0.874-0.986 VS AUC 0.863, SE 0.0439, 95%CI 0.765-0.931, P=0.0429). CONCLUSIONS: Genome methylation level can be a good biomarker in predicting the severity and prognosis of ACHBLF.
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Insuficiência Hepática Crônica Agudizada , Hepatite B Crônica , Humanos , Prognóstico , Insuficiência Hepática Crônica Agudizada/genética , Hepatite B Crônica/complicações , Hepatite B Crônica/genética , Leucócitos Mononucleares , Metilação de DNA/genética , RNA Mensageiro/análise , DNARESUMO
BACKGROUND: Complete resection of all visible lesions during primary debulking surgery is associated with the most favorable prognosis in patients with advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. An accurate preoperative assessment of resectability is pivotal for tailored management. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the potential value of a modified model that integrates the original 8 radiologic criteria of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center model with imaging features of the subcapsular or diaphragm and mesenteric lesions depicted on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and growth patterns of all lesions for predicting the resectability of advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. STUDY DESIGN: This study included 184 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer who underwent preoperative diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging between December 2018 and May 2023 at 2 medical centers. The patient cohort was divided into 3 subsets, namely a study cohort (n=100), an internal validation cohort (n=46), and an external validation cohort (n=38). Preoperative radiologic evaluations were independently conducted by 2 radiologists using both the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center model and the modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model. The morphologic characteristics of the ovarian tumors depicted on magnetic resonance imaging were assessed as either mass-like or infiltrative, and transcriptomic analysis of the primary tumor samples was performed. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: In the study cohort, both the scores derived using the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.980 and 0.959, respectively; both P<.001) and modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based models (intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.962 and 0.940, respectively; both P<.001) demonstrated excellent intra- and interobserver agreement. The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center model (odds ratio, 1.825; 95% confidence interval, 1.390-2.395; P<.001) and the modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model (odds ratio, 1.776; 95% confidence interval, 1.410-2.238; P<.001) independently predicted surgical resectability. The modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model demonstrated improved predictive performance with an area under the curve of 0.867 in the study cohort and 0.806 and 0.913 in the internal and external validation cohorts, respectively. Using the modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model, patients with scores of 0 to 2, 3 to 4, 5 to 6, 7 to 10, and ≥11 achieved complete tumor debulking rates of 90.3%, 66.7%, 53.3%, 11.8%, and 0%, respectively. Most patients with incomplete tumor debulking had infiltrative tumors, and both the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and the modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based models yielded higher scores. The molecular differences between the 2 morphologic subtypes were identified. CONCLUSION: When compared with the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center model, the modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model demonstrated enhanced accuracy in the preoperative prediction of resectability for advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Patients with scores of 0 to 6 were eligible for primary debulking surgery.
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Procedimentos Cirúrgicos de Citorredução , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias Ovarianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Ovarianas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto , Cistadenocarcinoma Seroso/cirurgia , Cistadenocarcinoma Seroso/diagnóstico por imagem , Cistadenocarcinoma Seroso/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Gradação de Tumores , Estudos de Coortes , RadiologistasRESUMO
Objective: To develop and validate a multiparametric MRI-based radiomics model for prediction of microsatellite instability (MSI) status in patients with endometrial cancer (EC). Methods: A total of 225 patients from Center I including 158 in the training cohort and 67 in the internal testing cohort, and 132 patients from Center II were included as an external validation cohort. All the patients were pathologically confirmed EC who underwent pelvic MRI before treatment. The MSI status was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. A total of 4245 features were extracted from T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), contrast enhanced T1-weighted imaging (CE-T1WI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps for each patient. Four feature selection steps were used, and then five machine learning models, including Logistic Regression (LR), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF), were built for MSI status prediction in the training cohort. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the performance of these models. Results: The SVM model showed the best performance with an AUC of 0.905 (95%CI, 0.848-0.961) in the training cohort, and was subsequently validated in the internal testing cohort and external validation cohort, with the corresponding AUCs of 0.875 (95%CI, 0.762-0.988) and 0.862 (95%CI, 0.781-0.942), respectively. The DCA curve demonstrated favorable clinical utility. Conclusion: We developed and validated a multiparametric MRI-based radiomics model with gratifying performance in predicting MSI status, and could potentially be used to facilitate the decision-making on clinical treatment options in patients with EC.
