Association of triglyceride-glucose-body mass index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease.

There is still a paucity of research on the relationship between triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) and long-term all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the TyG-BMI index and mortality rate and to determine valuable predictive factors for the survival status of this population. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2001-2018) and the National Death Index (NDI). We used multivariate Cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) to analyze the link between the TyG-BMI index and all-cause and CVD mortality. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to age, gender, race, education and poverty. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to assess the differentiation of the TyG-BMI index in predicting mortality. A total of 3089 individuals were enrolled. Over a median follow-up period of 81 months, 1097 individuals passed away. The RCS analysis revealed a U-shaped link between the TyG-BMI index and all-cause and CVD mortality. The ROC curve indicated that the TyG-BMI index has a stronger diagnostic effect than the TyG index. Subgroup analysis results demonstrated that the TyG-BMI index was more significantly correlated with all-cause and CVD mortality rates in elderly patients. In the American population, a U-shaped association was discovered between the baseline TyG-BMI index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates in CKD patients. The thresholds for all-cause and CVD mortality were found to be 299.31 and 294.85, respectively.

Medical therapy has similar hemostatic efficacy with endoscopic treatment for PUB patients with adherent clot (FIIb ulcers).

BACKGROUND: Currently, there is no clear consensus on whether medical treatment or endoscopic treatment should be used for peptic ulcer bleeding patients with adherent clot. The aim of this study is to investigate the hemostatic effects of medical treatment, single endoscopic treatment, and combination endoscopic treatment for peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) patients with adherent clot. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed PUB patients with adherent clot who underwent endoscopic examination or treatment in our center from March 2014 to January 2023 and received intravenous administration of proton pump inhibitors. Patients were divided into medical treatment (MT) group, single endoscopic treatment (ST) group, and combined endoscopic treatment (CT) group. Subsequently, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was performed to calculate the rebleeding rate. RESULTS: A total of 605 eligible patients were included in this study. After IPTW, the rebleeding rate in the MT group on days 3, 7, 14, and 30 were 13.3 (7.3), 14.2 (7.8), 14.5 (7.9), and 14.5 (7.9), respectively; the rebleeding rates in the ST group were 17.4 (5.1), 20.8 (6.1), 20.8 (6.1), and 20.8 (6.1), respectively; the rebleeding rates in the CT group were 0.4 (0.9), 1.7 (3.3), 2.3 (4.5), and 2.3 (4.5), respectively. Although the rebleeding rate in the medical treatment group was higher, there was no significant difference among the three groups on days 3, 7, 14, and 30 (P = 0.132, 0.442, 0.552, and 0.552). CONCLUSIONS: Medical therapy has similar hemostatic efficacy with endoscopic treatment for PUB patients with adherent clot (FIIb ulcers). However, for patients with more risk factors and access to well-equipped endoscopy centers, endoscopic treatment may be considered. The choice of treatment approach should be based on the individual conditions of the patient, as well as other factors such as medical resources available.

Survival nomogram for high-grade bladder cancer patients after surgery based on the SEER database and external validation cohort.

Background: The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive and effective nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) rates in postoperative patients with high-grade bladder urothelial carcinoma. Methods: Patients diagnosed with high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder after radical cystectomy (RC) between 2004 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were enrolled. We randomly split (7:3) these patients into the primary cohort and the internal validation cohort. Two hundred eighteen patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were collected as the external validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were carried out to seek prognostic factors of postoperative patients with high-grade bladder cancer (HGBC). According to these significant prognostic factors, a simple-to-use nomogram was established for predicting OS. Their performances were evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results: The study included 4,541 patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that T stage, positive lymph nodes (PLNs), age, chemotherapy, regional lymph nodes examined (RLNE), and tumor size were correlated with OS. The C-index of the nomogram in the training cohort, internal validation cohort, and external validation cohort were 0.700, 0.717, and 0.681, respectively. In the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, the ROC curves showed that the 1-, 3-, and 5-year areas under the curve (AUCs) were higher than 0.700, indicating that the nomogram had good reliability and accuracy. The results of calibration and DCA showed good concordance and clinical applicability. Conclusion: A nomogram was developed for the first time to predict personalized 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS in HGBC patients after RC. The internal and external validation confirmed the excellent discrimination and calibration ability of the nomogram. The nomogram can help clinicians design personalized treatment strategies and assist with clinical decisions.

Highly-Exposed Co-CoO Derived from Nanosized ZIF-67 on N-Doped Porous Carbon Foam as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Zinc-Air Battery.

