Translation and validation of the caregiving burden scale for family caregivers of children with cancer in chinese population.

BACKGROUND: Effective response and reducing the burden of family care for children with cancer is critical, and China currently lacks a specific assessment tool. AIMS: This study aimed to translate and validate the Caregiving Burden Scale for Family Caregivers of Children with Cancer (CBSFC-CC) and then test and implement the tool. METHODS: According to the Beaton cross-cultural debugging guide, preliminary Chinese version of CBSFC-CC scale was formed, which was suitable for Chinese language environment and clinical context. Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were performed to verify structural validity. Convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability were also conducted. RESULTS: A total of 529 family caregivers of children with cancer participated in the survey. EFA extracts and combines four factors and explained 65.80% of the total variation. CFA proved that all the goodness-of-fit indicators were acceptable. The Cronbach's alpha of the Chinese version of CBSFC-CC was .96, and the test-retest reliability coefficient was .95. Four dimensions and 29 items were identified in the final Chinese version of CBSFC-CC. CONCLUSION: The chinese version CBSFC-CC is scientifically reasonable and has good reliability and validity, which can be applied to the investigation of the nursing burden of family caregivers of children with cancer in China.

Impact of exercise dosages based on American College of Sports Medicine recommendations on lipid metabolism in patients after PCI: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: The impact of exercise dosages based on American College of Sports Medicine(ACSM) recommendations on lipid metabolism in patients after PCI remains unclear. This study conducted a meta-analysis of reported exercise dosages from the literature to address this knowledge gap. METHODS: A comprehensive search of databases was conducted to identify eligible randomized controlled studies of exercise interventions in patients after PCI, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Based on the recommended exercise dosages from ACSM for patients with coronary heart disease, exercise doses in the literature that met the inclusion criteria were categorized into groups that were highly compliant with ACSM recommendations and those with low or uncertain ACSM recommendations. The topic was the effect of exercise dose on lipid metabolism in post-PCI patients. This was assessed using standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for changes in triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL. RESULTS: This systematic review included 10 randomized controlled studies. The subgroup analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the high compliance with ACSM recommendations group for triglycerides [SMD=-0.33 (95% CI -0.62, -0.05)], total cholesterol [SMD=-0.55 (95% CI -0.97, -0.13)], low-density lipoprotein [SMD=-0.31 (95% CI -0.49, -0.13)], high-density lipoprotein [SMD = 0.23 (95% CI 0.01, 0.46)], and body mass index [SMD=-0.52 (95% CI -0.87, -0.17)]. Compared to the low or uncertain compliance with ACSM recommendations group, the high compliance group exhibited significant differences in improving TC levels (-0.55(H) vs. -0.46(L)), HDL levels (0.23(H) vs. 0.22(L)), and BMI (-0.52(H) vs. -0.34(L)). CONCLUSIONS: This study supports that high compliance with ACSM-recommended exercise dosages has significant impacts on improving TC levels, HDL levels, and BMI. However, no advantage was observed for TG or LDL levels.

Investigation of the application of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in elderly patients undergoing surgery for kidney stones.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and application of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in elderly patients undergoing surgery for kidney stones. METHODS: Clinical data of 104 elderly patients who underwent kidney stone surgery at West China Hospital, Sichuan University from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The patients were divided into two groups according to different nursing plans. Among them, 52 patients in the control group received conventional nursing, and 52 patients in the study group received ERAS mode nursing. Postoperative recovery, anxiety, complications, stress response and quality of life were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The time to recovery of postoperative rehabilitation indices in the research group was significantly shorter compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The research group also exhibited a significantly lower incidence of complications such as hematuria, abdominal pain, vomiting, chills, fever, and hypotension (all P < 0.05). Before the initiation of nursing care, there were no significant differences in the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) and Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI) scores between the two groups (both P > 0.05). However, after nursing care, the research group exhibited lower SAI and TAI scores compared to the control group (all P < 0.05). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the General Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) scores in any dimension between the two groups before nursing care (P > 0.05), but the research group showcased higher scores in every dimension after nursing care (P < 0.05). The levels of Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Endothelin-1 (ET-1), Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), and Cortisol (Cor) were significantly lower in the research group after nursing care (all P < 0.05). The acknowledgment and approval scores of nursing care in the research group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The application of ERAS in elderly patients with kidney stones undergoing transurethral ureteral holmium laser lithotripsy is efficacious in mitigating stress reactions, enhancing quality of life and reducing perioperative anxiety, minimizing the incidence of complications, and promoting overall patient recovery.

