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Relaxor-ferroelectrics display exceptional dielectric properties resulting from the underlying random dipolar fields induced by strong chemical inhomogeneity. An unusual structural aspect of relaxors is a skin-effect where the near-surface region in single crystals exhibit structures and critical phenomena that differ from the bulk. Relaxors are unique in that this skin effect extends over a macroscopic lengthscale of â¼100 µmwhereas usual surface layers only extend over a few unit cells (or â¼nm). We present a muon spectroscopy study of Pb(Fe_{1/2}Nb_{1/2})O3(PFN) which displays ferroelectric order, including many relaxor-like dielectric properties such as a frequency broadened dielectric response, and antiferromagnetism with spatially short-range polar correlations and hence can be termed a multiferroic. In terms of the magnetic behavior determined by the Fe3+(S=5/2,L ≈ 0) ions, PFN has been characterized as a unique example of a 'cluster spin-glass'. We use variable momentum muon spectroscopy to study the depth dependence of the slow magnetic relaxations in a large 1 cm3crystal of PFN. Zero-fieldpositivemuon spin relaxation is parameterized using a stretched exponential, indicative of a distribution of relaxation rates of the Fe3+spins. This bandwidth of frequencies changes as a function of muon momentum, indicative of a change in the Fe3+relaxation rates as a function of muon implantation depth in our single crystal. Usingnegativemuon elemental analysis, we find small-to-no measurable change in the Fe3+/Nb5+concentration with depth implying that chemical concentration alone cannot account for the change in the relaxational dynamics. PFN displays an analogous magnetic skin effect reported to exist in the structural properties of relaxor-ferroelectrics.
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With the progress of science and technology and the development of society, more and more chemical substances have been discovered and countless chemicals have been artificially synthesized, and the risk of exposure to some toxic chemicals by human beings has been greatly increased, resulting in the increasing incidence of acute poisoning, which has seriously endangered the public's physical health and life safety. As the poisoned patients are unconscious or refuse treatment when they are admitted to the hospital, it is difficult to understand the drug exposure history by asking the medical history, so the toxicity detection has become the key to the clinical diagnosis and treatment, and this paper briefly introduces some common toxicity detection methods in the clinic in the hope that it will bring help to the clinical doctors.
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Substâncias Perigosas , Humanos , Intoxicação/diagnóstico , Testes de Toxicidade/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the trends in Oncomelania hupensis distribution in Wuhan City, Hubei Province from 2003 to 2022, so as to provide insights into precision schistosomiasis control. METHODS: Data pertaining to O. hupensis snail survey in Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 were collected. The trends in the proportion of areas with snail habitats, actual area with snail habitats, mean density of living snails and prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in snails were evaluated in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 with the slope of trend curve (ß), annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) using a Joinpoint regression model. RESULTS: During the period from 2003 through 2022, there were two turning points for the proportion of areas with snail habitats in Wuhan City in 2005 and 2015, with a rise during the period from 2003 to 2005 (ß1 = 5.93, t = 1.280, P > 0.05), a decline from 2005 to 2015 (ß2 = -0.88, t = -2.074, P > 0.05) and a rise from 2015 to 2022 (ß3 = 1.46, t = -2.356, P < 0.05). During the period from 2003 through 2022, there were two turning points for the proportion of areas with snail habitats in islet endemic areas of Wuhan City in 2006 and 2015, with no significant differences in the trends from 2003 to 2006 (ß1 = 4.64, t = 1.888, P > 0.05) or from 2006 to 2015 (ß2 = -1.45, t = -2.143, P > 0.05), and with a tendency towards a rise from 2015 to 2022 (ß3 = 2.04, t = -3.100, P < 0.05). During the period from 2003 through 2022, there were two turning points for the proportion of areas with snail habitats in inner embankment endemic areas of Wuhan City in 2012 and 2020, with a tendency towards a decline from 2003 to 2012 (ß1 = -0.39, t = -4.608, P < 0.05) and with no significant differences in the trends from 2012 to 2020 (ß2 = 0.03, t = 0.245, P > 0.05) and from 2020 to 2022 (ß3 = 1.38, t = 1.479, P > 0.05). During the period from 2003 to 2022, the actual area with snail habitats all appeared a tendency towards a decline in Wuhan City, and in islet and inner embankment endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 (AAPC = -2.39%, -5.75% and -2.35%, all P values < 0.05). The mean density of living snails reduced from 0.087 snails/0.1 m2 in 2003 to 0.027 snails/0.1 m2 in 2022 in Wuhan City, with a significant difference in the tendency towards the decline (APC = AAPC = -11.47%, P < 0.05). The annual mean decline rate of the mean density of living snails was 17.36% in outside embankment endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 (APC = AAPC = -17.36%, P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the trends in the mean density of living snails in islet endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 (APC = AAPC = -0.97%, P > 0.05). In addition, the prevalence of S. japonicum infection in snails appeared a tendency towards a decline in Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 (APC = AAPC = -12.45%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of areas with snail habitats, actual area with snail habitats, mean density of living snails and prevalence of S. japonicum infection in snails all appeared a tendency towards a decline in Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022. Intensified snail control, modification of snail habitats, shrinking of areas with snails and implementation of grazing prohibition in snail-infested settings are required, in order to facilitate the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination in Wuhan City.
