Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 89
Filtrar
1.
Adv Food Nutr Res ; 108: 179-221, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38460999

RESUMO

The upcycling of seafood side streams emerges as a crucial facet in the quest for circularity within the food industry, surpassing other food sources in its significance. Seafood side stream plays an indispensable role in global food security and human nutrition. Nevertheless, losses ensue throughout the seafood supply chain, resulting in substantial waste generation. These underutilized seafood by-products contain valuable resources like edible proteins and nitrogenous compounds. Projections indicate that fishery products' utilization for human consumption will soar to 204 MT by 2030. Yet, the industry annually generates millions of tonnes of waste, predominantly from crab, shrimp, and lobster shells, leading to environmental impacts due to COD and BOD issues. A five-tier circular economic model offers a framework to manage seafood side-streams efficiently, with applications spanning pharmaceuticals, food production, animal feed, fertilizers, and energy fuel, thereby maximizing their potential and reducing waste in line with sustainability goals.


Assuntos
Indústria Alimentícia , Rios , Animais , Humanos , Indústria de Processamento de Alimentos , Alimentos Marinhos/análise , Ração Animal
2.
J Food Sci ; 88(12): 5093-5107, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37961005

RESUMO

Allergens, antinutritional factors, and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme present in soymilk limit its consumption as vegan milk. Therefore, the present study focuses on reducing these limiting factors using pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment. In this regard, 20-40 kV/cm electric field was applied to soymilk for the effective treatment periods of 450, 1350, and 2250 ms. After the treatment, a reduction in pH (6.60 ± 0.10 to 6.47 ± 0.12) and an increase in the conductivity (173.03 ± 0.40 to 177.33 ± 0.72 µS) were observed. Furthermore, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), UV (Ultra Violet) intrinsic spectra, and CD (Circular Dichroism) spectra (α-helix reduction and ß-sheet increase) data indicated mild structural changes in the proteins of soymilk. As a result, PEF treatment reduced the soymilk allergenicity (67.33 ± 20.48%), LOX activity (69.45 ± 9.38%), and trypsin inhibitor activity (75.61 ± 4.04%). Apart from that, the color, viscosity, and volatiles of soymilk also had significant changes due to PEF treatment. The aroma changes in PEF-treated soymilk were highly influenced by two major principal component (PC1 & PC2) groups and they accounted for about 70% of the aroma variations. However, these changes were mild and did not induce any off-flavors and the treatment remained effective against the quality hazards like allergens, antinutritional factors, and LOX enzyme. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: PEF treatment of soymilk reduces the possible allergic reactions in human body at least by 30%. Further, it reduces the antinutritional factor and off-odor inducing compounds. Therefore, the PEF treatment can be used in industries as a pre-treatment to produce allergen and antinutritional compounds free protein isolates from soybeans.


Assuntos
Odorantes , Inibidores da Tripsina , Humanos , Alérgenos , Glycine max , Eletricidade , Lipoxigenase
3.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf ; 22(6): 4925-4956, 2023 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37830874

RESUMO

The perceptual behavior of consumers on a product displayed in the market has a vital role in analyzing the importance given to that product. Therefore, various strategies have been developed to understand this consumer behavior in the selection of products. Immersive technologies like virtual, augmented, and mixed reality are among them. With the foremost feature of immersion in the virtual world and interaction of users with virtual objects, virtual reality, and augmented reality have unlocked their potential in research and a user-friendly tool for analyzing consumer behavior. In addition to these technologies, mixed reality also has a significant role in investigating consumer behavior. Studies on immersive technologies in food applications are vast, hence this review focuses on the applications of virtual, augmented, and mixed reality in the food selection behavior of consumers. The behavioral studies are elicited to develop new products based on consumer needs, to understand the shopping behavior in supermarkets for real-time usage, and to know the influence of emotions in a selection of products. The findings suggest that virtual, augmented, and mixed reality induce immersion of the users in food selection behavioral studies. Information on the technological advancements in the tools used for bringing immersion and interaction are discussed for its futuristic applications in food. Though immersive technology gives users a realistic virtual environment experience, its application in food systems is in the budding stage. More research on human response studies would contribute to its innovative and inevitable application in the future.


