Histamine H4 receptor gene polymorphisms: a potential predictor of oral H1 antihistamine efficacy for allergic rhinitis.

BACKGROUND: Our study aimed to investigate the associations between Histamine H4 receptor (HRH4) gene polymorphisms (rs77485247, rs74604924, and rs77041280) and oral H1 antihistamine efficacy for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) patients. METHODS: A total of 142 AR patients were selected as a case group and 160 healthy individuals were recruited as a control group. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HRH4 gene were detected using direct sequencing. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), specific IgE, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical efficacy was evaluated by the visual analogue scale (VAS). The occurrence of adverse reaction was recorded. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the distribution frequencies of mutant genotype (TA + AA) and A allele of rs77485247, mutant genotype (AT + TT) and T allele of rs74604924, and mutant genotype (AT + TT) and T allele of rs77041280 between the case and control groups. AR patients with mutant genotype (TA + AA) of rs77485247 and AR patients with mutant genotype (AT + TT) of rs77041280 had higher specific IgE, ECP levels, and VAS scores after treatment and lower incidence of adverse reactions and total effective rate than those with TT genotype and those with AA genotype, respectively. However, for rs74604924, there were no differences was found between AR patients with mutant genotype (AT + TT) and those with AA genotype. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence that HRH4 rs77485247 and rs77041280 polymorphisms may be associated with the risk of AR and the efficacy of H1 antihistamines for the treatment of AR patients.

[Effect of preoperative skeletal traction and skin traction on operative indicators and functional outcome of patients with femur fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect on surgical indicators and functional outcome between preoperative skeletal traction and skin traction for adult femoral fracture and guide the choice of preoperative traction method of adult femoral fractures. METHODS: From February 2008 to September 2012, 68 patients aged greater than 18-year-old with femoral fractures were treated and randomly divided into two groups according hospitalization order,the odd with skeletal traction of tibial tubercle (group A) and the even with skin traction (group B). In group A, there were 25 males and 9 females with an average age of (36.3±9.9) years old,including 11 cases with transverse fracture, 15 cases with oblique fracture, 8 cases with spiral fracture. In group B, there 26 males and 8 females with an average age of (37.1±11.0) years old,including 10 cases with transverse fracture, 13 cases with oblique fracture,11 cases with spiral fracture. The operative time,blood loss,the number and amount of blood transfusion ,fracture healing time, hemoglobin, pain scores and functional scores between two groups were analyzed and compared. Results:All patients were followed up, the follow-up time was (33.5±6.5) months in group A, (31.3±7.5) months in groupB. In group A,the operation time was (108.8±14.2) min and the intraoperative blood loss was (383.1±117.1) ml and the postoperative blood transfusion was 14 cases and the blood transfusion was (350.0±122.5) ml and the average bone healing time was(15.0±3.3) weeks. In group B, the operation time was (111.6±12.7) min and the intraoperative blood loss was (392.0± 116.7) ml and the blood transfusion was 11 cases and the blood transfusion was(327.3±129.1) ml and the average healing time was (15.5±3.4) weeks. These obseration indicators had no significant difference between two groups. There was no significant difference between two groups in terms of Hemoglobin, the pain scores before and after traction, the femoral fractures efficacy score,knee function score and knee range. CONCLUSION: Preoperative skeletal traction does not reduce surgery time, blood loss and pain and so on. The bone healing time and limb functional outcomes were also not significantly improved.