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In the original publication [...].
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BACKGROUND: To explore the neuroprotective mechanism of artemisinin against ischemic stroke from the perspective of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. METHODS: Serum metabolomics technology was used to analyze the serum samples of mice, and KEGG metabolic pathway was analyzed for the different metabolites in the samples. PIT model and OGD/R model were used to simulate ischemic stroke damage in vivo and in vitro. Hoechst 33342 staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and TUNEL staining were used to detect the pyroptosis rate of cells. The contents of IL-1ß and IL-18 in PC12 cells and serum of mice were detected by ELISA. The expressions of NLRP3, ASC-1, Caspase-1 and TXNIP in PC12 cells and mouse brain tissue were detected by Western Blot. RESULTS: Serum metabolic profiles of animal models identified 234 different metabolites and 91 metabolic pathways. Compared with the Sham group and the Stroke+ART group, the KEGG pathway in the Stroke group was concentrated in the Necroptosis pathway associated with cell growth and death, and the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis pathway was activated in the Necroptosis pathway after ischemic stroke. The results of in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that pretreatment with 10⯵M artemisinin reduced ROS production, decreased Δψm, reduced pyroptosis, maintained neuronal cell morphology, and down-regulated the contents of IL-1ß and IL-18 as well as the expression of key proteins of NLRP3, ASC-1, Caspase-1 and TXNIP(p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Artemisinin can reduce neuronal pyroptosis induced by ischemic stroke by inhibiting ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway.
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Artemisininas , Proteínas de Transporte , Caspase 1 , AVC Isquêmico , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR , Piroptose , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Transdução de Sinais , Animais , Piroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/metabolismo , Caspase 1/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , AVC Isquêmico/tratamento farmacológico , AVC Isquêmico/metabolismo , AVC Isquêmico/patologia , Artemisininas/farmacologia , Camundongos , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Células PC12 , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratos , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Inflamassomos/metabolismo , Inflamassomos/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , TiorredoxinasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The effects of heat acclimation (HA) on the hypothalamus after exertional heatstroke (EHS) and the specific mechanism have not been fully elucidated, and this study aimed to address these questions. METHODS: In the present study, rats were randomly assigned to the control, EHS, HA, or HA + EHS groups (n = 9). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to examine pathology. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis was utilized to explore the impact of HA on the protein expression profile of the hypothalamus after EHS. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the functions of the differentially expressed proteins. The differential proteins were validated by western blotting. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the serum. RESULTS: The H&E staining (n = 5) results revealed that there were less structural changes in hypothalamus in the HA + EHS group compared with the EHS group. Proteomic analysis (n = 4) revealed that proinflammatory proteins such as argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1), high mobility group protein B2 (HMGB2) and vimentin were evidently downregulated in the HA + EHS group. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-1, and IL-8 were decreased in the serum samples (n = 3) from HA + EHS rats. CONCLUSIONS: HA may alleviate hypothalamic damage caused by heat attack by inhibiting inflammatory activities, and ASS1, HMGB2 and vimentin could be candidate factors involved in the exact mechanism.
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Golpe de Calor , Hipotálamo , Proteômica , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Animais , Hipotálamo/metabolismo , Golpe de Calor/metabolismo , Ratos , Masculino , Esforço Físico/fisiologia , Modelos Animais de DoençasRESUMO
Lignin accumulation can enhance the disease resistance of young tea shoots (Camellia sinensis). It also greatly reduces their tenderness, which indirectly affects the quality and yield of tea. Therefore, the regulation of lignin biosynthesis appears to be an effective way to balance tenderness and disease resistance in young tea shoots. In this study, we identified a laccase gene, CsLAC17, that is induced during tenderness reduction and gray blight infection in young tea shoots. Overexpression of CsLAC17 significantly increased the lignin content in transgenic Arabidopsis, enhancing their resistance to gray blight and decreasing stem tenderness. In addition, we found that CsLAC17 was negatively regulated by the upstream CsmiR397a by 5'-RLM-RACE, dual-luciferase assay, and transient expression in young tea shoots. Interestingly, the expression of CsmiR397a was inhibited during tenderness reduction and gray blight infection of young tea shoots. Overexpression of CsmiR397a reduced lignin accumulation, resulting in decreased resistance to gray blight and increased stem tenderness in transgenic Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the transient overexpression of CsmiR397a and CsLAC17 in tea leaves directly confirms the function of the CsmiR397a-CsLAC17 module in lignin biosynthesis and its effect on disease resistance. These results suggest that the CsmiR397a-CsLAC17 module is involved in balancing tenderness and gray blight resistance in young tea shoots by regulating lignin biosynthesis.
