Mana Tu: a whanau ora approach to type 2 diabetes.

In 2017, the National Hauora Coalition, a Maori-led Primary Health Organisation (PHO), was awarded a Long-Term Conditions Partnership Research grant to test the effectiveness of Mana Tu: a whanau ora approach to type 2 diabetes. With moves to replicate aspects of it in programmes around New Zealand, it is timely to describe the rationale for Mana Tu and the key components of its unique model of care. Mana Tu was developed in response to current ethnic and social inequities in type 2 diabetes rates, outcomes and wider determinants. It attempts to address various system, service and patient factors that impact on the whanau's ability to 'mana tu' or 'stand with authority' when living with a long-term condition. Results, including clinical, implementation and cost-effectiveness data, will be collected and analysed over the next two years.

Nurse-led school-based clinics for rheumatic fever prevention and skin infection management: evaluation of Mana Kidz programme in Counties Manukau.

AIM: To evaluate registered nurse-led school clinics in 61 primary and intermediate schools in Counties Manukau. METHODS: The evaluation (conducted August­December, 2014) collated evidence concerning service delivery, outcomes, value for money and effectiveness. RESULTS: 97% (23,756/24,497) of eligible children were consented, 11% (20,696/191,423) of throat swabs taken (February 2013­September 2014) were culture positive for Group A Streptococcus (GAS); 20,176 were treated. Mana Kidz teams treated (includes cleaning and covering alone) 17,593 skin infections and actioned 4,178 school health referrals. A pre-programme cross sectional GAS pharyngeal prevalence demonstrated a relative risk 1.8 (1.3­2.3) (95%CI) of being pharyngeal GAS positive in 2013 compared to 2014. Hospitalisations for acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and skin infections for children aged 5­12 years living in Counties Manukau are declining and this appears to be temporally related to the introduction of the Mana Kidz programme. Effective engagement with children, parents/ whanau and improved health literacy was demonstrated, especially knowledge about sore throats, ARF, medication adherence and skin infection. The programme was delivered at $280 per participating child in the 2013/14 financial year. CONCLUSION: Mana Kidz is an effective programme with a substantial contribution to health care for children, aged 5­12 years, identified at increased risk of poor health outcomes.

Stimulus-response compatibilities during top-bottom discriminations.

Participants indicated whether a small dot was located near the top or bottom pole of a rotated object. Response times increased as a function of object orientation more for top trials than for bottom trials. The interaction between orientation and response was shown to be due to a relationship between response times and the dot's height on the screen. The orientation effect was influenced, positively and negatively, by a vertical arrangement of the response keys depending on whether the upper or lower key was used for the top response. Horizontal key placement produced an intermediate orientation effect, with asymmetries of about 180 degrees depending on which hand was used for top responses. This task appears to reflect spatial stimulus-response compatibilities more than object processing.