Naringin from Ganshuang granule inhibits inflammatory to relieve liver fibrosis through TGF-ß-Smad signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to investigate the specific protective effects and underlying mechanisms of Ganshuang granule (GSG) on dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rat models. METHODS: Hepatic fibrosis was experimentally evoked in rats by DMN administration, and varying dosages of GSG were employed as an intervention. Hepatocellular damage was assessed by measuring serum levels of aminotransferase and bilirubin, accompanied by histopathological examinations of hepatic tissue. The hepatic concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) were quantitated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) within hepatic tissue was evaluated using immunohistochemical techniques. The levels of hepatic interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and a spectrum of interleukins (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10) were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Additionally, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were cultured in vitro and exposed to TNF-α in the presence of naringin, a principal component of GSG. The gene expression levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and matrix metallopeptidase-1 (MMP-1) in these cells were also quantified by qRT-PCR. Proliferative activity of HSCs was evaluated by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Finally, alterations in Smad protein expression were analyzed through Western blotting. RESULTS: Administration of GSG in rats with fibrosis resulted in reduced levels of serum aminotransferases and bilirubin, along with alleviation of histopathological liver injury. Furthermore, the fibrosis rats treated with GSG exhibited significant downregulation of hepatic TGF-ß1, PDGF, and TNF-α levels. Additionally, GSG treatment led to increased mRNA levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-4, as well as decreased expression of α-SMA in the liver. Furthermore, treatment with naringin, a pivotal extract of GSG, resulted in elevated expression of MMP-1 and decreased levels of TIMP-1 in TNF-α-stimulated HSCs when compared to the control group. Additionally, naringin administration led to a reduction in Smad expression within the HSCs. CONCLUSION: GSG has the potential to mitigate fibrosis induced by DMN in rat models through the regulation of inflammatory and fibrosis factors. Notably, naringin, the primary extract of GSG, may exert a pivotal role in modulating the TGF-ß-Smad signaling pathway.

Macrophage Perspectives in Liver Diseases: Programmed Death, Related Biomarkers, and Targeted Therapy.

Macrophages, as important immune cells of the organism, are involved in maintaining intrahepatic microenvironmental homeostasis and can undergo rapid phenotypic changes in the injured or recovering liver. In recent years, the crucial role of macrophage-programmed cell death in the development and regression of liver diseases has become a research hotspot. Moreover, macrophage-targeted therapeutic strategies are emerging in both preclinical and clinical studies. Given the macrophages' vital role in complex organismal environments, there is tremendous academic interest in developing novel therapeutic strategies that target these cells. This review provides an overview of the characteristics and interactions between macrophage polarization, programmed cell death, related biomarkers, and macrophage-targeted therapies. It aims to deepen the understanding of macrophage immunomodulation and molecular mechanisms and to provide a basis for the treatment of macrophage-associated liver diseases.

Predictors of portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis.

BACKGROUND: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a commonthsn complication after splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis. However, the predictors of postoperative PVT are not known. AIM: To investigate the predictors of PVT after splenectomy in patient with cirrhosis. METHODS: A total of 45 patients with cirrhosis who underwent splenectomy were consecutively enrolled from January 2017 to December 2018. The incidence of PVT at 1 months, 3 months, and 12 months after splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis was observed. The hematological indicators, biochemical and coagulation parameters, and imaging features were recorded at baseline and at each observation point. The univariable, multivariable, receiver operating characteristic curve and time-dependent curve analyses were performed. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of PVT was 40.0%, 46.6%, and 48.9% at 1 months, 3 months, and 12 months after splenectomy. Multivariable analysis showed that portal vein diameter (PVD) ≥ 14.5 mm and monthsdel end-stage liver disease (MELD) score > 10 were independent predictors of PVT at 1 months, 3 months, and 12 months after splenectomy (P < 0.05). Time-dependent curve showed that the cumulative incidence of PVT was significantly different between patients with MELD score ≤ 10 and > 10 (P < 0.05). In addition, the cumulative incidence of PVT in the PVD ≥ 14.5 mm group was significantly higher than that in the PVD < 14.5 mm group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Wider PVD and MELD score > 10 were independent predictors of PVT at 1 months, 3 months, and 12 months after splenectomy in patient with cirrhosis.