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Objective: This study aimed to conduct the first meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of Xiaochaihu Decoction in treating Cancer-related Fever (CRF). Methods: Eight databases were systematically searched in September 2023. The risk of bias (ROB) 2.0 tool recommended by Cochrane Handbook was applied to evaluate the ROB of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Additionally, the quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) tool. Results: We included 18 RCTs involving 1,424 patients. Compared to Western medicine or Xinhuang Tablets, Xiaochaihu Decoction significantly improved clinical effectiveness in CRF patients (risk ratio [RR] = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17, 1.32) and expedited the normalization of body temperature (mean difference [MD] = -5.29, 95%CI: -5.59, -4.99). It also demonstrated a reduction in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels (MD = -0.63, 95%CI: -0.84, -0.41) and an increase in IL-2 levels (MD = 1.42, 95%CI: -1.09, 1.74). Analysis of Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) scores showed that the use of Xiaochaihu Decoction improved the quality of life in CRF patients (RR = 1.57, 95%CI: 1.11, 2.22) and reduced the incidence of adverse events. However, it is important to note that the majority of included studies showed "some concerns" in risk of bias based on ROB 2.0, and the evidence quality assessed by GRADE method was rated as "low". Conclusion: While this study suggests the clinical effectiveness and safety of Xiaochaihu Decoction in treating patients with CRF, confirming these findings will necessitate additional high-quality, large-scale RCTs in future research. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023484068.
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Monitoring health-related biomarkers using fast and facile detection techniques provides key physicochemical information for disease diagnosis or reflects body health status. Among them, electrochemical detection of various bio-macromolecules, e.g., the C-reactive protein (CRP), is of great interest in offering potential diagnosis for acute inflammation caused by infections, heart diseases, etc. Herein, a novel electrochemical aptamer biosensor was constructed from Ti3C2Tx MXene and in-situ reduced Au NPs for thiolated-RNA aptamer immobilization and CRP protein detection using Fc(COOH) as the signal probe. The sensory performances for CRP detection were optimized based on working conditions, including the incubation times and the pH. The large surface area offered by Ti3C2Tx MXene and high electrical conductivity originating from Au NPs endowed the as-fabricated aptamer biosensor with a decent sensitivity for CRP in a wide linear range of 0.05-80.0 ng/mL, good selectivity over interfering substances, and a low detection limit of 0.026 ng/mL. Such aptamer biosensors also detected CRP in serum samples using the spike & recovery method with reasonable recovery rates. The results demonstrated the potential of the as-fabricated electrochemical aptamer biosensor for fast and facile CRP detection in practical applications.
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Aptâmeros de Nucleotídeos , Técnicas Biossensoriais , Proteína C-Reativa , Técnicas Eletroquímicas , Compostos Ferrosos , Ouro , Metalocenos , Aptâmeros de Nucleotídeos/química , Técnicas Biossensoriais/métodos , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Compostos Ferrosos/química , Técnicas Eletroquímicas/métodos , Metalocenos/química , Humanos , Ouro/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Limite de DetecçãoRESUMO
Purpose: Bullying victimization is a serious issue among college students, which might affect the development of their social behaviors. Based on the theory of stress and coping and emotion regulation theory, the present study examined the mediating role of self-compassion and trauma-related shame between bullying victimization and cyber aggression/prosocial behavior. Patients and Methods: We gathered self-reporting data on bullying victimization, self-compassion, trauma-related shame, cyber aggression, and prosocial behavior from 634 college students in China using a three-wave longitudinal design survey. Structural equation modeling was used to test temporal mediation. Results: The results showed that bullying victimization predicted cyber aggression and prosocial behavior via trauma-related shame and the chain effect of self-compassion and trauma-related shame. Moreover, self-compassion also mediated the relationship between bullying victimization and prosocial behavior. Conclusion: The study revealed the different emotional processes that underlie both bullying victimization and different social behaviors. It also contributes to more effective prevention and intervention measures for the social adaptation of bullied students.