Assuntos
Realidade Aumentada , Odorantes , Humanos , Comportamento do Consumidor , Paladar , Alimentos
4.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; 63(32): 11370-11384, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35758273

RESUMO

At the beginning of the 21st century, many consumers show interest in purchasing safe, healthy, and nutritious foods. The intent requirement of end-users and many food product manufacturers are trying to feature a new processing technique for the healthy food supply. The non-thermal nature of cold plasma treatment is one of the leading breakthrough technologies for several food processing applications. The beneficial response of cold plasma processing on food quality characteristics is widely accepted as a substitution technique for new food manufacturing practices. This review aims to elaborate and offer crispy innovative ideas on cold plasma application in various food processing channels. It highlights the scientific approaches on the principle of generation and mechanism of cold plasma treatment on rheological properties of foods. It provides an overview of the behavior of cold plasma in terms of viscosity, crystallization, gelatinization, shear stress, and shear rate. Research reports highlighted that the cold plasma treated samples demonstrated a pseudoplastic behavior. The published literatures indicated that the cold plasma is a potential technology for modification of native starch to obtain desirable rheological properties. The adaptability and environmentally friendly nature of non-thermal cold plasma processing provide exclusive advantages compared to the traditional processing technique.


Assuntos
Gases em Plasma , Qualidade dos Alimentos , Amido/química , Viscosidade , Tecnologia , Reologia
5.
Food Chem ; 405(Pt A): 134746, 2023 Mar 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36335730

RESUMO

Cold plasma- the fourth state of matter generated at room temperature is composed of several reactive species that account for chemical and physical changes in biological materials. Applications of plasma in food include but are not limited to maintaining safety, quality, and property modification. However, plasma application in the food sector lacks a detailed understanding of the cause of alteration in food. While several plasma reactive species could potentially be involved in biomolecular interactions, only a few reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) have been examined in detail. The lack of identifying reactive species with respect to the changes in process parameters leads to misconceptions about the actual chemical reaction. Therefore, this review explores the possibility of using different feed gases to alter species composition and emphasizes that all reactive species are equally involved in modifying food components, alongside the futuristic means of using molecular dynamics simulation to fill the knowledge gap.


Assuntos
Gases em Plasma , Espécies Reativas de Nitrogênio , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Alimentos , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Alérgenos
6.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; : 1-24, 2022 Nov 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36322685

RESUMO

Starch is present in high amount in various cereals, fruits and roots & tubers which finds major application in industry. Commercially, starch is rarely consumed or processed in its native form, thus modification of starch is widely used method for increasing its application and process stability. Due to the high demand for starch in industrial applications, researchers were driven to hunt for new sources of starch, including modification of starch through green processing. Thermal properties are significant reference parameters for evaluating the quality of starch when it comes to cooking and processing. Modification of starches affects the thermal properties, which are widely studied using Differential scanning calorimeter or Thermogravimetric analysis. It could lead to a better understanding of starch's thermal properties including factors influencing and expand its commercial applications as a thickener, extender, fat replacer, etc. in more depth. Therefore, the review presents the classification of starches, factors influencing the thermal properties, measurement methods and thermal properties of starch in its native and modified form. Further, this review concludes that extensive research on the thermal properties of new sources of starch, as well as modified starch, is required to boost thermal stability and extend industrial applications.

7.
Polymers (Basel) ; 14(21)2022 Nov 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36365720

RESUMO

Increasing global environmental problems and awareness towards the utilization of eco-friendly resources enhanced the progress of research towards the development of next-generation biodegradable and environmentally friendly material. The development of natural-based composite material has led to various advantages such as a reduction in greenhouse gases and carbon footprints. In spite of the various advantages obtained from green materials, there are also a few disadvantages, such as poor interfacial compatibility between the polymer matrix and natural reinforcements and the high hydrophilicity of composites due to the reinforcement of hydrophilic natural fibers. This review focuses on various moisture-absorbing and sound-absorbing natural fiber polymer composites along with the synopsis of preparation methods of natural fiber polymer composites. It was stated in various studies that natural fibers are durable with a long life but their moisture absorption behavior depends on various factors. Such natural fibers possess different moisture absorption behavior rates and different moisture absorption behavior. The conversion of hydrophilic fibers into hydrophobic is deemed very important in improving the mechanical, thermal, and physical properties of the natural-fiber-reinforced polymer composites. One more physical property that requires the involvement of natural fibers in place of synthetic fibers is the sound absorption behavior. Various researchers have made experiments using natural-fiber-reinforced polymer composites as sound-absorbing materials. It was found from various studies that composites with higher thickness, porosity, and density behaved as better sound-absorbing materials.