Comparison of perioperative outcomes of selective arterial clipping guided by near-infrared fluorescence imaging using indocyanine green versus undergoing standard robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: This study employs a meta-analytic approach to investigate the impact of robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy, with and without near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIRF-RAPN vs S-RAPN), on patients' perioperative outcomes and postoperative changes in renal function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors conducted a comprehensive and rigorous systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis of primary outcomes following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), AMSTAR (Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews) Guidelines, and Risk-of-Bias Tool (RoB2). To ensure a thorough search, the authors systematically searched five major databases, including Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science, from databases' inception to April 2023. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of age ( P =0.19), right side ( P =0.54), BMI ( P =0.39), complexity score ( P =0.89), tumor size ( P =0.88), operating time ( P =0.39), estimated blood loss ( P =0.47), length of stay ( P =0.87), complications ( P =0.20), transfusion ( P =0.36), and positive margins ( P =0.38). However, it is noteworthy that the NIRF-RAPN group exhibited significant reductions in warm ischemia time ( P =0.001), the percentage change in estimated glomerular filtration rate at discharge ( P =0.01) compared to the S-RAPN group. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis provides evidence that the group undergoing NIRF-RAPN showed a statistically significant protective effect on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Ferritinophagy: A new idea for liver diseases regulated by ferroptosis.

BACKGROUND: The discovery of regulatory cell death has led to a breakthrough in the therapeutic field. Various forms of cell death, such as necrosis, apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis, play an important role in the development of liver diseases. In general, more than one form of cell death pathways is responsible for the disease state. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the regulation and interaction of various cell death forms in liver diseases. DATA SOURCES: We performed a PubMed search up to November 2022 with the following keywords: ferritinophagy, ferroptosis, and liver disease. We also used terms such as signal path, inducer, and inhibitor to supplement the query results. RESULTS: This review summarized the basic characteristics of ferritinophagy and ferroptosis and the regulation of ferroptosis by ferritinophagy and reviewed the key targets and treatment strategies of ferroptosis in different liver diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Ferritinophagy is a potential therapeutic target in ferroptosis-related liver diseases.

The association between psychological resilience and hair cortisol concentration in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Resilience measures are typically based on subjective self-assessment, which is prone to bias. Objective biological/physiological measures of resilience are therefore needed. Hair cortisol concentration is a particularly promising candidate as a biomarker for resilience. METHODS: We conducted a meta-analytic review from inception to April 2023 in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Psych Info databases. All data were analyzed using a random-effects model. RESULTS: Eight studies were identified that included a total of 1,064 adults. The random effects model demonstrated that resilience and hair cortisol concentration were inversely correlated (r = -0.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.27 to -0.09) with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 54.2%, p = 0.03). The inverse association was stronger in those who were age 40 years or younger compared to those who were over 40 years. The correlation coefficients between psychological resilience and hair cortisol concentration among adults assessed by different resilience measures were r = -0.29 (95% CI = -0.49 to -0.08) for the CD-RISC-10; r = -0.21 (95% CI = -0.31 to -0.11) for the CDRISC- 25, and r = -0.08 (95% CI = -0.22 to 0.06) for the BRS. Six of eight studies examined the connection between resilience and perceived stress, where the weighted mean correlation coefficient was r = -0.45 (95% CI = -0.56 to -0.33), with considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 76.2%, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: There is a negative association between psychological resilience and hair cortisol concentration based on these eight studies. Additional research, particularly prospective studies, is needed to determine whether hair cortisol concentration can be used as a biomarker for psychological resilience.