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Sulfur-containing fuels, such as petroleum fuels, natural gas, and biofuels, produce SO2, SO3, and other highly toxic gases upon combustion, which are harmful to human health and the environment, making it essential to understand their thermochemical properties. This study used high-level quantum chemistry calculations to determine thermodynamic parameters, including entropy, enthalpy, and specific heat capacity for an extensive set of sulfur-containing species. The B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level of theory was used for geometry optimization, vibration frequency, and dihedral scan calculations. To determine an appropriate ab initio method for energy calculation, the Bland-Altman diagram, a statistical analysis method, was employed to visualize the 298 K enthalpy value between experimental data and three sets of ab initio methods: G3, CBS-QB3, and the average of G3 plus CBS-QB3. The CBS-QB3 method exhibited the highest accuracy and was eventually selected for the energy calculation in this study. Thermochemical property parameters were then calculated with the MultiWell program suite for all these sulfur-containing species, and the results were in good agreement with the thermochemical data of organic compounds and the National Institute of Standards and Technology Chemistry WebBook databases. The thermochemical property database established in this study is essential to studying sulfur-containing species in desulfurization.
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Introduction: Radon (222Rn or 222radon) is a radioactive gas emitted from building materials, foundations, and soil. Children are especially susceptible to radon exposure, underscoring the need to assess indoor radon levels in kindergartens. This study monitored radon concentrations in 37 Beijing kindergartens from June to October 2023. Methods: A random sample of 37 kindergartens was selected from 18 administrative districts in Beijing. The indoor radon concentration was measured using the solid track accumulation method, with radon detectors continuously monitored over a 3-month period. Results: The mean indoor radon level in 37 kindergartens, observed at 252 monitoring points, was 84.3 Bq/m3, with values varying from 12.9 to 263.5 Bq/m3. About 20.2% of points showed radon levels between 100.0 and 200.0 Bq/m3, while 2.4% exceeded 200.0 Bq/m3. Notably, radon levels were significantly elevated on the ground floor compared to the upper floors. Conclusion: Indoor radon levels in 37 kindergartens remained below the national standard limit of 300.0 Bq/m3 for buildings (GB/T 16146-2015). Nonetheless, 18.9% of the kindergartens exceeded the 100.0 Bq/m3 limit set for new constructions. It is advised to improve radon monitoring in kindergartens and consider developing a national standard for maximum permissible radon levels in such facilities.
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The Taihe Black-Bone silky fowl chicken (BB-sfc) is a renowned dietary and medicinal chicken globally recognized for its high nutritional and medicinal value. Compared to the local Black-Bone black-feathered chicken (BB-bfc), the Taihe silky fowl chicken has higher levels of amino acids, trace elements, and unsaturated fatty acids in their muscles, which offer anti-aging, anti-cancer, and immune enhancing benefits. Despite this, the unique nutritional components, genes, and proteins in Taihe silky fowl chicken muscles are largely unknown. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome and proteome analysis of muscle development between BB-sfc and BB-bfc chickens using RNA-Seq and TMT-based quantitative proteomics methods. RNA-Seq analysis identified 286 up-regulated genes and 190 down-regulated genes in BB-sfc chickens, with oxidoreductase activity and electron transfer activity enriched in up-regulated genes, and phospholipid homeostasis and cholesterol transporter activity enriched in down-regulated genes. Proteome analysis revealed 186 significantly increased and 287 significantly decreased proteins in Taihe BB-sfc chicken muscles, primarily affecting mitochondrial function and oxidative phosphorylation, crucial for enhancing muscle antioxidant capacity. Integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis identified 6 overlapped up-regulated genes and 8 overlapped down-regulated genes in Taihe silky fowl chicken, related to improved muscle antioxidant status. Taken together, this research provides a comprehensive database of gene expression and protein information in Taihe Black-Bone silky fowl chicken muscles, aiding in fully exploring their unique economic value in the future.
