Association between breast-feeding duration and posterior crossbites.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between breast-feeding duration and the subsequent occurrence of posterior crossbite in Brazilian children. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 714 six- to nine-year-old children. A questionnaire was completed by mothers or guardians of the children concerning the length of time they were exclusively breast-fed and the breast-feeding duration. A clinical examination of each child was conducted to detect posterior crossbite. Data were analyzed using Pearson's chi-square test at a five percent significance level. RESULTS: There was a posterior crossbite prevalence of approximately 15 percent. There was no statistically significant association between posterior crossbite and age or gender ( P >.05). The prevalence of posterior crossbite was higher among children who were not breast-fed (28 percent) than among breast-fed children (13 percent). There was a significant association between posterior crossbite and the length of time that children were exclusively breast-fed and the breast-feeding duration ( P <.05 percent). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of posterior crossbite gradually decreased as exclusive breast-feeding duration increased, and there was a relationship between breast-feeding duration and the occurrence of posterior crossbite.

Association between breastfeeding and the development of breathing patterns in children.

UNLABELLED: The aims of the present study were to evaluate the association between breastfeeding and breathing development and to investigate associations between breastfeeding duration and the breathing patterns in children. A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Institute of Integrative Medicine Professor Fernando Figueira, Recife, Brazil, with a random sample of 732 children aged between 6 and 9 years. Breastfeeding and breathing patterns were identified using a questionnaire that was filled out by mothers or guardians, and a clinical examination of the children. Data were analyzed statistically by Pearson's chi-square test at 5 % significance level. The prevalence of mouth breathing was 48 %, whereas 52 % of the children were nasal breathers. Six hundred-forty children were breastfed; 46.2 % of them were mouth breathers and 53.8 % were nasal breathers. Ninety-two children were not breastfed; 59.8 % of them were mouth breathers and 40.2 % were nasal breathers. Breastfeeding for 24 months or more, as well as exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months, was associated with the development of nasal breathing. CONCLUSIONS: Extended breastfeeding was associated with correct development of the breathing pattern.

Relação entre tipo de arco, espaço primata e cárie / Relationship between the arcade baume, primate space and the caries

Este estudo piloto teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre cárie dentária, espaço primata e tipo de arco em crianças com dentição decídua. A amostra foi composta por 21 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de três a cinco anos que compareceram por livre demanda no ano de 2009 à Clinica de Odontopediatria do Curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Para registro do tipo de arco foi adotado a classificação de Baume (tipo I com diastemas e tipo II sem diastemas) e para a cárie o índice ceo-d. Os dados foram coletados nas fichas clínicas dos pacientes e nos modelos de gesso das arcadas. Foi utilizado o Epi Info 6.04 para análise de dados. Pode-se concluir que o arco tipo II foi o mais frequente (71,4%) na amostra estudada, onde 100% dos pacientes apresentaram experiência de cárie. Não houve associação estatística entre o índice de cárie e o tipo de arco de acordo com Baume. Porém, ao relacionar o tipo de arco com a localização da lesão de cárie, houve um aumento de lesão interproximal nos pacientes com arco tipo II. A ausência de espaços primatas estava relacionado ao aumento do índice ceo-d e de lesão de cárie interproximal

This pilot study aimed to verify the Relation of dental caries, primate space and type of arch in children with primary dentition. The sample consisted of 21 patients of both genders, aged between three and five years, which spontaneously appeared to the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of the Dentistry Course at Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. We adopted the Baume’s classification to record the type of arch (type I - with spacing and type II - without spacing) and used the dmft index for registration of caries. The data were collected from the dental records of patients and dental casts ofthe arcades. The Epi Info 6.04 software was used for the data analysis. The study concluded that the arch type II was the most frequently found in the sample, appearing in 71.4 % of the cases. All of the children had previous caries experience. No statistical association was found between the dmft index and the Baume’s arch classification. In spite of that, relating the arch type to the location of the caries lesion, it could be detected an increase of interproximal lesion among the surveyed children that presented the arch type II. The absence of primate spaces was related to the increase of the ceo-d index and interproximal caries lesion

Prevalência de cáries em crianças e cuidadores de uma creche em Recife / Prevalence of caries in children and caregivers of a day care center in Recife

Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência de cárie na população infantil e adulta de um Centro Educacional, localizado no bairro da Várzea, na cidade do Recife. Os dados foram coletados por três examinadoras através de exame clínico com espátula de madeira, no ambiente escolar, em cadeira convencional e luz natural. O índice Kappa de concordância interexaminador foi maior que 0,8. A amostra constou de 59 crianças com idades até 5 anos e 40 adultos, cuidadores, com idade entre 18 e 55 anos. Verificou-se um ceo-d médio para as crianças de 0,42 e um CPO-D médio para os cuidadores de 12,57. Do total de crianças examinadas, 16,4% apresentaram experiência de cárie, assim como 97,5% dos cuidadores avaliados.

This study aimed to determine the caries? prevalence in children and adults of an Educational Center, located in the Várzea?s neighborhood, in the city of Recife. Six examiners collected data, wich was made by clinical examination with wooden spatula, in the school environment, conventional chairs and natural light. The Kappa index of inter-rater agreement was greater than 0.8. The sample consisted of 59 children aged up to five years and 40 adults, carers, aged between 18 and 55 years. There was a mean DMFT (ceo-d) for children of 0.42 and a mean DMFT (CPOD) for caregivers of 12.57. Of the children examined, 16.4% had caries experience, as well as 97.5% of the caregivers assessed.