Nurses' Burnout, Resilience, and Its Associated Factors in Sichuan, China, During the Peak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection.

AIM: To investigate the level of burnout and resilience, and the associated factors when the coronavirus disease 2019 infection hit a peak in the community in Sichuan, China. METHOD: This was a descriptive cross-sectional design study. Data were collected from 25 to 31 December 2022, at six hospitals in Sichuan province. Using convenience sampling, a total of 717 participants were recruited, using the revised version of the Maslach Burnout InventoryGeneral Survey, and the Resilience Assessment Scale for healthcare workers. RESULTS: More than half of nurses reported a moderate level of emotional exhaustion (66.50%, n = 484), cynicism (68.20%, n = 489), and personal accomplishment (68.76%, n = 493); nearly one-third and one-fourth of nurses experienced a high level of emotional exhaustion (27.48%, n = 197) and cynicism (20.78%, n = 149), respectively. In resilience, the highest scoring dimension was interpersonal connectedness, followed by decisional coping, flexible self-adaptation, and rational thinking. Satisfaction with work income, patient-nurse conflict, frequency of overtime work, age, and marital status were significant factors influencing burnout among nurses (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The findings of the study enlighten nursing administrators on the level of burnout and resilience and associated factors among nurses during the peak of coronavirus disease 2019 infection in China. This would be of immense help in planning a welfare program to support the nurses.

Alfosbuvir plus Daclatasvir for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in China.

INTRODUCTION: A pan-genotypic and effective treatment regimen for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains an unmet medical need in China. Alfosbuvir is a novel potent HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitor in development for the treatment of chronic HCV infection. We conducted a phase 3 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of alfosbuvir in combination with daclatasvir in Chinese patients with HCV infection. METHODS: All patients received 600 mg alfosbuvir tablets plus 60 mg daclatasvir tablets once daily for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was sustained virological response 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12). A follow-up visit was done at week 4 and 12, and those who achieved SVR12 were followed up at post-treatment week 24. RESULTS: Of the 326 patients who received at least one dose of the study drug, 320 (98.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 96.5%-99.5%]) achieved sustained virological response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12), which was superior to the historical SVR12 rate of 88% (p < 0.0001). The SVR12 rates were similar regardless of most baseline characteristics. The most common adverse event (AE) (≥ 10%) was hypercholesterolemia. Serious adverse events (SAEs) were reported in 25 (7.7%) patients, none of which was judged to be related to the study drug. The majority of AEs were mild to moderate in severity. CONCLUSIONS: Alfosbuvir plus daclatasvir for 12 weeks was highly effective and safe in Chinese patients infected with HCV genotype 1, 2, 3, or 6, suggesting that this regimen could be a promising option for HCV treatment in China irrespective of genotype. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrial.gov identifier, NCT04070235.

Effect of Peritoneal Interposition Flap to Prevent Symptomatic Lymphoceles in Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy with Pelvic Lymphadenectomy: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated whether peritoneal interposition flap (PIF) prevent lymphocele formation after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with extended pelvic lymph node dissection. Materials and Methods: We performed a systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis of the primary outcomes according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews guidelines and risk-of-bias tool. Five databases, including Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science, were systematically searched. The time frame of the search was set from the creation of the database to February 2023. Results: Meta-analysis of symptomatic lymphoceles (sLCs) rates revealed significant difference between PIF and no PIF group (eight studies pooled; p = 0.005), The sLCs rates account for 2.6% (28/1074) and 7.1% (85/1186) in the PIF and no PIF group, respectively. The resulting odds ratio was 0.34 (95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.73), taking into account the heterogeneity of these studies (Q = 14.32, p = 0.05; I2 = 51%). Conclusion: PIF is an effective intraoperative modification on the prevention or reduction of sLC, which is worthy of further clinical promotion. Systematic Review Registration: National Institute for Health and Care Research, identifier CRD42022364461.