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Galinhas , Proteoma , Animais , Galinhas/genética , Proteoma/genética , Transcriptoma , Seda/genética , Antioxidantes , Músculos , ChinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: As a type of biological control agent (BCA), Bacillus velezensis possesses the efficacy of inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms, promoting plant growth, and overcoming continuous cropping obstacles (CCOs). However, there is limited reporting on the optimization of the cultivation conditions for such biocontrol agents and their role as double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery vectors. RESULTS: In this study, a Bacillus velezensis strain HS-3 was isolated from the root zone of tomato plants with in vitro anti-Botrytis cinerea activity. The investigation into active compounds revealed that HS-3 predominantly employs proteins with molecular weights greater than 3 kDa for its antifungal activity. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified various proteases and chitosanase, further suggesting that HS-3 most likely employs these enzymes to degrade fungal cell walls for its antifungal effect. To optimize the production of extracellular proteins, fermentation parameters for HS-3 were systematically optimized, leading to an optimized medium (OP-M). HS-3 cultured in OP-M demonstrated enhanced capacity to assist tomato plants in withstanding CCOs. However, the presence of excessive nematodes in diseased soil resulted in the disease severity index (DSI) remaining high. An RNA interference mechanism was further introduced to HS-3, targeting the nematode tyrosine phosphatase (TP) gene. Ultimately, HS-3 expressing dsRNA of TP in OP-M effectively assisted tomatoes in mitigating CCOs, reducing DSI to 2.2% and 17.8% of the control after 45 and 90 days of growth, respectively. CONCLUSION: The advantages of Bacillus velezensis in crop disease management and the mitigation of CCOs become even more pronounced when utilizing both optimized levels of endogenous enzymes and introduced nematode-targeting dsRNA. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Bacillus , Resistência à Doença , Doenças das Plantas , RNA de Cadeia Dupla , Solanum lycopersicum , Solanum lycopersicum/microbiologia , Solanum lycopersicum/parasitologia , Bacillus/fisiologia , Bacillus/genética , Bacillus/metabolismo , RNA de Cadeia Dupla/metabolismo , Doenças das Plantas/prevenção & controle , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Doenças das Plantas/parasitologia , Animais , Botrytis , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Agentes de Controle Biológico/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/metabolismoRESUMO
Persimmon anthracnose, a severe disease caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum horii, poses a substantial threat to China's persimmon industry. Previous research showed that 'Kangbing Jianshi' cultivar exhibits strong resistance to anthracnose. Notably, 'Kangbing Jianshi' branches exhibit greater lignification compared with the susceptible 'Fuping Jianshi' cultivar. In this study, higher lignin content was observed in 'Kangbing Jianshi' compared with 'Fuping Jianshi', and this difference was associated with disease resistance. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that the majority of differentially expressed genes and differentially accumulated metabolites were primarily enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and lignin synthesis pathways. Furthermore, significant upregulation of DkCAD1, a pivotal gene involved in lignin metabolism, was observed in the resistant cultivar when inoculated with C. horii. Transient overexpression of DkCAD1 substantially increased lignin content and improved resistance to C. horii in a susceptible cultivar. Furthermore, through yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays, we identified two WRKY transcription factors, DkWRKY8 and DkWRKY10, which interacts with the DkCAD1 promoter and induces its activity. Overexpression of DkWRKY8 and DkWRKY10 not only increased leaf lignin content but also enhanced persimmon tolerance to C. horii. Moreover, the expression levels of DkCAD1, DkWRKY8, and DkWRKY10 were significantly increased in response to salicylic acid and jasmonic acid in the resistant cultivar. These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular functions of DkWRKY8, DkWRKY10, and DkCAD1 in persimmons, as well as their involvement in molecular breeding processes in persimmons.
