PERIODONTAL RESPONSE TO CYTOSTATIC DRUGS IN CHILDREN.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study the effect of different types of cytostatic drugs on the periodontium in children with malignant tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Material and methods: The material for generalization was based at the results of examination of 44 patients with malignant tumors of the abdominal cavity who underwent preoperative treatment in the oncohematology department of Poltava Children's City Clinical Hospital. RESULTS: Results: In the absence of proper dental care in patients of this group, under the influence of chemotherapeutic drugs, significantly worsens the level of oral hygiene and the condition of periodontal tissues. There are also changes in the process of differentiation of the epithelial structures of the gingival margin, which is accompanied by an increase in smears - reprints of the number of inflammatory cells of the peripheral blood, both with preserved structure and destructive forms. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In children with malignant tumors, during antitumor therapy, there is a decrease in the level of hygiene of the oral cavity, accompanied by morphological destructive changes in the integumentary epithelial layer of the gingival margin. The severity of these disorders depends on the type and dose of cytostatic drugs, which should be considered in the formation of treatment and prevention measures for them.

FREQUENCY, STRUCTURE AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF THERMAL BURNS OF THE JAW-FACIAL AREA IN CHILDREN.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To establish the frequency, structure and features of the clinical course of facial and neck burns in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: During 5 years, 78 patients aged from 6 months to 15 years with isolated burns of the face and neck and in combination with lesions of other anatomical areas were treated. In the dynamics of observation of patients were used classical methods of examination, and in their treatment we followed the protocol of medical care for this category of patients. RESULTS: Results: Thermal injuries of the face and neck accounted for 12.6% of the total number of patients with burns. Their isolated lesion was 26.9%, and in combination with other areas it was 73.1%. The most frequently affected were children of nursery, primary school and preschool age, with a predominance of rural residents (52.6%), mostly boys (78.0%). Anesthesia support had to be used in the treatment of 24 patients (30,8%). The features and nature of the burns depended on the relief of the face and the most damaged are its protruding parts.

EFFECTIVENESS OF CORRECTION OF PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STRESS IN CHILDREN WITH TRAUMATIC INJURY TO SOFT TISSUES AND FACIAL BONES.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study the effectiveness of correction of psycho-emotional stress in children with traumatic injuries of the tissues of the maxillofacial area. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: A comprehensive examination and treatment of 58 children aged 3 to 15 years with traumatic injuries of the maxillofacial area were conducted during the period of 5 years. This applied to soft tissue injuries in 51.7% of cases and in 48.3% - to facial bone injuries. To test the severity of the psycho-emotional state, two homogeneous groups were formed in a total of 41 persons of primary and secondary school age. RESULTS: Results: A comparison of the results of our previous studies, which concerned only the fact of psychological testing and changes in vegetative balance in children with traumatic injuries with a group of patients who underwent comprehensive treatment with additional involvement of targeted psychoneuropharmacological correction allowed to establish, that this approach made it possible to eliminate vegetative disorders and reduce the degree of stress in them for 9-10 days from the time of hospitalization. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In children with traumatic injuries of soft tissues and bones of the face, dysregulation of vegetative function and intensity of compensatory-adaptive mechanisms of the body with the predominance of the central mechanism of regulation. With the additional involvement of the drug "Noofen®" in the complex of therapeutic measures, it allows to stabilize their psychological state, which indicates its effectiveness.

INFLUENCE OF MICROBIOTA ON THE CLINICAL AND IMMUNO-HISTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHRONIC GENERALIZED CATARRHAL GINGIVITIS IN CHILDREN.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The purpose of the study is to characterize the influence of quantitative and qualitative composition of gingival microbiota on the status of the main immune system cells, localized in the gums, in chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study involved 26 children aged 9 to 16 years, patients with chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis mild to moderate severity (CGCG) and 18 children with intact gums were comparison group. We determined the hygienic indices Fedorov, has been received, Silness-Loe, PMA, bleeding index for Myuleman and intensity of caries index CFD + cf, CFD. Histological and immunohistochemical studies were performed on serial sections kriostatnyh who made biopsy of gingival papillae. Microbiological study gingival part of crown plaque was performed by multiplexed PCR in real time. RESULTS: Results: Value hygienic indices in children with CGCG higher than in healthy, indicating the difficulty of care in the presence of periodontal inflammation. As a result of immunohistochemical studies revealed that HLA-DR + cells under conditions of active disease migrate to mucosal lamina propria epithelium. Number of CD3 + cells in the epithelium CGCG was significantly higher than the number in the intact epithelium and was the most numerous of population. In the biopsy of affected children significantly reduced the number of CD4 + cells. When CGCG quantitative total bacterial mass, Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp. in the sample CROWN dental plaque was significantly higher than rates under physiological conditions, and may serve as diagnostic criteria of dysbiosis. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: So, CGCG is a disease in the etiology of which is one of the leading roles played by microbial factor, namely, the value of the quantitative ratios of certain types of microorganisms of dental plaque compared to the total bacterial mass of plaque. Therefore, it is reasonable to include comprehensive treatment CGCG drugs in children, leading to natural immunostimulation which causes restoration of local immunity in the gum tissue and drugs to restore quantitative and qualitative composition of normal microflora of the child, thus providing a high therapeutic effect and serve as justification their choice.