Clinical manifestations of adult hereditary spherocytosis with novel SPTB gene mutations and hyperjaundice: A case report.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to enhance understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of atypical hereditary spherocytosis (HS), and to broaden the diagnostic thoughts of physicians for patients with jaundice. CASE SUMMARY: A 28-year-old male presented with jaundice, bile duct stone, and splenomegaly, but without anemia. Other causes of jaundice were excluded, and gene sequencing revealed a novel heterozygous variant of c.1801C>T (p.Q601X) in exon 14 of the SPTB (NM_01355436) gene on chromosome 14 (chr14: 65260580) in the patient's blood; the biological parents and child of the patient did not have similar variants. A splenectomy was performed on the patient and his bilirubin levels returned to normal after surgery. Thus, a novel gene variant causing HS was identified. This variant may result in the truncation of ß-hemoglobin in the erythrocyte membrane, leading to loss of normal function, jaundice, and hemolytic anemia. The clinical manifestations of the patient were hyperjaundice and an absence of typical hemolysis during the course of the disease, which caused challenges for diagnosis by the clinicians. CONCLUSION: Following a definitive diagnosis, genetic testing and response to treatment identified a gene variant site for a novel hemolytic anemia.

Identifying the Distinct Profiles of Transition Readiness in Chinese Pediatric Cancer Survivors.

BACKGROUND: Transition readiness is important for pediatric cancer survivors who need to move from pediatric to adult medical care. However, their transition readiness profiles merit further exploration. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to use a person-centered approach to identify transition readiness profiles of Chinese pediatric cancer survivors aged 12 to 18 years, diagnosed at least 6 months before the study. METHODS: Transition readiness was assessed using the Chinese TRANSITION-Q Scale, and latent class analysis was performed to identify the transition readiness profiles as well as demographic and clinical factors associated with profile classification and to examine how self-efficacy and quality of life may differ between these profiles. RESULTS: A total of 139 pediatric cancer survivors were included. Three different transition readiness profiles were identified: high transition readiness, medium transition readiness, and low transition readiness. Age, treatment status, and parental working status were significantly associated with the transition readiness profile classifications. Those who were in the low transition readiness profile were likely to have lower self-efficacy and mobility scores than those in the high or medium transition readiness profiles. CONCLUSIONS: Three distinct transition readiness profiles existed in a sample of Chinese pediatric cancer survivors, indicating significant heterogeneity in their transition readiness. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Knowledge of transition readiness profiles can assist clinicians in screening pediatric cancer survivors for their profile memberships and provide targeted interventions for those with a low transition profile.

T lymphocyte-mediated pyroptosis: A new regulatory mechanism in non-viral liver disease.

T lymphocyte-mediated pyroptosis plays an important role in the development of non-viral liver diseases. Pyroptosis as a programmed cell death process, has been a hot topic of research on disease pathogenesis in recent years. As one of the most common immune cells in the body, T cells are the major players in adaptive immunity. An increasing number of studies have shown that T lymphocyte-mediated pyroptosis functions in non-viral liver diseases to regulate immune function, alter the immune microenvironment, and thus influence disease progression. These findings will guide us and provide new ideas for the development of subsequent therapeutic agents for non-viral liver diseases.

A Phase 3 clinical trial validating the potency and safety of an innovative, extra-long-acting interferon in chronic hepatitis C.

Background and Aim: Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is a novel mono-pegylated, extra-long-acting interferon. It is administered infrequently and showed good tolerability and clinical activity for the chronic hepatitis B or C treatment in our previous Phase 2 clinical trials. This study aims to validate the potency and safety of this novel agent in a Phase 3 chronic viral hepatitis setting. Methods: Patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 2 were randomized to receive subcutaneous injections of ropeginterferon alfa-2b biweekly or the conventional pegylated interferon alfa-2b weekly for 24 weeks, combined with ribavirin. The primary endpoint was to assess the safety and antiviral potency of ropeginterferon alfa-2b by the non-inferiority in sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after treatment. Results: A total of 222 patients were enrolled. Ropeginterferon alfa-2b group showed a favorable safety profile. Side effects that were generally associated with prior interferon therapies, including neutropenia, asthenia, fatigue, alopecia, dizziness, decreased appetite, nausea, flu-like symptoms including myalgia, pyrexia, and headache, and administration site reactions, were notably less in the ropeginterferon alfa-2b group. The cumulative incidence of adverse events of special interest was also notably higher in the control group. The primary endpoint was met and ropeginterferon alfa-2b showed a better SVR12 rate of 79.8% than 71.9% of the control group. Conclusion: Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is efficacious and has a favorable safety profile as compared with the conventional pegylated interferon alfa-2b. This study together with previous Phase 2 data validated ropeginterferon alfa-2b to be a new treatment option for chronic hepatitis C genotype 2.