8.
Indian J Surg Oncol ; 10(1): 65-71, 2019 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30948875

RESUMO

Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most feared complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) that leads to intra-abdominal abscess, sepsis, or bleeding and remains the single most important source of morbidity and mortality after PD. To minimize this dreaded complication, various surgical techniques and modifications of pancreaticoenteric reconstruction have been proposed. However, still POPF does occur even in experienced hands. We herein describe the outcome of 150 post PD patients who underwent duct-to-mucosa (DM) pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) using a special technique, Blumgart's "through & through" U transpancreatic sutures. The technique is described in detail. Postoperative octreotide and metoclopramide were used in all patients for 3 days. An enhanced recovery (ERAS) protocol was followed in a subset of patients. All patients were ASA grade 1 and had adenocarcinoma of the periampullary region/pancreatic head and underwent standard pylorus resecting PD after due optimization. Eighty-eight (58.7%) patients had pancreatic duct < 3 mm and pancreatic texture was soft to very soft in 112 (74.6%) patients. There was only one International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) grade C POPF with concomitant hemorrhage. Five patients developed ISGPS grade B and two grade C, delayed gastric emptying (DGE). There was no 30-day mortality. The average length of hospital stay was 7.3 ± 4.2 days with a median of 6 days in the ERAS subset of patients. Blumgart's "through & through" DMPJ technique is very helpful in reducing the POPF and other complications even in high-risk pancreas (i.e., soft with a small pancreatic duct) and is easy to learn and perform.

9.
Eur J Neurol ; 26(9): 1153-1160, 2019 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30924985

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Prior literature on subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has mostly focused on memory complaints. It is uncertain whether the other non-memory complaints are equally relevant and can be used, alongside memory complaints, to identify populations at high risk of cognitive impairment. How the memory and non-memory complaints of SCD cluster with each other amongst community-dwelling individuals was investigated, and the differential utility of the symptom clusters of SCD in predicting objective cognitive performance was evaluated. METHODS: This study included 736 participants who were ≥60 years and had normal cognition, using the baseline data of an ongoing cohort study. Participants completed baseline assessments which comprised an SCD scale, a global cognitive measure and neuropsychological tests. Symptom clusters of SCD - as identified from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses - were included in structural equation models to predict baseline changes in neuropsychological tests. RESULTS: The symptoms of SCD were split into two distinct factors, of which factor 1 was reported much more frequently than factor 2. Each standard deviation (SD) increment in factor 1 led to a 0.16-0.50 SD increase in global cognition, immediate memory, visuospatial abilities, language, attention and delayed memory (P < 0.05). In contrast, each SD increment in factor 2 worsened some of the cognitive domains by 0.18-0.37 SD. CONCLUSIONS: The various complaints of SCD can have different implications amongst cognitively normal older persons and may possibly be classified into age-related symptoms and pathological symptoms. The findings highlight the need for caution when selecting SCD measures, and illustrate the potential utility of SCD subtypes to inform on the underlying neurobiology.


Assuntos
Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Cognição/fisiologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/fisiopatologia , Autoavaliação Diagnóstica , Função Executiva/fisiologia , Memória/fisiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Vida Independente , Análise de Classes Latentes , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes Neuropsicológicos
10.
J Dermatolog Treat ; 30(7): 724-726, 2019 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30646797