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As the second most abundant biopolymer, lignin remains underutilized in various industrial applications. Various forms of lignin generated from different methods affect its physical and chemical properties to a certain extent. To promote the broader commercial utilization of currently available industrial lignins, lignin sulfonate (SL), kraft lignin (KL), and organosolv lignin (OL) are utilized to partially replace phenol in the synthesis of phenol formaldehyde (PF) adhesives. The impact of lignin production process on the effectiveness of lignin-based phenolic (LPF) adhesives is examined based on the structural analysis of the selected industrial lignin. The results show that OL has more phenolic hydroxyl groups, lower molecular weight, and greater number of reactive sites than the other two types of lignins. The maximum replacement rate of phenol by OL reaches 70% w/w, resulting in organosolv lignin phenolic (OLPF) adhesives with a viscosity of 960 mPa·s, a minimal free formaldehyde content of 0.157%, and a shear strength of 1.84 MPa. It exhibits better performance compared with the other two types of lignin-based adhesives and meets the requirements of national standards.
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Adesivos , Formaldeído , Lignina , Fenol , Fenóis , Lignina/química , Formaldeído/química , Adesivos/química , Fenóis/química , Fenol/química , Estrutura Molecular , Peso Molecular , ViscosidadeRESUMO
Although the ecological risk of emerging contaminants is currently a research hotspot in China and abroad, few studies have investigated the ecological risk of pesticide pollutants in Chinese coastal sediments. In this study, nine pesticide pollutants included in the "List of New Key Pollutants for Control (2023 Edition)" issued by the Chinese government were used as the research objects, and the environmental exposure of pesticide pollutants in China's coastal sediments was analyzed. The baseline sediment quality criteria were deduced using the balanced distribution method, and a multi-level ecological risk assessment of pesticides in sediment was performed. The results showed that the nine pesticide pollutants were widespread in Chinese coastal sediments, with concentrations ranging from 0.01 ng·g-1 to 330 ng·g-1. The risk quotient assessment showed that endosulfan and DDT posed medium environmental risks to the Chinese coastal sediment environment, and PCBs posed medium risks in some bays of the East China Sea. The semi-probabilistic, optimized semi-probability evaluation and joint probability curve (JPC) assessments all show that endosulfan and DDT pose a certain degree of risk to the environment.
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Inspired by iridescent color in natural creations, cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) photonic crystals artificially created by nanotechnology have great application prospects due to their potential to control light propagation in the linear and nonlinear regimes. One of the most important development directions of photonic crystals is the diversification of colors, usually by adjusting the pitch. However, few researchers notice the effect of polymer molecular weight and content on pitch regulation and the interaction between polymer and CNC liquid crystals. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used as polymers to regulate the pitch of CNC photonic crystals and investigate the changes in microstructure, crystal structure, thermal properties, and liquid crystal texture of the composites by changing the PEG content and molecular weight. Different photonic crystal construction systems show that when the molecular weight of PEG is 0.4 k, it can be filled between CNCs to regulate the pitch of photonic crystals, while when the molecular weight of PEG is 20 k, it cannot always be filled between CNCs in evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) process due to the depletion interaction, which cannot effectively regulate the pitch. This study reveals the relationship between PEG and CNC liquid crystals, which supports the development of photonic crystals and the pitch regulation.
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Cristais Líquidos , Nanopartículas , Celulose/química , Polietilenoglicóis/química , Nanopartículas/química , PolímerosRESUMO
Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical benefits of establishing an enteral nutrition (EN) pathway via percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage (PTCD) catheterization in patients with late-stage malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ).Methods: We selected 30 patients diagnosed as having late-stage MOJ with malnutrition. A dual-lumen biliary-enteral nutrition tube was placed via PTCD along with a biliary stent implantation. Postoperative EN was provided, and we observed the time taken for tube placement, its success rate, complications, and therapeutic efficacy.Results: Tube placement was successful in all 30 patients with an average procedural time of 5.7 ± 1.4 min with no tube placement complications. Compared to preoperative measures, there was a significant improvement in postoperative jaundice reduction and nutritional indicators one month after the procedure (p < 0.05). Post-placement complications included tube perileakage in 5 cases, entero-biliary reflux in 4 cases, tube blockage in 6 cases, tube displacement in 4 cases, accidental tube removal in 3 cases, and tube replacement due to degradation in 8 cases, with tube retention time ranging from 42 to 314 days, averaging 124.7 ± 37.5 days. All patients achieved the parameters for effective home-based enteral nutrition with a noticeable improvement in their quality of life.Conclusion: In this study, we found that the technique of establishing an EN pathway via PTCD catheterization was minimally invasive, safe, and effective; the tube was easy to maintain; and patient compliance was high. It is, thus, suitable for long-term tube retention in patients with late-stage MOJ.