Knockout of UBE2S inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and induces apoptosis by FAS-mediated death receptor pathway.

Ubiquitin binding enzyme E2S (UBE2S) is a member of ubiquitin binding enzyme family involved in a variety of biological functions, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and regulation of the ubiquitination of proteins, which are closely correlated with the development of various tumors. However, its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. In this study, we found that UBE2S was upregulated in GC tissues and cells. Further, its high expression positively correlated with the tumor stage and indicated a poor prognosis. Knockout of UBE2S by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated strategy suppressed the growth of GC in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis and tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics analysis was performed for exploring the underlying mechanism. The multi-omics and verification results showed that UBE2S knockout-induced apoptosis and proliferation inhibition of GC cells was related to upregulation of FAS and the activation of the FAS-mediated apoptotic pathway. Moreover, a negative correlation between UBE2S and FAS expression was observed in GC tissue samples. Finally, the ubiquitination assay confirmed that knockout of UBE2S might activate endogenous FAS by inhibiting ubiquitination and degradation of p53 in GC cells. Collectively, UBE2S is expected to be a novel prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for GC.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of muscle relaxation training vs. conventional nursing on the depression, anxiety and life quality of patients with breast cancer.

Background: Muscle relaxation training is a method of gradually relaxing the whole body by consciously controlling the process of muscle contraction and relaxation, which is mostly used to improve the physical and mental health of breast cancer patients and improve the quality of life of patients. We conducted a systematic review to compare the effects of muscle relaxation training and conventional nursing on the psychological health and quality of life (QoL) of breast cancer patients. The results of this study provide a basis for nursing program selection of breast cancer patients. Methods: The PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data, (China Biology Medicine disc) CBM, and WWW.CQVIP.COM (VIP) databases were searched to retrieve articles on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs on the effects of muscle relaxation training on the mental health and QoL of breast cancer patients. The search period ran from the establishment of the databases to August 31st, 2021. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. Stata 15.0 software was then used for the meta-analysis. Results: Funnel plots were analyzed by E Egger's test and Begg's test. The results of the test (P>0.05) showed that the possibility of publication bias was small. A total of 13 RCTs and quasi-RCTs, comprising 1,355 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. The results for the outcome measures were as follows: level of depression [weighted mean difference (WMD) =-9.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): -11.96 to -6.65, level of anxiety (WMD =-8.96, 95% CI: -10.06 to -7.86)], and QoL (WMD =13.13, 95% CI: 7.24, 19.02). The results showed that muscle relaxation training can significantly reduce depression and anxiety in breast cancer patients, improve their quality of life, and can be used as the first choice for breast cancer patients to improve negative emotions. Discussion: Muscle relaxation training significantly reduced the depression and anxiety of breast cancer patients, improved their QoL, and brought about both psychological and QoL improvements.

Role of annexin A family in tumorigenesis and chemoresistance of gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancer types and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among all malignant tumors worldwide. Due to insidious onset and lack of reliable early diagnostic markers, most GC patients are at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. Annexin is an evolutionally-conserved Ca2+-dependent phospholipid-binding protein superfamily, including five members (A, B, C, D, and E). Annexins in the cells of vertebrates comprised the annexin A family, consisting of 12 members in humans. The biological functions of annexin A are Ca2+-signal transduction, vesicle transport, cell proliferation, cell division, cell apoptosis, signal transduction, anti-inflammatory, proangiogenesis, and anticoagulation, most of which overlap with the basic characteristics of tumors. Accumulating evidence indicated that members of the annexin A family are correlated with tumorigenesis and chemoresistance and can be used as potential tumor prognostic factors and targets for biological therapy. Thus, the current review focused on the role and relative mechanisms of the annexin A family in GC.