Rat nasal mucosa-derived ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells: A new therapeutic option for chronic rhinosinusitis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of nasal mucosa-derived ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells (NM-EMSCs) on the inflammatory state of rats with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and the underlying therapeutic mechanism. METHODS: NM-EMSCs were isolated and extracted to construct a rat model of CRS. Fifteen Sprague‒Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: CK + NS group rats were injected locally with saline in the nasal mucosa; CRS + NS group rats were injected locally with saline in the nasal mucosa; and CRS + EMSCs group rats were injected locally with NM-EMSCs in the nasal mucosa. One rat from the CRS + EMSCs group was randomly euthanized at 2, 4, and 6 days after injection, and the nasal mucosa tissues were collected for HE staining, Masson's trichrome staining, and periodic acid-Schiff staining. RESULTS: NM-EMSCs specifically expressing CD73, CD105, and CD90 were successfully isolated from the nasal mucosa of rats and were able to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. After saline and NM-EMSC injection, compared with those in the blank control CK + NS group, the nasal mucosa in the CRS + NS and CRS + EMSC groups exhibited obvious thickening, a large amount of inflammatory cell infiltration, and increased collagen and mucin distribution. Four days post-NM-EMSC injection, the thickening of the nasal mucosa in the CRS group was gradually alleviated, the inflammatory cell infiltration gradually decreased, and the distribution of collagen and mucin and the collagen-positive area gradually decreased. Moreover, only a small number of inflammatory cells were visible, and the distribution of mucins was limited to 6 days post-NM-EMSC injection. CONCLUSION: NM-EMSCs effectively attenuated inflammation in the nasal mucosa of CRS model rats.

Association between attitude towards death and spiritual care competence of Chinese oncology nurses: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUNDS: An understanding of the oncology nurse spiritual care competence would help nurse managers recognize weakness in spiritual practice and improve the quality of spiritual care. But the relationship between attitude towards death and spiritual care competence is unknown. METHODS: We recruited 326 nurses from hospitals in Guangzhou, China. The nurses completed the Chinese Spiritual Care Competence Scale and the Chinese Death Attitude Profile-Revised questionnaires. RESULTS: The total score of spiritual care competence was 61.62 ± 16.10. And the lowest score of attitude towards death was for escape acceptance, 2.64 ± 0.82. Factors associated with nurse spiritual care competence were work department, whether trained in spiritual care, approaching acceptance, and escaping acceptance of attitude towards death. CONCLUSION: Nurses need to perfect their spiritual care competence and establish positive attitudes towards death.

Systematically experimental investigation on carcinogenesis or tumorigenicity of VERO cell lines of different karyotypes in nude mice in vivo used for viral vaccine manufacture.

Many cell lines used for vaccine production have a potentially strong tumorigenic character. Some of those routinely used need to be checked at different passage numbers for this characteristic. Using HeLa cell cultures as positive controls, and primary canine kidney cell (CKC) or feline kidney cell (FKC) cultures purified in vitro on passage three as negative controls, the tumorigenicity of VERO cell sublines was tested in 219 nude mice. The master cell stocks (MCS) and working cell banks (WCB) of eight strains of VERO African green monkey kidney cell (AGMKC) line used for canine, feline and mink vaccine preparation were established in China. The hypo-tetra-ploid JA or hyper-diploid KA strain of VERO line was highly tumorigenic. These data showed a variable chromosome karyotype of VERO line, and contraindicated the use of JA or KA strain of VERO line for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines. JA or KA strain of VERO line could be a substitute for HeLa line as a positive-control malignant tumor (MT) cell model. The non-carcinogenic YB, JC, M and JB strains of VERO line were therefore selected for the preparation of modified live rabies viral vaccine in place of BHK-21. The cell sub-lines are comparatively stable in terms of their heritable characters, and show little significant changes between passages. In summary, we have found that: 1) the tumorigenicity of cell line is different among different-karyotypic cells; 2) it is the genetic characteristics of chromosomes of cell lines that determines their tumorigenicity, but with species-specific carcinogenicity; 3) the chromosome number variation of cell lines has positive relationship with their carcinogenesis; 4) highly variable strains of tumor cell line can be selected quickly and successfully in nude mice by alternate cultivation in vitro and in vivo. Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) was evolved in nude mice inoculated with violently variable HeLa or VERO cells. The importance of assessing the tumorigenicity in cell sublines used for vaccine production is emphasised.

[The porcine alpha1, 3 galactosyltransferase gene siRNA targeted heterozygous hepatocyte negative express GT].

OBJECTIVE: To study whether the porcine alpha1, 3 galactosyltransferase gene siRNA targeted heterozygous hepatocyte negatively expresses GT mRNA and resists to the cytotoxicity of nature antibody in human serum. METHODS: The porcine alpha1, 3 galactosyltransferase gene siRNA targeted vector (pPNTloxPGTsiRNA) were construct with pPNTloxPGT and pMXSV/U6 vector. Positive-negative selection was used to produce a heterozygous pPNTloxPGTsiRNA knockout (+/-) clone. The GT mRNA expressions were detected with northern blot. Complement-mediated NAb cytotoxicity after incubation of hepatocytes with NAbs and complement was determined using 3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium(MTS, tetrazolium salt) colorimetric assay. RESULTS: The pPNTloxPGTsiRNA targeted porcine hepatocyte (+/-) negative express GT mRNA. Only 14% to 18% cytotoxicity can be detected at the highest serum concentration. The pPNTloxPGT targeted porcine hepatocyte (+/-) express GT mRNA just as the wild type porcine cells and the cytotoxicity are 77% to 83%. CONCLUSION: The porcine a1, 3 galactosyltransferase gene siRNA targeted heterozygous hepatocyte (+/-) negative express GT and resisted to nature antibody in human serum.