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Esquistossomose , Caramujos , China/epidemiologia , Animais , Caramujos/parasitologia , Esquistossomose/epidemiologia , Análise de Regressão , Humanos , Reservatórios de Doenças/parasitologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the pharmacologically active components in areca nut that induce oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) and the possible mechanism. METHODS: The chemical components in areca nut were analyzed using Thermo QE plus liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometer and Compound discover 3.2 data processing software. The chemical activity of the top 20 compounds was analyzed based on Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015), PubChem, Chemical book, and SciFinder databases. The potential active components, core targets, biological functions and signaling pathways affecting OSF were analyzed by network pharmacology. The targets of OSF were obtained by integrating Genecards and KEGG databases. The compounds acting on the targets were selected from the Systematic Pharmacology Technology Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCMSP), and the target-compound, compound-TCM, target-compound-TCM network was constructed. Molecular docking was used to analyze the component-target binding. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expressions of key proteins in the PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways in clinical samples of OSF. RESULTS: The core intersection target genes between the top 10 active ingredients in areca nut extract and OSF involved mainly the PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways. In the clinical samples, the expressions of PI3K protein decreased and the expressions p-PI3K, AKT1 and PAkt all increased significantly in OSF tissue, where increased JNK protein expression and enhanced activity of c-Jun and c-Fos transcriptional factors were also detected. The OSF patients had significantly elevated plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-8 compared with healthy individuals. CONCLUSION: The main active ingredients including arecoline, arecaine, and guvacine are capable of activating the PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways to promote the expressions of inflammatory mediators IL-6 and IL-8 and induce collagen hyperplasia, thus leading to the occurrence of oral submucosal fibrosis.
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Areca , Farmacologia em Rede , Areca/química , Humanos , Fibrose Oral Submucosa/metabolismo , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Nozes/química , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/métodos , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Interleucina-8/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologiaRESUMO
Objective: To establish and validate a prediction model for early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Methods: A total of 509 cases ovarian mass patients who underwent surgical treatment in Tianjin Medical General Hospital from January 2018 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into modeling group [n=356, M(Q1,Q3) for age were 43 (31, 61) years] and internal validation group [n=153, age 42 (31, 60) years] by 7â¶3 ratio. In addition, 86 patients [age 44 (33, 61) years] who underwent surgical treatment for ovarian mass in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from April to November 2023 were collected as external validation group. The variables were screened by LASSO regression. The nomogram model was established and plotted by multivariate logistic regression. Internal and external validation were then conducted. The model performance and clinical applicability were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve and decision curve. Results: Five variables including age (OR=1.040,95%CI:1.000-1.050,P=0.002), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) (OR=1.001, 95%CI: 1.000-1.010, P=0.017), human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) (OR=1.020, 95%CI: 1.000-1.030, P=0.002), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) (OR=1.001, 95%CI:1.000-1.020, P=0.023) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (OR=1.020, 95%CI: 1.010-1.022, P=0.001) were screened as risk factors for early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer. The nomogram model was constructed based on these above five risk factors to predict early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer. ROC curves showed the area under curve (AUC) were 0.915(95%CI:0.910-0.932)for modeling group, 0.891(95%CI:0.874-0.905) for internal validation group, and 0.924(95%CI:0.907-0.942) for external verification. The calibration curves and clinical decision curves showed the model exhibited good consistency and clinical practicability. Conclusions: The nomogram model built includes age, CA125, HE4, CA199, and LDH. It can effectively predict early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer and has strong clinical practicability.