RESUMO

Objective: Tap water iontophoresis as a treatment for focal hyperhidrosis is given as an initial series of treatments in hospital, followed by home maintenance treatments. Our study assessed quality of life and perception of hyperhidrosis with the use of iontophoresis. Materials and methods: All patients treated with iontophoresis at our hospital from 2012 to 2017 were retrospectively assessed (n = 82, mean age 34 years; 60% female). Fifty of the 82 patients (mean age 34 years; 60% female) had a pre-treatment DLQI (mean 12.6). Twenty-three of these patients (mean age 33 years; 60% female) had a paired pre- and post-treatment DLQI recorded. The average DLQI pre-treatment was 14.1 and post-treatment was 2.2. Therefore, the average reduction (improvement) was 11.9 (p < .05). Results: Thirty-eight of the 82 patients (46%) completed a telephone interview (mean age 35 years; 65% female). Of this cohort, 24 had an improvement in HDSS following treatment, and the remaining 14 patients had no change. Nine patients (24%) bought their own iontophoresis machine. In these patients, there was a higher average improvement in HDSS (1.8), compared to the total interviewed cohort (1.0). Conclusion: In conclusion, tap water iontophoresis can result in a significant improvement in perceived severity of hyperhidrosis and quality of life.


Assuntos
Hiperidrose/terapia , Iontoforese/métodos , Adulto , Feminino , Hospitais Gerais , Humanos , Hiperidrose/psicologia , Masculino , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Água
11.
J Prev Alzheimers Dis ; 5(1): 21-25, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29405228

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between long-term tea consumption and depressive and anxiety symptoms in community-living elderly. DESIGN: Community based cross-sectional study. SETTING: The Diet and Healthy Aging Study (DaHA), a prospective cohort study in Singapore. PARTICIPANTS: 614 elderly aged 60 years and above, who were free of dementia and cognitive impairment. MEASUREMENTS: Information on tea consumption was obtained through interviewer-administered questionnaire. Long-term tea drinking was defined as regular consumption for at least 15 years. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and the 20-item Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI), respectively. A generalized structural equation model (gSEM) was applied to ascertain the association between long-term tea consumption and depressive and anxiety symptoms. RESULTS: About 59% of the subjects had consumed tea for over 15 years. Long term tea consumption was significantly associated with a reduced odds of having depressive and anxiety symptoms, after adjusting for demographics (i.e., age, gender, education and ethnicity), comorbid conditions (i.e., heart disease, diabetes, stroke, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia) and long-term coffee consumption. CONCLUSION: There was evidence suggesting that long-term tea consumption was associated with reduced depressive and anxiety symptoms among community-living elderly. This suggests that it is worthwhile to further investigate the role of tea's bioactive compounds in promoting mental health in aging.


Assuntos
Ansiedade/prevenção & controle , Depressão/prevenção & controle , Comportamento de Ingestão de Líquido , Chá , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Avaliação Geriátrica , Envelhecimento Saudável , Humanos , Vida Independente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Inquéritos e Questionários
12.
J Appl Microbiol ; 121(6): 1637-1652, 2016 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27567126

RESUMO

AIM: Aim of this study was isolation and screening of various secondary metabolites produced by indigenous isolates of soil Actinomycetes for human telomerase inhibitory activity. METHODS AND RESULTS: Extracellular extract from culture suspension of various soil Actinomycetes species were tested for telomerase inhibitory activity. The organism which produced telomerase inhibitor was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The active fraction was purified by HPLC and analysed by GC-MS to identify the compound. In GC-MS analysis, the active principle was identified as 3-[4'-(2″-chlorophenyl)-2'-thiazolyl]-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro quinazoline. The G-quadruplex stabilizing ability of the compound was checked by molecular docking and simulation experiments with G-quadruplex model (PDB ID-1L1H). The selective binding ability of the compound with G-quadruplex over Dickerson-Drew dodecamer DNA structures showed that the compound possess high selectivity towards G-quadruplex. CONCLUSIONS: Quinazoline derivative isolated from an indigenous strain of Nocardiopsis alba inhibited telomerase. Molecular docking and simulation studies predicted that this compound is a strong stabilizer of G-quadruplex conformation. It also showed a preferable binding to G-quadruplex DNA over normal DNA duplex. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This particular compound can be suggested as a suitable compound for developing a future anticancer drug. The selectivity towards G-quadruplex over normal DNA duplex gives a clue that it is likely to show lower cytotoxicity in normal cells.