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There is currently no established method for evaluating human response timing across a range of naturalistic traffic conflict types. Traditional notions derived from controlled experiments, such as perception-response time, fail to account for the situation-dependency of human responses and offer no clear way to define the stimulus in many common traffic conflict scenarios. As a result, they are not well suited for application in naturalistic settings. We present a novel framework for measuring and modeling response times in naturalistic traffic conflicts applicable to automated driving systems as well as other traffic safety domains. The framework suggests that response timing must be understood relative to the subject's current (prior) belief and is always embedded in, and dependent on, the dynamically evolving situation. The response process is modeled as a belief update process driven by perceived violations to this prior belief, that is, by surprising stimuli. The framework resolves two key limitations with traditional notions of response time when applied in naturalistic scenarios: (1) The strong situation dependence of response timing and (2) how to unambiguously define the stimulus. Resolving these issues is a challenge that must be addressed by any response timing model intended to be applied in naturalistic traffic conflicts. We show how the framework can be implemented by means of a relatively simple heuristic model fit to naturalistic human response data from real crashes and near crashes from the SHRP2 dataset and discuss how it is, in principle, generalizable to any traffic conflict scenario. We also discuss how the response timing framework can be implemented computationally based on evidence accumulation enhanced by machine learning-based generative models and the information-theoretic concept of surprise.
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Condução de Veículo , Percepção do Tempo , Humanos , Acidentes de Trânsito/prevenção & controle , Tempo de Reação , HeurísticaRESUMO
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in females worldwide. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified CC-related susceptibility loci in HLA regions. To investigate the associations between HLA genes and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer (CC), six loci of HLA class I (HLA-A, -B, and -C) and II (HLA-DRB1, -DPB1, and -DQB1) were selected for genotyping, and the associations between these alleles or their haplotypes with CIN or CC risk or protection from disease were evaluated. In total, 2193 participants, including 909 healthy individuals in the control group, 769 patients with CC, and 515 patients with CIN2+ (CIN II and III), were enrolled in the current study. HLA genes were genotyped using the NGSgo Illumina MiSeq workflow, and the associations between these loci and CIN2+ or CC at the allele and haplotype levels were analyzed. The allele frequencies of HLA-A*33:03, B*58:01, C*03:02, DPB1*05:01, and DRB1*12:01 were lower in both the CC and CIN2+ groups than in the control group, whereas those of B*55:02, C*04:03, and DPB1*03:01 were higher in the CC group than in the control group. In the histologic CC type analysis, the differences in the frequencies of these alleles in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix and stage I CC showed a consistent trend. In the haplotype analysis, the frequency of A*33:03-C*03:02-B*58:01 was lower in the CC and CIN2+ groups than in the control group, and that of A*24:02-C*04:03-B*15:25 was higher in the CC group than in both the control and CIN2+ groups. These three different haplotype frequencies were also identified in the FIGO CC stage analysis. In addition, in human papilloma virus (HPV) genotype analyses, the frequencies of HLA-C*03:02 and DPB1*05:01 were significantly lower in the CC and CIN2+ groups than in the control group, and in SCC subgroup, the frequencies of HLA-DQB1*04:01 and DRB1*04:05 were higher in the HPV other genotype infection group than in the HPV16 infection group. In both HPV16 single infection and coinfection with other HPVs, the frequency of haplotype A*33:03-C*03:02-B*58:01 was lower in both CC and CIN2+ than in the control group, while the frequencies of A*11:01-C*14:02-B*51:01 and A*24:02-C*03:04-B*13:01 were higher in the CIN2+ than in CC and the control group. In the HPV16 and other HPV infection comparisons, the frequencies of DRB1*04:05-DQB1*04:01-DPB1*02:01 and DRB1*11:01-DQB1*03:01-DPB1*05:01 were lower in the HPV16 infection group than in the other HPV infection group. Our results suggest that the HLA class I and II genes may affect the risk of CIN and CC as well as the histologic CC types and FIGO stages of CC in the Han Chinese population. In addition, HLA genes were associated with HPV16 infection at both the allelic and haplotype levels.