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Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário , Nomogramas , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário/patologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Adulto , Estudos Retrospectivos , Antígeno Ca-125/sangue , Curva ROC , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Modelos Logísticos , Fatores de Risco , Proteína 2 do Domínio Central WAP de Quatro Dissulfetos/análiseRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the safety and therapeutic effect of split liver transplantation (SLT) in clinical application. Methods: This is a retrospective case-series study. The clinical data of 203 consecutive SLT, 79 living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and 1 298 whole liver transplantation (WLT) performed at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from July 2014 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Two hundred and three SLT liver grafts were obtained from 109 donors. One hundred and twenty-seven grafts were generated by in vitro splitting and 76 grafts were generated by in vivo splitting. There were 90 adult recipients and 113 pediatric recipients. According to time, SLT patients were divided into two groups: the early SLT group (40 cases, from July 2014 to December 2017) and the mature SLT technology group (163 cases, from January 2018 to July 2023). The survival of each group was analyzed and the main factors affecting the survival rate of SLT were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used for survival analysis. Results: The cumulative survival rates at 1-, 3-, and 5-year were 74.58%, 71.47%, and 71.47% in the early SLT group, and 88.03%, 87.23%, and 87.23% in the mature SLT group, respectively. Survival rates in the mature SLT group were significantly higher than those in the early SLT group (χ2=5.560,P=0.018). The cumulative survival rates at 1-, 3- and 5-year were 93.41%, 93.41%, 89.95% in the LDLT group and 87.38%, 81.98%, 77.04% in the WLT group, respectively. There was no significant difference among the mature SLT group, the LDLT group and the WLT group (χ2=4.016, P=0.134). Abdominal hemorrhage, infection, primary liver graft nonfunction,and portal vein thrombosis were the main causes of early postoperative death. Conclusion: SLT can achieve results comparable to those of WLT and LDLT in mature technology liver transplant centers, but it needs to go through a certain time learning curve.
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Hepatopatias , Transplante de Fígado , Adulto , Humanos , Criança , Transplante de Fígado/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Doadores Vivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Fígado/cirurgiaAssuntos
Encéfalo , Corpo Caloso , Gravidez , Humanos , Feminino , Corpo Caloso/diagnóstico por imagem , Agenesia do Corpo Caloso , Quarto Ventrículo , FetoRESUMO
Objective: To explore the clinical changes in levels of the new clinical marker serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with long-term antiviral therapy. Methods: 100 CHB cases who were initially treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) at Peking University First Hospital were included. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), HBV DNA, hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during the follow-up period were measured. The TaqMan-based real-time quantitative PCR method was used to detect serum HBV pgRNA levels. The independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare continuous variables between groups, while Pearson's χ (2) test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare categorical variables. Results: HBV pgRNA levels decreased significantly in patients who developed virological responses at 48 weeks (n = 54) during subsequent treatment compared to those who did not (n = 46). The HBV pgRNA level was lower in HBeAg-positive patients than in HBeAg-negative patients (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Patients with higher HBV DNA and HBeAg-positivity levels at baseline had a higher HBV pgRNA level following antiviral therapy. There was no statistically significant difference in HBV pgRNA levels in patients with different HBV pgRNA levels at baseline after antiviral therapy. There was no correlation between serum HBV pgRNA and HBsAg at baseline, but there was a correlation after long-term antiviral therapy, while there was a weak correlation between HBV pgRNA and HBsAg at the fifth and ninth years of antiviral therapy (r = 0.262, P = 0.031; r = 0.288, P = 0.008). Conclusion: HBV pgRNA levels were higher with higher HBV activity in CHB patients with long-term antiviral therapy.
