Apollo: a sequence annotation editor.

The well-established inaccuracy of purely computational methods for annotating genome sequences necessitates an interactive tool to allow biological experts to refine these approximations by viewing and independently evaluating the data supporting each annotation. Apollo was developed to meet this need, enabling curators to inspect genome annotations closely and edit them. FlyBase biologists successfully used Apollo to annotate the Drosophila melanogaster genome and it is increasingly being used as a starting point for the development of customized annotation editing tools for other genome projects.

Post-ischemic treatment with a lazaroid (U74389G) prevents transient global ischemic damage in rat hippocampus.

The ability of an experimental lazaroid, U74389G, to prevent damage to hippocampal CA1 cytoarchitecture due to transient global ischemia was studied by light and electron microscopy. Post-ischemic rats were given a single i.p. dose of lazaroid (6 or 18 mg kg-1) at 5 min after revival by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Without lazaroid treatment the number of normal-appearing neurons in the CA1 region declined from a normal value of 15.49 +/- 2.21 to 8.40 +/- 10.08 per 100 microns2 on day 7 after the ischemic episode, and there was extensive damage visible in the cytoarchitecture of this region. In lazaroid treated rats, the normal cytoarchitecture was retained and the number of normal-appearing cells was maintained at 15.10 +/- 2.22 per 100 microns2. Ultrastructure studies indicated that pyknotic pyramidal cells laden with lysosomal aggregates were common in untreated post-ischemic rats but rare in lazaroid-treated rats. These results indicate that U74389G maintained the structural integrity of this region of the brain after transient global ischemia and suggest that this lazaroid may be an effective neuroprotectant.