Non-precious-metal based electrocatalysts with highly-exposed and well-dispersed active sites are crucially needed to achieve superior electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) toward zinc-air battery (ZAB). Herein, Co-CoO heterostructures derived from nanosized ZIF-67 are densely-exposed and strongly-immobilized onto N-doped porous carbon foam (NPCF) through a self-sacrificial pyrolysis strategy. Benefited from the high exposure of Co-CoO heterostructures and the favorable mass and electron transfer ability of NPCF, the Co-CoO/NPCF electrocatalyst exhibits remarkable performance for both ORR (E1/2  = 0.843 V vs RHE) and OER (Ej = 10 mA cm-2  = 1.586 V vs RHE). Further application of Co-CoO/NPCF as the air-cathode in rechargeable ZAB achieves superior performance for liquid-state ZAB (214.1 mW cm-2 and 600 cycles) and flexible all-solid-state ZAB (93.1 mW cm-2 and 140 cycles). Results from DFT calculations demonstrate that the electronic metal-support interactions between Co-CoO and NPCF via abundant C-Nx sites is favorable for electronic structure modulation, accounting for the remarkable performance.

Predicted visceral adiposity index in relation to risk of coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality: insights from NHANES.

Background and aims: The Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) is a straightforward and gender-specific marker that combines anthropometric measurements with lipid profiles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between VAI and coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods and results: The study examined data collected from adults during the NHANES 1999-2018 cycle. The analyses were weighted, and multivariable logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association between VAI and CHD. Additionally, subgroup analyses stratified by age were conducted. To evaluate the impact of VAI levels on survival outcomes, the study utilized the Kaplan-Meier method and performed the log-rank test to evaluate the survival outcome of participants with different VAI levels. The study findings revealed a significant association between VAI and CHD, indicating a non-linear relationship where an increase in VAI was associated with an elevated risk of CHD. High levels of VAI were linked to an increased prevalence of CHD (Q4 vs Q1, OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.12-2.01, P=0.01). Additionally, higher levels of VAI were associated with a poorer overall prognosis in terms of survival outcomes. There were no statistically significant differences in survival outcomes among the population with CHD. Conclusion: The results of this study highlighted a significant association between VAI and CHD, with a non-linear relationship observed. High VAI levels were associated with an increased risk of CHD and poor survival outcomes, emphasizing the importance of understanding and managing this risk factor, particularly in older age groups.

Comparison of Robot-Assisted and Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy for Renal Hilar Tumors: Results from a Tertiary Referral Center.

Objective: To compare perioperative, functional, and oncologic outcomes between robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for renal hilar tumors. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent minimally invasive partial nephrectomy for renal hilar tumors at our institution between January 2014 and August 2018. The entire cohort was divided into two groups according to surgical approach: RAPN and LPN group. Perioperative, functional, and oncologic outcomes of the two groups were collected and compared. Results: A total of 116 patients with renal hilar tumors were identified, including 52 patients who underwent RAPN and 64 patients who underwent LPN, respectively. Demographic baseline characteristics were similar in two groups. There were no differences between the RAPN and LPN groups for operative time, transfusion rate, conversion rate, surgical margin, perioperative complication, and hospital stay. Compared with the LPN group, the RAPN group was associated with significant less estimated blood loss (100 vs 150 mL; p < 0.001), shorter warm ischemia time (20.3 vs 24.5 minutes; p = 0.001), and higher direct cost (p < 0.001). Percentage of estimated glomerular filtration rate change at 6 months after surgery was lower in RAPN group than LPN group (10.4% vs 15.2%; p = 0.020). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of oncologic outcomes. Conclusions: For hilar tumors, both RAPN and LPN were safe and feasible surgical treatments. RAPN might be associated with superior perioperative outcomes (less estimated blood loss and shorter warm ischemia time) and better postoperative renal functional preservation. RAPN might be the preferred option when condition permits for renal hilar tumors.

Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of the association between upregulated AMD1, EN1 and VGLL1 and the progression and poor prognosis of breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among females, but the molecular mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis and progression have remained to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to identify novel potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer. The dataset GSE76275 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify hub genes. Furthermore, the dataset GSE25055, containing gene expression data and clinical information, was downloaded to validate the expression and survival association of these hub genes. In addition, the datasets GSE25065 and GSE42568 were used to validate the association between hub gene expression levels and clinical features. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, as well as proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis assays, were used to verify gene expression and function. A total of 4,052 genes were selected for WGCNA and 18 modules were established; the red module was identified as the key module, as it had a strong positive correlation with the tumor grade. Survival analyses of hub genes [S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme (AMD1), homeobox protein engrailed-1 (EN1) and vestigial-like protein (VGLL1)] indicated that higher levels of gene expression were associated with poor prognosis of patients with breast cancer. This association was based on survival analysis of GSE25055 using the Kaplan-Meier plotter tool. Expression validation revealed that the upregulation of hub genes was associated with advanced tumor grade and malignant molecular subtype (basal-like). IHC results from the Human Protein Atlas also demonstrated that protein expression levels of the hub genes were higher in tumor tissues compared with those in adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, the expression levels of AMD1, EN1 and VGLL1 were strongly correlated with each other. These results demonstrated that AMD1 is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and cells and AMD1 knockdown decreased the proliferation and metastatic potential, while increasing apoptosis of breast cancer cells. These results suggested that AMD1, EN1 and VGLL1 are likely to contribute to breast cancer progression and unfavorable prognosis.