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Hepatite B Crônica , Humanos , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B , Antígenos E da Hepatite B , DNA Viral , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , RNARESUMO
Objectives: To explore the antitumor effects of redox-responsive nanoparticles containing platinum(â £)-NP@Pt(â £) in ovarian cancer. Methods: Redox-responsive polymer carriers were synthesized. Polymer carriers and platinum(â £)-Pt(â £) can self-assemble into NP@Pt(â £). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was performed to detect the platinum release from NP@Pt(â £) in reducing environment and the platinum content in ovarian cancer cells ES2 treated with cisplatin, Pt(â £) and NP@Pt(â £). The proliferation ability of the ovarian cancer cells were detected by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cellular apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. Collection of primary ovarian cancer tissues from patients with primary high-grade serous ovarian cancer who were surgically treated at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from October to December 2022. The high-grade serous ovarian cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice were intravenously injected with Cy7.5 labeled NP@Pt(â £) followed by in vivo imaging system. Mice were treated with PBS, cisplatin and NP@Pt(â £). Tumor volume and weight were measured in each group. Necrosis, apoptosis and cell proliferation of tumor tissues were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, TUNEL fluorescence staining and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry staining. Body weight and HE staining of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of mice in each group were measured. Results: The platinum release of NP@Pt(â £) after 48 hours in reducing environment was 76.29%, which was significantly higher than that of 26.82% in non-reducing environment (P<0.001). The platinum content in ES2 cells after 4 hours and 7 hours of treatment with NP@Pt(â £) (308.59, 553.15 ng/million cells) were significantly higher than those of Pt(â £) (100.21, 180.31 ng/million cells) and cisplatin (43.36, 50.36 ng/million cells, Pï¼0.05). The half inhibitory concentrations of NP@Pt(â £) in ovarian cancer cells ES2, A2780, A2780DDP were 1.39, 1.42 and 4.62 µmol/L, respectively, which were lower than those of Pt(IV) (2.89, 7.27, and 16.74 µmol/L) and cisplatin (5.21, 11.85, and 71.98 µmol/L). The apoptosis rate of ES2 cells treated with NP@Pt(â £) was (33.91±3.80)%, which was significantly higher than that of Pt(â £) [(16.28±2.41)%] and cisplatin [(15.01±1.17)%, Pï¼0.05]. In high-grade serous ovarian cancer PDX model, targeted accumulation of Cy7.5 labeled NP@Pt(â £) at tumor tissue could be observed. After the treatment, the tumor volume of mice in NP@Pt(IV) group was (130±98) mm3, which was significantly lower than those in control group [(1 349±161) mm3, P<0.001] and cisplatin group [(715±293) mm3, P=0.026]. The tumor weight of mice in NP@Pt(IV) group was (0.17±0.09)g, which was significantly lower than those in control group [(1.55±0.11)g, P<0.001] and cisplatin group [(0.82±0.38)g, P=0.029]. The areas of tumor necrosis and apoptosis in mice treated with NP@Pt(â £) were higher than those in mice treated with cisplatin. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that there were low expressions of Ki-67 at tumor tissues of mice treated with NP@Pt(â £) compared with cisplatin. The change in body weight of mice in NP@Pt(â £) group was not significantly different from that of the control group [(18.56±2.04)g vs.(20.87±0.79)g, P=0.063]. Moreover, the major organs of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were also normal by HE staining. Conclusion: Redox-responsive NP@Pt(â £), produced in this study can enhance the accumulation of cisplatin in ovarian cancer cells and improve the efficacy of ovarian cancer chemotherapy.
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Cistadenocarcinoma Seroso , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Humanos , Feminino , Animais , Camundongos , Neoplasias Ovarianas/tratamento farmacológico , Platina , Cisplatino/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Antígeno Ki-67 , Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Amarelo de Eosina-(YS) , Necrose , Polímeros , Peso CorporalRESUMO
A transportable, compact, accelerator-based neutron source is under development at Xian Jiaotong University. An electrostatic low energy beam transport (LEBT) structure with a double Einzel-lens setup was adopted due to its short length and low power consumption. It can transport a pulsed proton beam to the radio frequency quadrupole with a required beam current of 15 mA and an energy of 30 keV. We performed detailed structure optimization and beam tracking to achieve beam matching and small emittance growth. In addition, the fast chopper, beam steering, and diagnostic devices are integrated into the LEBT. The fabrication and assembly of the proton injector have been completed, and beam commissioning was carried out to measure the beam current and Twiss parameters. The design strategy, beam simulation, and experimental results are presented and discussed in this paper.