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Infecções por Papillomavirus , Displasia do Colo do Útero , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/genética , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Alelos , Frequência do Gene , Cadeias beta de HLA-DQ/genética , Cadeias HLA-DRB1/genética , Haplótipos , Displasia do Colo do Útero/genética , Antígenos HLA-A/genética , ChinaRESUMO
4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) is considered a priority organic pollutant with high toxicity. Many authors have been committed to developing efficient, green, and environmentally friendly technological processes to treat wastewater containing 4-NP. Here, we investigated how the addition of Ca2+ affects the catalytic degradation of 4-NP with AgInS2 when exposed to light. We synthesized AgInS2 (AIS) and Ca2+-doped AgInS2 (Ca-AIS) with varying amounts of Ca2+ using a low-temperature liquid phase method. The SEM, XRD, XPS, HRTEM, BET, PL, and UV-Vis DRS characteristics were employed to analyze the structure, morphology, and optical properties of the materials. The effects of different amounts of Ca2+ on the photocatalytic degradation of 4-NP were investigated. Under visible light illumination for a duration of 120 min, a degradation rate of 63.2% for 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) was achieved. The results showed that doping with an appropriate amount of Ca2+ could improve the visible light catalytic activity of AIS. This work provides an idea for finding suitable cheap alkaline earth metal doping agents to replace precious metals for the improvement of photocatalytic activities.
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OBJECTIVE: This study explores subjective and objective driving style similarity to identify how similarity can be used to develop driver-compatible vehicle automation. BACKGROUND: Similarity in the ways that interaction partners perform tasks can be measured subjectively, through questionnaires, or objectively by characterizing each agent's actions. Although subjective measures have advantages in prediction, objective measures are more useful when operationalizing interventions based on these measures. Showing how objective and subjective similarity are related is therefore prudent for aligning future machine performance with human preferences. METHODS: A driving simulator study was conducted with stop-and-go scenarios. Participants experienced conservative, moderate, and aggressive automated driving styles and rated the similarity between their own driving style and that of the automation. Objective similarity between the manual and automated driving speed profiles was calculated using three distance measures: dynamic time warping, Euclidean distance, and time alignment measure. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine how different components of the stopping profile and the three objective similarity measures predicted subjective similarity. RESULTS: Objective similarity using Euclidean distance best predicted subjective similarity. However, this was only observed for participants' approach to the intersection and not their departure. CONCLUSION: Developing driving styles that drivers perceive to be similar to their own is an important step toward driver-compatible automation. In determining what constitutes similarity, it is important to (a) use measures that reflect the driver's perception of similarity, and (b) understand what elements of the driving style govern subjective similarity.
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Condução de Veículo , Humanos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Automação , Acidentes de TrânsitoRESUMO
C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune cell activation and migration as well as the progression of many cancers. We performed an in silico analysis using public data resources and found that the lung cancer patients with higher CCR5 expression had a notably better overall survival than those with lower CCR5 expression patients and CCR5 expression level is positive correlated with the infiltration of immune cells, such as B, CD8+ T and CD4+ T cells, in both lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell cancer. In the present study, we investigated the association between the promoter polymorphism of CCR5 and nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A case-control study of 449 NSCLC patients and 516 controls of Chinese Han population was conducted, along with polymorphism detection using a sequencing method. A dual-luciferase reporter assay system was used to analyse the transcriptional activity of CCR5 promoter variations. Our results showed that the frequency of rs1799987-AA was significantly higher in the NSCLC group than in the controls in recessive model (p = .007, OR = 1.66 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-2.40, adjusted by sex and age); the G allele showed a significant associated with NSCLC in dominant model (p = .003, OR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.18-2.28, adjusted by sex and age). Compared with haplotype H1 rs2227010-rs2734648-rs1799987-rs1799988-rs1800023-rs1800024: A-T-G-T-G-C, haplotype H5: A-G-G-T-G-C increased the risk of NSCLC by over 10-fold (p < .0001, OR = 16.09, 95%CI: 5.37-48.20, adjusted by sex and age) and notably depressed the transcriptional activity of the CCR5 promoter in 293T, A549, H1299 and HeLa cells. In conclusion, CCR5 promoter polymorphisms are significantly associated with NSCLC by affecting the transcriptional activity of the CCR5 promoter.