Anchoring IrPdAu Nanoparticles on NH2-SBA-15 for Fast Hydrogen Production from Formic Acid at Room Temperature.

Hydrogen (H2), a regenerable and promising energy carrier, acts as an essential role in the construction of a sustainable energy system. Formic acid (HCOOH, FA), a natural biological metabolic products and also accessible through carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction, has a great potential to serve as a prospective H2 supplier for the fuel cell. Herein, ultrafine and electron-rich IrPdAu alloy nanoparticles with a size of 1.4 nm are highly dispersed on amine-modified mesoporous SiO2 (NH2-SBA-15) and used as a highly active and selective catalyst for fast H2 production from FA. The as-synthesized IrPdAu/NH2-SBA-15 possesses superior catalytic activity and 100% H2 selectivity with initial turnover frequency values of 6316 h-1 with the additive of sodium formate (SF) and 4737 h-1 even without SF at 298 K, comparable to the most effective heterogeneous catalysts ever published. The excellent performance of IrPdAu/NH2-SBA-15 was not only ascribed to the combination of the electronic synergistic effect of trimetallic alloys and the strong metal-support interaction effect but also attributed to the amine (-NH2) alkaline groups grafted on SBA-15, which is beneficial to boost the split of the O-H bond of FA.

α-Lactose Improves the Survival of Septic Mice by Blockade of TIM-3 Signaling to Prevent NKT Cell Apoptosis and Attenuate Cytokine Storm.

Sepsis is the leading cause of death among critically ill patients and natural killer T (NKT) cell activation is essential to induce inflammatory cytokine cascade in sepsis. However, little is known about what regulates the NKT cell function during sepsis. Herein, we showed that T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) expression in NKT cells is elevated in experimental mice during sepsis. Tim-3 expression was positively correlated with NKT cell activation and apoptosis. In sepsis, interleukin (IL)-12 secreted by dendritic cell exposure to lipopolysaccharide increased the expression of Tim-3 in NKT cells. Administration of α-lactose to block Tim-3 signaling pathway significantly improved the survival of septic mice, concomitant with reduced IL-12 production by dendritic cells, reduced Tim-3 expression, prevented NKT cell apoptosis, and attenuated production of inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, Tim-3 signaling in NKT cells plays a critical role in the immunopathogenesis of sepsis. Thus, α-lactose could be a promising immunomodulatory agent in the treatment of sepsis.

Netrin-1 promotes cell migration and invasion by down-regulation of BVES expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

The axon guidance cues netrin-1 has been reported to be associated with cancer progression in various types of human cancers. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of netrin-1-mediated metastasis remains obscure. In this study, we found that overexpression of netrin-1 promoted HCC cell migration and invasion as determined by transwell assay and 3D cell culture assay. However, netrin-1 knockdown inhibited these processes. Further investigation indicated that netrin-1 decreased the expression of Blood Vessel Epicardial Substance (BVES), which was down-regulated in HCC. Interestingly, LY294002, a special inhibitor to PI3K/AKT signaling which was determined as a downstream pathway of netrin-1, restored the reduction in BVES caused by netrin-1. In addition, BVES exhibited an opposite effect on HCC cell metastasis to that of netrin-1. Importantly, up-regulating BVES expression significantly attenuated netrin-1-enhanced migration and invasion, whereas silencing BVES expression rescued the metastatic phenotype in netrin-1 knockdown cells. Moreover, netrin-1 expression was negatively correlated with BVES in HCC tissues and cell lines with different metastatic potential. Taken together, these results reveal that netrin-1 promotes HCC cell metastasis by regulating BVES expression via AKT activation.

PEG10 promotes the migration of human Burkitt's lymphoma cells by up-regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9.

PURPOSE: Paternally expressed gene 10 (PEG10) is important for apoptosis resistance in cancer cells; however, the effect of PEG10 on tumor cell migration remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of PEG10 on proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion and migration in the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line, Raji. METHODS: Apoptosis was induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in pcDNA3.0/PEG10 transiently transfected HEK293T cells and PEG10-suppressed Raji cells. siRNAPEG10 was used to inhibit PEG10 expression. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) were performed to analyze the effect of PEG10 on apoptosis. CCK-8 were performed to detect cell proliferation and adhesion. Matrigel invasion were performed using PEG10-suppressed Raji cells to investigate cell migration. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases -2and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) were analyzed in PEG10-suppressed Raji cells using both real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. RESULTS: HEK293T cells that overexpressed PEG10 exhibited greater viability 48 h following treatment with 5-FU, relative to control cells. Specific inhibition of PEG10 expression by siRNA resulted in inhibition of growth and apoptosis in Raji cells. Adherence and invasion capabilities were downregulated and expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were reduced in PEG10-suppressed Raji cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrated that PEG10 enhances the apoptotic resistance and viability of Raji cells. The migration and adherence invasion capacity of Raji cells could potentially be affected by regulation of the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Our research provides a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy of lymphoma.