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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy (FURSL) and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPCNL) in the treatment of 2-3 cm renal calculi in women. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Clinical data of 186 patients who underwent mPCNL (n=96) and FURSL (n=90) surgery in our hospital from June 2018 to February 2023 were collected. Several parameters were assessed and compared between the two groups, including operation duration, length of hospital stay, cost of hospitalization, pain intensity measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS), patient comfort assessed using the Bruggrmann Comfort Scale (BCS), decrease in hemoglobin levels, changes in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), fluctuations in serum creatinine (Scr), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, complication rates, immediate post-operative stone-free rate (RSFR), and long-term stone-free rate (LSFR). RESULTS: The comparative analysis of patient age, body mass index (BMI), stone size, computed X-ray tomography (CT) value of stones, number of stones, and comorbidities revealed no statistically significant differences between the mPCNL and FURSL groups (p>0.05). The mPCNL cohort exhibited a markedly lower duration of operation (p<0.001) and BCS score (p<0.001) compared to the FURSL cohort. Nonetheless, the mPCNL cohort demonstrated significantly higher hospitalization expenses (p<0.001), length of hospital stay (p<0.001), VAS score for pain (p<0.001), and level of hemoglobin decrease (p<0.001) in comparison to the FURSL cohort. Moreover, the immediate post-operative stone-free rate (RSFR) was significantly higher in the mPCNL group (p=0.007). The long-term stone-free rate (LSFR), however, showed no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.160). Furthermore, the FURSL group exhibited significantly fewer overall complications in contrast to the mPCNL group (p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: mPCNL and FURSL are both safe and effective surgical methods for treating 2-3 cm renal calculi in women. However, FURSL holds distinct advantages, including minimally invasive procedure, accelerated recovery, reduced cost, and lower incidence of complications.
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Cálculos Renais , Litotripsia , Nefrolitotomia Percutânea , Humanos , Feminino , Nefrolitotomia Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Nefrolitotomia Percutânea/métodos , Ureteroscopia/efeitos adversos , Ureteroscopia/métodos , Cálculos Renais/cirurgia , Litotripsia/métodos , Hemoglobinas , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
We studied the effect of TFP5 on MIN6 cells (cultured mouse islet ß cells) treated with different concentrations of glucose (5 or 25 mM). The results were verified in C57BL/6J mice (control; n=12) and db/db mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=12). To synthesize TFP5, peptide p5 (a derivative of p35 protein, activator of cyclin-dependent kinase 5, Cdk5) was conjugated with a FITC tag at the N-terminus and an 11-amino acid TAT protein transduction domain at the C-terminus. TFP5 was employed to inhibit Cdk5 activity and then to evaluate its efficiency in treating experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus. TFP5 effectively inhibited the pathological hyperactivity of Cdk5, enhanced insulin secretion, and protected pancreatic ß cells from apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. In addition, TFP5 inhibited inflammation in pancreatic islets by reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines TGF-ß1, TNFα, and IL-1ß. These novel data indicates that TFP5 is a promising candidate for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Células Secretoras de Insulina , Animais , Camundongos , Quinase 5 Dependente de Ciclina/genética , Quinase 5 Dependente de Ciclina/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Glucose/toxicidade , Glucose/metabolismo , Células Secretoras de Insulina/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/farmacologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To construct a schistosomiasis transmission risk assessment system in Wuhan City and preliminary evaluate its application effect, so as to promote the rational allocation of schistosomiasis control resources and accelerate the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination. METHODS: The schistosomiasis risk assessment indicators were collected through referring schistosomiasis surveillance data of Wuhan City from 2014 to 2020, literature review and expert interviews. Indicators within each criterion and sub-criterion were screened using the Delphi method, and a hierarchical structure model was created based on analytic hierarchy process. Quantitative assignment of each indicator was conducted according to relative importance, and the weight and combination weight of each criterion were calculated in each analytic hierarchy framework to create a schistosomiasis transmission risk assessment system, which was used for the schistosomiasis transmission risk assessment in 12 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites in Wuhan City. RESULTS: A three-level schistosomiasis transmission risk assessment system was preliminarily constructed, which included a target layer, 5 criterion layers and 21 sub-criterion layers. Of all indicators in the criterion layer, transmission route had the highest weight (0.433), followed by source of Schistosoma japonicum infection (0.294); and among all indicators in the sub-criterion layer, S. japonicum infection in Oncomelania hupensis and sentinel mice had the highest combination weight (0.125), followed by prevalence of S. japonicum infection in humans (0.091) and bovines (0.053), snail control by chemical treatment (0.049), positive rate of inquiry examinations (0.048), allocation of schistosomiasis control professionals (0.045), and areas of submerged snail-infested settings (0.041). Of the 12 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites in Wuhan City, there were 5 sites with weights of > 0.8, 4 sites with weights of 0.6 to 0.8, and 3 sites with weights of < 0.6 in 2020. CONCLUSIONS: A schistosomiasis transmission risk assessment system has been constructed based on analytic hierarchy process in Wuhan City, which may provide a evidence-based basis for health resource allocation and decision-making for schistosomiasis control.