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Colangiografia , Drenagem , Nutrição Enteral , Icterícia Obstrutiva , Humanos , Icterícia Obstrutiva/etiologia , Icterícia Obstrutiva/terapia , Icterícia Obstrutiva/cirurgia , Masculino , Feminino , Drenagem/métodos , Nutrição Enteral/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Colangiografia/métodos , Stents , Resultado do Tratamento , Cateterismo/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Desnutrição/etiologia , Desnutrição/terapia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou maisRESUMO
There is significant heterogeneity in individual responses to antipsychotic drugs, but there is no reliable predictor of antipsychotics response in first-episode psychosis. This study aimed to investigate whether psychotic symptom-related alterations in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of white matter (WM) at the early stage of the disorder may aid in the individualized prediction of drug response. Sixty-eight first-episode patients underwent baseline structural MRI scans and were subsequently randomized to receive a single atypical antipsychotic throughout the first 12 weeks. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the eight "core symptoms" selected from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-8). Follow-up assessments were conducted at the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks by trained psychiatrists. LASSO regression model and cross-validation were conducted to examine the performance of baseline symptom-related alterations FA and MD of WM in the prediction of individualized treatment outcome. Fifty patients completed both clinical follow-up assessments by the 8th and 12th weeks. 30 patients were classified as responders, and 20 patients were classified as nonresponders. At baseline, the altered diffusion properties of fiber tracts in the anterior thalamic radiation, corticospinal tract, callosum forceps minor, longitudinal fasciculi (ILF), inferior frontal-occipital fasciculi (IFOF) and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) were related to the severity of symptoms. These abnormal fiber tracts, especially the ILF, IFOF, and SLF, significantly predicted the response to antipsychotic treatment at the individual level (AUC = 0.828, P < 0.001). These findings demonstrate that early microstructural WM changes contribute to the pathophysiology of psychosis and may serve as meaningful individualized predictors of response to antipsychotics.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos , Transtornos Psicóticos , Esquizofrenia , Substância Branca , Humanos , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico por imagem , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Substância Branca/diagnóstico por imagem , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Imagem de Tensor de Difusão , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Anisotropia , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The prognostic significance of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for patients with stage IA micropapillary non-predominant (MPNP) lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of postoperative ACT in patients with stage IA MPNP-LUAD. METHODS: A total of 149 patients with pathological stage IA MPNP-LUAD who underwent surgery at our center were retrospectively analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted to reduce potential selection bias. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to assess the impact of ACT on recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS). Subgroup analyses were performed for the survival outcomes based on the percentage of micropapillary components. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were applied to identify risk factors associated with survival. RESULTS: The receipt or non-receipt of postoperative ACT had no significant effect on RFS, OS, and DSS among all enrolled patients with stage IA MPNP-LUAD (P > 0.05). For patients with a micropapillary component > 5%, the 5-year rates of RFS, OS, and DSS were significantly higher in the ACT group compared to the observation group, both before and after PSM (P < 0.05). However, the differences between the two groups were not significant for patients with a micropapillary component ≤ 5% (P > 0.05). The resection range (HR = 0.071; 95% CI: 0.020-0.251; P < 0.001), tumor size (HR = 2.929; 95% CI: 1.171-7.330; P = 0.022), and ACT (HR = 0.122; 95% CI: 0.037-0.403; P = 0.001) were identified as independent prognostic factors for RFS through Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSION: Patients with stage IA MPNP-LUAD who have a micropapillary component greater than 5% might benefit from postoperative ACT, while those with a micropapillary component ≤ 5% did not appear to derive the same benefit from postoperative ACT.