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Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/genética , Frequência do Gene , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Células HeLa , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Receptores CCR5/genética , Predisposição Genética para DoençaRESUMO
Development of effective recycling strategies for cathode materials in spent lithium-ion batteries are highly desirable but remain significant challenges, among which facile separation of Al foil and active material layer of cathode makes up the first important step. Here, we propose a reaction-passivation driven mechanism for facile separation of Al foil and active material layer. Experimentally, >99.9% separation efficiency for Al foil and LiNi0.55Co0.15Mn0.3O2 layer is realized for a 102 Ah spent cell within 5 mins, and ultrathin, dense aluminum-phytic acid complex layer is in-situ formed on Al foil immediately after its contact with phytic acid, which suppresses continuous Al corrosion. Besides, the dissolution of transitional metal from LiNi0.55Co0.15Mn0.3O2 is negligible and good structural integrity of LiNi0.55Co0.15Mn0.3O2 is well-maintained during the processing. This work demonstrates a feasible approach for Al foil-active material layer separation of cathode and can promote the green and energy-saving battery recycling towards practical applications.
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BACKGROUND: Exercise-induced hyperthermia preceding the onset of exertional heatstroke requires a rapid reduction in the body core temperature (Tcore) to ensure safety. In recent years, phase-change material (PCM) cooling devices have been increasingly used for rapid cooling after hyperthermia due to their superior capacity for heat absorption. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the cooling performance and effectiveness of a PCM cooling blanket on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) recovery after exercise-induced hyperthermia. DESIGN: Randomized cross-over. METHODS: The study participants were 12 male volunteers who were engaged in professional training and completed an endurance exercise for approximately 30 min in a hot and humid environment (temperature ≈ 30 °C; relative humidity ≈ 66%). The participants underwent a 30-min cooling trial after exercise, receiving either treatment with a PCM cooling blanket (PCM group) or natural cooling (CON group). The Tcore, HR, and HRV time-domain indices were used for analysis. RESULTS: The Tcore values were significantly lower in the PCM group during cooling. Reductions in the Tcore from precooling to 20 min of cooling were significantly greater in the PCM group than in the CON group. The HR in the PCM group was lower than that recorded in the CON group at 10 and 20 min of cooling. The reduction in HR during cooling from precooling was also significantly greater in the PCM group. HRV time-domain indices during cooling in the PCM group were significantly lower compared with the CON group while elevations in some HRV time-domain indices from precooling to postcooling were significantly greater in the PCM group than in the CON group. CONCLUSIONS: The PCM cooling blanket had good cooling performance and the ability to hasten recovery of both HR and HRV. It may serve as a feasible cooling choice during transport after exercise-induced hyperthermia.
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Hipertermia Induzida , Humanos , Masculino , Temperatura Corporal/fisiologia , Regulação da Temperatura Corporal/fisiologia , Temperatura Baixa , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Temperatura Alta , Estudos Cross-OverRESUMO
At present, cancer remains one of the leading causes of human death worldwide, and surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are still the main methods of cancer treatment. However, these treatments have their drawbacks. Surgical treatment often struggles with the complete removal of tumor tissue, leading to a high risk of cancer recurrence. Additionally, chemotherapy drugs have a significant impact on overall health and can easily result in drug resistance. The high risk and mortality of cancer and other reasons promote scientific researchers to unremittingly develop and find a more accurate and faster diagnosis strategy and effective cancer treatment method. Photothermal therapy, which utilizes near-infrared light, offers deeper tissue penetration and minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Compared to conventional radiotherapy and other treatment methods, photothermal therapy boasts several advantages, including high efficiency, non-invasiveness, simplicity, minimal toxicity, and fewer side effects. Photothermal nanomaterials can be categorized as either organic or inorganic materials. This review primarily focuses on the behavior of carbon materials as inorganic materials and their role in tumor photothermal treatment. Furthermore, the challenges faced by carbon materials in photothermal treatment are discussed.