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Esquistossomose Japônica , Esquistossomose , Animais , Humanos , Bovinos , Camundongos , Processo de Hierarquia Analítica , Esquistossomose/epidemiologia , Esquistossomose/prevenção & controle , Esquistossomose Japônica/epidemiologia , Caramujos , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the value of radiomics models based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps in distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Methods: A cross-sectional study. Clinical data of 148 thyroid nodules (50 benign, 98 malignant) from 140 patients who underwent thyroid MRI examination in Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between January 2019 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The nodules were used as the study units, and a leave-one-out method was used to randomly divide the nodules into a training set and a test set at a 7â¶3 ratio. Region of interest was segmented and radiomics features were extracted from the DWI and ADC images. In the training set, feature selection was performed using inter-observer agreement analysis, U-test, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm, and correlation analysis. Four classifiers, including support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and logistic regression (LR) were used to build models with the selected features, including the DWI models, ADC models, and combined models. The models were independently tested in the test set. The performance of the radiomics models in distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, with pathological results as the gold standard. Results: Of the 140 patients, there were 40 males and 100 females, with a mean age of (38.4±12.2) years. After feature selection, 11 DWI features and 11 ADC features were used to build the models. In the training set, the AUC values of the combined models were higher than those of the corresponding DWI and ADC models. In the test set, the SVM combined model showed the best predictive performance, with an AUC of 0.873 (95%CI:0.740-0.954), accuracy of 75.6%, sensitivity of 46.7%, specificity of 90.0%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 70.0% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 77.1%, while the RF combined model had an AUC of 0.836 (95%CI:0.695-0.929), accuracy of 77.8%, sensitivity of 40.0%, specificity of 96.7%, PPV of 85.7% and NPV of 76.3%, the KNN combined model had an AUC of 0.832 (95%CI:0.691-0.927), accuracy of 77.8%, sensitivity of 33.3%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100% and NPV of 75.0%, the LR combined model had an AUC of 0.813 (95%CI:0.669-0.914), accuracy of 77.8%, sensitivity of 60.0%, specificity of 86.7%, PPV of 69.2% and NPV of 81.3%. Conclusions: Radiomics models based on DWI and ADC image features can effectively distinguish benign and malignant thyroid nodules. The SVM combined model had the best prediction performance.
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Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Transversais , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética/métodosRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the influence of muscle energy technology (MET) combined with Maitland joint mobilization surgery on the elbow joint flexion function in patients with deep burn of elbow joint. Methods: A retrospective controlled clinical trial was conducted. From January 2020 to January 2022, 53 patients with elbow joint flexion dysfunction after deep burns who met the inclusion criteria were treated in Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University & Wuhan Third Hospital, including 32 males and 21 females, aged (37±12) years. According to the treatment method used, the patients were divided into conventional treatment alone group (15 cases), conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery group (18 cases), and conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery+MET group (20 cases). Before treatment and 2 months after treatment, the patient's elbow joint range of motion was measured using a protractor, the Mayo elbow joint function score was used to evaluate elbow joint function, a portable muscle strength tester was used to measure elbow extensor muscle strength, and visual analogue scale was used to evaluate pain degree. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance, least significant difference test, paired sample t test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test, chi-square test, Fisher's exact probability test, and Bonferroni correction. Results: After two months of treatment, the elbow joint range of motion and elbow joint function scores of patients in conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery group and conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery+MET group ((103±12)° and 60 (50, 66), (131±14)° and 73 (65, 80)) were significantly larger and higher than those in conventional treatment alone group ((77±15)° and 45 (35, 50), P values all <0.05), respectively. The elbow joint range of motion and elbow joint function scores of patients in conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery+MET group were significantly larger and higher than those in conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery group (P values all <0.05), respectively. After two months of treatment, the elbow extensor muscle strength and pain score of patients in conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery+MET group were respectively significantly larger and lower than those in conventional treatment alone group and conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery group (P values all <0.05). The elbow extensor muscle strength and pain score of patients in conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery group were similar to those in conventional treatment alone group (P>0.05). The elbow joint range of motion and elbow extensor muscle strength (with t values of 9.37, 25.54, 28.71, 6.70, 7.20, and 7.01, respectively, P<0.05), elbow joint function scores and pain scores (with Z values of 3.15, 3.63, 3.93, 3.30, 3.52, and 3.84, respectively, P<0.05) of patients in conventional treatment alone group, conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery group, and conventional treatment+joint mobilization surgery+MET group after two months of treatment were significantly improved compared with those before treatment. Conclusions: The combination of MET and Maitland joint mobilization surgery can effectively improve elbow joint range of motion, elbow joint function, elbow extensor muscle strength, and pain of patients with deep elbow joint burns, therefore it is worthy of promotion.
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Queimaduras , Articulação do Cotovelo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Queimaduras/cirurgia , Articulação do Cotovelo/cirurgia , Músculos , Dor , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tecnologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: As the proportion of aging adults increases and inguinal hernia repair becomes increasingly popular as a day surgery, the demand for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair as a day surgery is increasing among patients aged 80 years and older. Relevant research needs to be completed, so we aimed to evaluate laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair as a 24-h day surgery for this group of patients. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we utilized propensity score matching to analyze the data of patients who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair at a day surgery center between January 1, 2019, and March 1, 2022. Patients were divided into ≥ 80 years old and < 80 years old groups. We compared the perioperative laboratory results, perioperative outcomes, and 1-year complications between the two groups. RESULT: A total of 554 patients were included in the study. After propensity score matching, 292 patients were included in the matched cohort (98 patients in the ≥ 80 years old group and 194 patients in the < 80 years old group). During hospitalization, there were significant differences in ASA classification, Caprini score, length of hospital stays, risk of thrombosis, and delayed discharge rate. No significant difference was found in the incidence of total postoperative complications between the two groups at the 1-year follow-up (HR: 0.96, 95% CI 0.36-2.54, P = 0.96). CONCLUSION: In our study, LIHR as a 24-h day surgery was safe and effective for patients over 80 years old. However, to reduce the rate of delayed discharge, cautious perioperative evaluation is necessary.
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Hérnia Inguinal , Laparoscopia , Adulto , Humanos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Hérnia Inguinal/complicações , Estudos de Viabilidade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios/efeitos adversos , Herniorrafia/efeitos adversos , Herniorrafia/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is increasingly recognized as a chronic, progressive and fatal lung disease with an unknown etiology. Current studies focus on revealing the genetic factors in the risk of IPF, making the integrative analysis of genetic variations and transcriptomic alterations of substantial value. AIM: This study aimed to improve the understanding of the molecular basis of IPF through an integrative analysis of whole-exome sequencing (WES), bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. METHODS: WES is a powerful tool for studying the genetic basis of IPF, allowing for the identification of genetic variants that may be associated with the development of the disease. RNA-seq data provide a comprehensive view of the transcriptional changes in IPF patients, while scRNA-seq data offer a more granule view of cell-type-specific alterations. RESULTS: In this study, we identified a comprehensive mutational landscape of recurrent genomic and transcriptomic variations, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms, CNVs and differentially expressed genes, in IPF populations, which may play a significant role in the development and progression of IPF. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provided valuable insights into the genetic and transcriptomic variations associated with IPF, revealing changes in gene expression that may contribute to disease development and progression. These findings highlight the importance of an integrative approach to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying IPF and may pave the way for identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática , Humanos , Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , MutaçãoRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the impact of COVID-19 on treatment of patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PPCI). Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study. STEMI patients undergoing PPCI from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021 were selected, based on the data of Xinnaolvsetongdao App. Clinical data and treatment time indicators, including symptom to first medical contact (S-FMC), symptom to door (StoD), first medical contact to ECG (FMC-ECG), first medical contact to guide wire (FMC-W), door to balloon (DtoB) and total ischemic time in 2019, 2020 and 2021 were compared. STEMI patients aged<60 years were sub-grouped as the young and middle-aged group, and STEMI patients aged≥60 years were sub-grouped as the elderly group. Results: A total of 7 435 (3 305 in 2019, 1 796 in 2020 and 2 334 in 2021) STEMI patients aged (59.6±12.6) years undergoing PPCI were included in this analysis. There were 5 990 males. For STEMI patients with PPCI in 2019, 2020 and 2021, FMC-ECG was 3 (1, 5) min, 3(1, 7) min and 4 (1, 7) min. FMC-W was 73 (56, 87) min, 78 (62, 95) min and 77 (62, 87) min. DtoB was 73 (56, 85) min, 78 (62, 95) min and 77 (62, 86) min. Total ischemic time was 189 (130, 273) min, 196 (138, 295) min and 209 (143, 276) min. FMC-ECG, FMC-W, DtoB and total ischemic time were longer in 2020 and 2021 than in 2019 (all P<0.05). The proportions of patients with FMC-ECG≤10 min (88.4% (1 588/1 796) vs. 92.7% (3 064/3 305), P<0.05), FMC-W≤120 min (87.9% (1 579/1796) vs. 91.7% (3 030/3 305), P<0.05) and DtoB≤90 min (72.3% (1 298/1 796) vs. 80.8% (2 672/3 305), P<0.05) were lower in 2020 than in 2019, whereas no differences were observed in the proportions of patients with FMC-ECG≤10 min (91.3% (2 131/2 334) vs. 92.7% (3 064/3 305), P=0.054), FMC-W≤120 min (92.0% (2 148/2 334) vs. 91.7% (3 030/3 305), P=0.635) and DtoB≤90 min (80.0% (1 867/2 334) vs. 80.8% (2 672/3 305), P=0.424) in 2021 compared with 2019. In the subgroup analysis, the proportions of patients with FMC-ECG≤10 min, FMC-W≤120 min and DtoB≤90 min were lower in the elderly group than in young and middle-aged group in 2019 (all P<0.05). The proportions of patients with FMC-W≤120 min and DtoB≤90 min were lower in the elderly group than in young and middle-aged group in 2021(all P<0.05). No differences were observed in the proportions of patients with FMC-ECG≤10 min, FMC-W≤120 min and DtoB≤90 min between the two group in 2020 (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Affected by the COVID-19, there is a reduction in the number of PPCI cases and treatment delays in STEMI patients, especially in the elderly. After adjusting the treatment strategy and widely applying the Xinnaolvsetongdao APP, the above indicators are significantly improved in 2021 as compared with 2020.
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Infarto Miocárdico de Parede Anterior , COVID-19 , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST , Idoso , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Pequim , Estudos Retrospectivos , Arritmias CardíacasRESUMO
Vortex matter in layered high-[Formula: see text] superconductors, including iron-pnictides, undergo several thermodynamic phase transitions due to the complex interplay of pinning energy, thermal energy and elastic energy. Moreover, the presence of anisotropy makes their vortex physics even more intriguing. Here, we report a detailed vortex dynamics study, using dc magnetization measurements, in a triclinic iron-pnictide superconductor (Ca[Formula: see text]La[Formula: see text])[Formula: see text](Pt[Formula: see text]As[Formula: see text])(Fe[Formula: see text]As[Formula: see text])[Formula: see text], with a superconducting transition temperature, T[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] 31 K. A second magnetization peak (SMP) feature is observed for magnetic field perpendicular (H[Formula: see text]c) and parallel (H[Formula: see text]ab) to the crystal plane. However, its fundamental origin is quite different in both directions. For H[Formula: see text]c, the SMP can be well explained using an elastic-to-plastic vortex creep crossover, using collective creep theory. In addition, a possible rhombic-to-square vortex lattice phase transition is also observed for fields in between the onset-field and peak-field related to the SMP. On the other hand, for H[Formula: see text]ab, a clear signature of an order-disorder vortex phase transition is observed in the isothermal M(H) measurements at T [Formula: see text] 6 K. The disordered phase exhibits the characteristics of entangled pinned vortex-liquid. We construct a comprehensive vortex phase diagram by displaying characteristic temperatures and magnetic fields for both crystal geometries in this unique superconducting compound. Our study sheds light on the intricate vortex dynamics and pinning in an iron-pnictide superconductor with triclinic symmetry.