Responsiveness of the German version of the Neck Disability Index in chronic neck pain patients: a prospective cohort study with a seven-week follow-up.

BACKGROUND: The need for an efficient and feasible strategy to deal with neck pain has a high priority for many countries. Validated assessment tools like the Neck Disability Index (NDI) to evaluate the functional status of a neck pain patient are urgently needed to treat and to follow-up patients purposefully. A German version (NDI-G) was shown to be valid and reliable, but has so far not been tested for responsiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the NDI-G`s responsiveness. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study with a seven-week follow-up. Fifty chronic neck pain patients filled out NDI-G twice. Additionally, the Patients' Global Impression of Change score (PGIC) was assessed at follow-up. Wilcoxon and Spearman tests were used to assess direction and strength of the association between the change in NDI-G and PGIC. The receiver operating characteristics method and the area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to assess sensitivity and specificity of the NDI-G change over time. RESULTS: The Wilcoxon test showed statistically significant differences for NDI-G at baseline and follow-up in the total sample, the "clinically improved" and "clinically not improved" subgroups as indicated in the PGIC. Spearman test resulted in a moderate correlation between the NDI-G and the PGIC (rS = -0.53, p = 0.01) at follow-up. AUC showed an acceptable discrimination [AUC = 0.78 (95% confidence interval 0.64 - 0.91)] of the NDI-G, with a cutoff score of 1.5, between clinically improved and clinically not improved patients, based on the PGIC. CONCLUSIONS: The NDI-G is responsive to change in chronic neck pain. Together with the results of a previous study on its validity and reliability, the NDI-G can be recommended for research and clinical settings in patients with neck pain in German speaking countries. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02676141. February 8, 2016.

Musculoskeletal healthcare at a Swiss university hospital chiropractic medicine outpatient clinic in 2019: a health services research study.

BACKGROUND: The Balgrist University Hospital in Zurich, Switzerland, is an academic hospital focused on musculoskeletal disorders. An integrated chiropractic medicine clinic provides chiropractic care to a broad patient population. This health services research study aims to advance understanding of chiropractic healthcare service for quality assurance and healthcare quality improvement. METHODS: We performed an observational clinical cohort study at the Balgrist chiropractic medicine outpatient clinic in 2019. The records of all patients with initial visits or returning initial visits (> 3 months since last visit) and their subsequent visits from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019, were used to create the study dataset. Data collected included demographic characteristics, diagnoses, imaging data, conservative treatments, surgeries, and other clinical care data. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data. RESULTS: 1844 distinct patients (52% female, mean age 48 ± 17 years) were eligible and included in the study. 1742 patients had a single initial visit, 101 had 2 initial visits, and 1 patient had 3 initial visits during the study period (total of 1947 initial visit records). The most common main diagnoses were low back pain (42%; 95% CI 40-46%), neck pain (22%; 20-24%), and thoracic pain (8%; 7-9%). 32% of patients presented with acute (< 4 weeks) symptoms, 11% subacute (4-12 weeks), and 57% chronic (> 12 weeks). Patients had a median of 5 chiropractic visits during their episode of care within a median of 28 days duration. Only 49% (95% CI 47-52%) of patient records had a clinical outcome that was extractable from routine clinical documentation in the hospital information system. CONCLUSION: This health services study provides an initial understanding of patient characteristics and healthcare delivered in a Swiss academic hospital chiropractic outpatient setting and areas for improved clinical data quality assurance. A more concerted effort to systematically collect patient reported outcome measures would be a worthwhile healthcare quality improvement initiative.

Diagnostic utility of perilesional muscle edema in myositis ossificans.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the value of extensive perilesional muscle edema for the differentiation between myositis ossificans (MO) and malignant intramuscular soft tissue tumors on MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two blinded readers analyzed MR examinations of 90 consecutive patients with intramuscular soft tissue masses (group 1: MO, n = 20; group 2: malignant tumors, n = 70). Extent of edema around lesions was graded (0, none; 1, minimal edema; 2, moderate edema; 3, extensive edema). Edema-lesion ratio (ELR = ratio of the maximal diameter of the edema and the maximal diameter of the central lesion) was calculated. ROC analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kappa test were used. RESULTS: A total of 70% and 60% of patients with MO had edema grade 3 (reader 1/reader 2), 30%/40% edema grade 2. For the patients with malignant tumors, it was 2.9%/1.4% (edema grade 3) and 16%/23% (edema grade 2). Interrater reliability was substantial (kappa = 0.66). Extent of edema was significantly higher for patients of group 1 (p < 0.0001, both readers). Mean ELR was 3.60 (group 1) and 1.35 (group 2), with statistically significant differences (p < 0.0001). Grade 3 edema showed a sensitivity/specificity of 70%/97.1% (reader 1) and 60%/99% (reader 2) for diagnosing MO. For ELR > 2.0, sensitivity was 90% and specificity 91% for diagnosing MO. CONCLUSIONS: Extensive perilesional muscle edema on MRI of more than double the size of the central lesion is highly specific, but not pathognomonic for myositis ossificans in the early/intermediate stage in the differentiation to malignant intramuscular soft tissue lesions.

[Low Back Pain in Pregnancy: Diagnosis, Treatment Options and Outcomes]. / Rückenschmerzen in der Schwangerschaft: Diagnose, Behandlungsoptionen, Outcomes.

Low back pain in pregnancy is a common occurrence and is mainly caused by hormonal and biomechanical changes. Patients with pregnancy-induced low back pain (PILBP) frequently complain of moderate to severe and disabling pain often restricting their daily activities. In these cases, a "watch and wait" approach cannot be the best solution. On the basis of anamnesis and examination PILBP can be divided into three subgroups: pregnancy-related low back pain (PLBP), pelvic girdle pain (PGP) and the combination of PLBP and PGP. The three entities ask for different diagnostic workups and therapeutic modalities. There are many possible treatments for PLBP, however, only a few are based on sound evidence. Information and advice, exercise and training programs, acupuncture, stabilizing belts and analgesic medication can have a positive impact on pain and disability. PGP und PLBP respond well to chiropractic interventions.