Photoinduced Metal-Free Decarboxylative Fluoroalkylation of Alkenes for the Synthesis of N-Arylbutanamides and Oxindoles.

The visible light-induced decarboxylative cascade reaction of fluoroalkyl carboxylic acids has been achieved for the efficient synthesis of fluorinated compounds. However, most of the transformations rely on noble iridium metal complex. Herein, a visible light-induced metal-free decarboxylative cascade reaction of fluoroalkyl carboxylic acids has been realized. This protocol features simple operation, transition metal, and good functional group tolerance.

Study on the Efficacy and Safety of the Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction in the Prevention and Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Meta-Analysis of 32 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) still lacks efficient therapeutic drugs. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD) alone or combined with positive drugs on CIPN prevention and treatment. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang Data, China Science and Technology Journal (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical (CBM) databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of HGWD for CIPN prevention and treatment. The search time ranged from database establishment to October 17, 2023. The Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool was used for quality assessment, Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 12.0 were used for meta-analysis, and GRADEprofiler was used for evidence level assessment. Results: A total of 32 RCTs involving 1987 patients were included. The meta-analysis results revealed the following: 1. In terms of the total CIPN incidence, that in the HGWD group was lower than that in the blank control group. The incidence in both the HGWD and HGWD+positive drug groups was lower than that in the monotherapy-positive drug group. 2. In terms of the incidence of severe CIPN, that in the HGWD group was lower than that in the blank control and positive drug groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the HGWD+positive drug and positive drug groups. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the results of severe incidence in the HGWD group was lower than that in the positive drug group were unstable 3. HGWD did not increase the number of chemotherapy-related adverse events. Conclusion: HGWD can safely and effectively prevent CIPN, reduce symptoms, improve quality of life and reduce the impact of chemotherapy drugs on sensory nerve conduction. However, more high-quality RCTs are needed to compare the efficacy of HGWD with that of positive control drugs in preventing severe CIPN.

Targeted Approaches to HER2-Low Breast Cancer: Current Practice and Future Directions.

HER2-low breast cancer (BC) has a poor prognosis, making the development of more suitable treatment an unmet clinical need. While chemotherapy is the main method of treatment for HER2-low BC, not all patients benefit from it. Antineoplastic therapy without chemotherapy has shown promise in clinical trials and is being explored further. As quantitative detection techniques become more advanced, they assist in better defining the expression level of HER2 and in guiding the development of targeted therapies, which include directly targeting HER2 receptors on the cell surface, targeting HER2-related intracellular signaling pathways and targeting the immune microenvironment. A new anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate called T-DM1 has been successfully tested and found to be highly effective in clinical trials. With this progress, it could eventually be transformed from a disease without a defined therapeutic target into a disease with a defined therapeutic molecular target. Furthermore, efforts are being made to compare the sequencing and combination of chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and HER2-targeted therapy to improve prognosis to customize the subtype of HER2 low expression precision treatment regimens. In this review, we summarize the current and upcoming treatment strategies, to achieve accurate management of HER2-low BC.

Primary Pleural Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Highly Positive PD-L1, Shows Marked Response to Camrelizumab: A Case Report.

Here, we reported the rare case of primary pleural squamous cell carcinoma (PPSCC) in a 71-year-old male patient. After chemo and targeted therapies, the patient showed continuous tumor progression and clinical deterioration. Fortunately, the patient had a high expression level of PD-L1 (80%) in the tumor tissues. Ultimately, the patient survived for additional 6 months with camrelizumab treatment. In summary, camrelizumab may be a good candidate for the treatment of PPSCC, especially in tumors with high PD-L1 expression.