RESUMO
In the current study, the actor-observer effect is tested with both mock parole board members and the public evaluating the responsibility of parole board members for a decision resulting in a parolee reoffending and committing a murder. Participants (two samples with a combined N = 1317) were randomly assigned to act as a mock parole board member and make a decision (which ended in the parolee reoffending) or as a member of the public who read a story about the same parole decision and outcome. Findings suggest that the traditional actor-observer asymmetry emerged across blame and responsibility concepts, emotion and moral judgments. Overall, the public held harsher judgments than the mock parole board members. Implications regarding self-enhancement, methodology and attribution theory are discussed.
RESUMO
AIMS: Hemoglobin A1C is universally used as a marker for glycemic control and to establish glycemic goals in patients with diabetes. In the older population, experts recommend liberating A1C goals to decrease the risk of hypoglycemia. However, it's not clear which A1C level is optimal for this purpose. This study's aim was to understand the relationship between A1C levels and risk of hypoglycemia. METHODS: In a prospective study, we performed continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on older adults on insulin. Hypoglycemia duration and A1C were measured at baseline while patients were on multiple insulin injections, and again after de-intensification to once-a-day basal insulin with non-insulin agents. RESULTS: We assessed 65 patients; mean age76±6years with on average 3.7±1.3 insulin injections/day. At baseline, 26% of the patients had A1C<7% (53mmol/mol), 42% between 7.1% and 8% (54-64mmol/mol), 21% between 8.1% and 9% (65-75mmol/mol), and 11% >9% (76mmol/mol). The duration of hypoglycemia (<70mg/dl, <60mg/dl, <50mg/dl) was not different between the A1c groups, regardless of treatment intensity (multiple insulin injections or once-a-day-basal insulin with non-insulin agents). CONCLUSIONS: A1C levels are not associated with hypoglycemia risk in older population with type-2 diabetes on insulin therapy. Higher A1C goals do not protect against hypoglycemia.