Assuntos
Actinobacteria/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Quinazolinas/farmacologia , Telomerase/antagonistas & inibidores , Actinobacteria/genética , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos/metabolismo , DNA/metabolismo , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/isolamento & purificação , Inibidores Enzimáticos/metabolismo , Quadruplex G , Humanos , Ligantes , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Quinazolinas/química , Quinazolinas/isolamento & purificação , Quinazolinas/metabolismo
13.
Psychol Health ; 31(11): 1293-310, 2016 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27356241

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study explores (1) the motivations and challenges facing family caregiving for cancer in Singapore and (2) suggests a possible framework to guide culturally sensitive future work on caregivers. DESIGN: Twenty caregivers of patients being treated for cancer at a public hospital in Singapore were interviewed. A semi-structured interview format and inductive thematic analysis were used to analyse the data. Caregivers were asked about their motivations for caregiving and the challenges they faced. RESULTS: Caregivers' motivations grouped into three categories: personal value and fulfilment, giving care because of societal expectations such as filial piety, and practical need. Challenges were grouped into interpersonal challenges, disclosure and finding balance. Caregivers with different primary motivations varied in their responses to these challenges. More autonomous caregivers cited learning points and reprioritised more effectively than less autonomous caregivers, who reported more internal conflict and less control over their situation. CONCLUSIONS: In Singapore and Asia, sociocultural values of family caregiving are not uniformly experienced as positive, and may be burdensome for caregivers who give care primarily for extrinsic motivations. As family caregiving needs increase, targeted psychosocial support for caregivers with less autonomous behavioural orientations may pre-empt caregiver burnout and burden.


Assuntos
Cuidadores/psicologia , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Motivação , Neoplasias/psicologia , Adulto , Características Culturais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/terapia , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Singapura , Valores Sociais , Adulto Jovem
14.
East Asian Arch Psychiatry ; 26(1): 10-7, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27086755

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Pharmacotherapy of depression in children and adolescents is complex. In the absence of research into the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in this group of patients, their off-label prescription is common. This paper aimed to illustrate the prescription pattern of antidepressants in children and adolescents from major psychiatric centres in Asia. METHODS: The Research on Asia Psychotropic Prescription Pattern on Antidepressants worked collaboratively in 2013 to study the prescription pattern of antidepressants in Asia using a unified research protocol and questionnaire. Forty psychiatric centres from 10 Asian countries / regions participated and 2321 antidepressant prescriptions were analysed. RESULTS: A total of 4.7% antidepressant prescriptions were for children and adolescents. Fluoxetine, sertraline, and escitalopram were the most common antidepressants prescribed for children and adolescents. Almost one-third (30.3%) of prescriptions were for diagnoses other than depressive and anxiety disorders. There was less antidepressant polypharmacy and concomitant use of benzodiazepine, but more concomitant use of antipsychotics in children and adolescents compared with adults. CONCLUSION: Off-label use of antidepressants in children and adolescents was reported by 40 Asian psychiatric institutions that participated in the study. In-service education and regulatory mechanisms should be reinforced to ensure efficacy and safety of antidepressants in children and adolescents.


Assuntos
Antidepressivos/uso terapêutico , Transtornos de Ansiedade/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno Depressivo/tratamento farmacológico , Padrões de Prática Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Ásia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
15.
Clin Ter ; 164(3): e169-72, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23868632

RESUMO

AIM: The association of second generation antipsychotic medications and hyperglycaemia has been reported for Caucasian populations but is unknown for asian patients who unfortunately are predisposed to diabetes. We report the findings from a health quality improvement project which tracked patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder newly started on second generation antipsychotics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 266 patients were newly started on second generation antipsychotics in a 2 year period. Amongst the baseline parameters monitored was the fasting plasma glucose levels. Repeat testing was done at 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 12 months. RESULTS: 14 patients were excluded form the analysis as they had diabetes at the start of treatment with second generation antipsychotics. Hyperglycaemia was found in 88 patients (34.9%). 68 (77.3%) of these patients experienced the Hyperglycaemia at 12 weeks, 3 patients (3.4%) at 4 weeks and 17 patients (19.3%) at 12 months. Fasting plasma glucose levels were highest at 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the limitations of the project, the one third prevalence of hyperglycaemia amongst patients newly started on second generation antipsychotics is a cause for concern and suggests the need for further extensive follow-up and assessment of the problem.


Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Hiperglicemia/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Idoso , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperglicemia/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto Jovem
17.
Ann R Coll Surg Engl ; 90(6): 457-63, 2008 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18765023

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Pruritus ani is a common condition with many causes, predominately anorectal pathology. There are some new insights and therapies, but the most recommendations are based on low-level evidence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A literature search was carried out using Medline and the internet with the keywords 'pruritus ani' from 1950 to 2007. RESULTS: A review of the evidence is presented and a management plan based on the elimination of irritants and scratching, general control measures and active treatment measures is offered. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of primary and secondary pruritus ani has a good prospect of regression of symptoms and skin changes.


Assuntos
Prurido Anal , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Vestuário , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/complicações , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Fezes , Humanos , Higiene , Infecções/complicações , Irritantes/efeitos adversos , Líquen Escleroso e Atrófico/complicações , Anamnese/métodos , Exame Físico/métodos , Prurido Anal/diagnóstico , Prurido Anal/etiologia , Prurido Anal/terapia , Psoríase/complicações , Neoplasias Cutâneas/complicações
18.
Cell Mol Life Sci ; 64(7-8): 979-88, 2007 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17385073

RESUMO

Recently, we have shown that hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising modality for the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). The present study evaluated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) following hypericin-PDT in well-differentiated HK1 NPC cells. Down-regulation of MMP-9 by hypericin-PDT was observed at the mRNA level in HK1 cells in vitro and in vivo and at the protein level in vitro. Transcriptional activities of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB regulatory elements were inhibited by PDT. We also found that PDT reduced secreted granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which is known to activate transcription of NK-kappaB and AP-1. However, incubation of untreated HK1 cells with exogenous GM-CSF abrogated the reduction of MMP-9 production in hypericin-PDT-treated cells. It would appear that PDT downregulates MMP-9 expression via inhibition of GM-CSF production, which in turn modulates AP1/NF-kappaB transcriptional activities. Suppression of MMP-9 by hypericin-PDT may have therapeutic implications.


Assuntos
Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/genética , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/tratamento farmacológico , Perileno/análogos & derivados , Fotoquimioterapia , Animais , Antracenos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Fibroblastos , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos e Macrófagos/metabolismo , Herpesvirus Humano 4/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/genética , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patologia , Perileno/uso terapêutico , Fator de Transcrição AP-1/metabolismo , Ativação Transcricional/efeitos dos fármacos
19.
Singapore Med J ; 48(2): e68-70, 2007 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17304385

RESUMO

Musical hallucinations are a rare phenomenon in neurological and psychiatric patients. There are clinical case reports and a few studies which describe the condition. Musical hallucinations have a heterogeneous clinical and pathophysiological aetiology, and have been reported in the elderly and in those with hearing impairment, central nervous system disorders and psychiatric disorders. The psychopathology is reviewed and three cases seen in a psychiatric setting are reported.


Assuntos
Alucinações/psicologia , Música/psicologia , Idoso , Depressão/complicações , Transtorno Distímico/complicações , Feminino , Alucinações/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/complicações , Presbiacusia/complicações
20.
Singapore Med J ; 48(2): 163-5, 2007 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17304398

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Insomnia is a common complaint associated with psychiatric disorders. Detection and diagnosis of insomnia can be a challenge at the primary care level. Patients often present with various kinds of psychological symptoms. Therefore, a high index of suspicion and careful assessments are crucial in eliciting signs and symptoms and making an accurate diagnosis of primary insomnia or a psychiatric disorder. METHODS: This study was undertaken at the end of 2005, and is a retrospective review of all patients referred to the Insomnia Clinic and seen by the principal author in a three-year period between 2002 and 2005. Relevant data was collected from the medical records of patients who attended the clinic during this period. RESULTS: In this study of 141 patients seen at an Insomnia Clinic, 47.5 percent had primary insomnia, while 52.5 percent had a primary diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder. 41.1 percent of those diagnosed with a primary psychiatric disorder had comorbid psychiatric disorders and 4.3 percent had substance abuse problems. CONCLUSION: The various psychiatric disorders present in this group of patients highlight the need for careful assessment and recognition of these associations.


Assuntos
Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/psicologia , Adulto , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Comorbidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA