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Introduction: Brevundimonas spp. are rare and opportunistic pathogens which may cause infections in patients who are immunocompromised or have underlying disease. Case report: Two cases with a microbiological diagnosis of Brevundimonas aurantiaca and Brevundimonas spp. are presented. Both occurred in immunocompromised patients with post-chemotherapy febrile neutropenia for B-type acute lymphoblastic leukemia and hepatoblastoma. Antibiogram findings showed resistance to quinolones, ceftazidime, and intermediate resistance to cefepime, being susceptible to carbapenems and aminoglycosides. The cases responded favorably to the administration of carbapenem. Conclusions: The identification of the species and antimicrobial susceptibility profile favor response to infection, denoting the importance of species identification and the performance of an antibiogram to determine the different susceptibility profiles described in the literature on this emerging pathogen.
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Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a neoplastic disease caused by the human papillomavirus and characterized by the growth of exophytic proliferative lesions affecting the mucosa of the respiratory tract. This condition has a bimodal age distribution; the juvenile form affects those under 20 years of age, is more aggressive and presents multiple papillomatous lesions and high frequency of recurrence, compared to the adult form. Pulmonary involvement is rare and challenging to treat. We present the case of a 13-year-old male with a history of laryngeal papillomatosis since the age of two years. The patient showed respiratory distress and multiple stenosing nodules in the larynx and trachea, as well as several pulmonary cysts identified on chest CT. The patient underwent excision of the papillomatous lesions and tracheostomy. Then, the patient received a single dose of intravenous bevacizumab 400 mg and respiratory therapies with favorable evolution, without recurrences during follow-up.
La papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente es una enfermedad neoplásica causada por el virus del papiloma humano y caracterizada por el crecimiento de lesiones proliferativas exofíticas que afectan la mucosa de las vías respiratorias. En su epidemiología se presenta una distribución bimodal, con una forma juvenil en menores de 20 años, más agresiva, con múltiples lesiones papilomatosas y alta frecuencia de recurrencia, en comparación con la forma adulta. El compromiso pulmonar es poco frecuente y su manejo es un desafío. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 13 años con antecedente de papilomatosis laríngea desde los dos años. El paciente mostró dificultad respiratoria y múltiples nódulos estenosantes en laringe y tráquea, y varios quistes pulmonares visualizados en la tomografía de tórax. Se le realizó exéresis de las lesiones papilomatosas y traqueostomía. Recibió dosis única de bevacizumab 400 mg intravenoso y terapias respiratorias con evolución favorable, sin recurrencias en el seguimiento.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Laríngeas , Papiloma , Infecções por Papillomavirus , Infecções Respiratórias , Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Neoplasias Laríngeas/complicações , Neoplasias Laríngeas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Laríngeas/terapia , Papiloma/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Infecções Respiratórias/complicaçõesRESUMO
La papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente es una enfermedad neoplásica causada por el virus del papiloma humano y caracterizada por el crecimiento de lesiones proliferativas exofíticas que afectan la mucosa de las vías respiratorias. En su epidemiología se presenta una distribución bimodal, con una forma juvenil en menores de 20 años, más agresiva, con múltiples lesiones papilomatosas y alta frecuencia de recurrencia, en comparación con la forma adulta. El compromiso pulmonar es poco frecuente y su manejo es un desafío. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 13 años con antecedente de papilomatosis laríngea desde los dos años. El paciente mostró dificultad respiratoria y múltiples nódulos estenosantes en laringe y tráquea, y varios quistes pulmonares visualizados en la tomografía de tórax. Se le realizó exéresis de las lesiones papilomatosas y traqueostomía. Recibió dosis única de bevacizumab 400 mg intravenoso y terapias respiratorias con evolución favorable, sin recurrencias en el seguimiento.
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a neoplastic disease caused by the human papillomavirus and characterized by the growth of exophytic proliferative lesions affecting the mucosa of the respiratory tract. This condition has a bimodal age distribution; the juvenile form affects those under 20 years of age, is more aggressive and presents multiple papillomatous lesions and high frequency of recurrence, compared to the adult form. Pulmonary involvement is rare and challenging to treat. We present the case of a 13-year-old male with a history of laryngeal papillomatosis since the age of two years. The patient showed respiratory distress and multiple stenosing nodules in the larynx and trachea, as well as several pulmonary cysts identified on chest CT. The patient underwent excision of the papillomatous lesions and tracheostomy. Then, the patient received a single dose of intravenous bevacizumab 400 mg and respiratory therapies with favorable evolution, without recurrences during follow-up.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias do Sistema Respiratório , Papillomaviridae , Sistema RespiratórioRESUMO
The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics of patients diagnosed with congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) with severe neurological disease. We reviewed the medical records of patients under 1 year of age with positive IgM test for Toxoplasma gondii and brain, eye, and/or hearing involvement. This study was carried out at the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja (INSNSB), Lima, Peru. Twenty-one patients diagnosed with CT were evaluated; 57.1% were female, and the median age at diagnosis was 3.1 months (IQR: 1.7-7.3). The main central nervous system manifestations were hydrocephalus (76.2%), intracranial calcifications (52.4%), microcephaly (42.9%), and convulsions (25.6%); the most frequent ocular manifestation was chorioretinitis (38.1%). In conclusion, 64% of CT cases had one or more manifestations of severe neurological disease.
El propósito del presente estudio fue describir las características epidemiológicas, clínicas, y terapéuticas de pacientes con diagnóstico de toxoplasmosis congénita (TC) con enfermedad neurológica severa. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes menores de 1 año con serología IgM positiva para Toxoplasma gondii y compromiso encefálico, ocular y/o auditivo. El estudio se realizó en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja (INSN-SB) en Lima, Perú. Se evaluaron a 21 pacientes con diagnóstico de TC, el 57,1% fueron del sexo femenino y la mediana de edad al momento del diagnóstico fue 3,1 meses (RIC: 1,7-7,3). Las principales manifestaciones del sistema nervioso central fueron hidrocefalia (76,2%), calcificaciones intracraneales (52,4%), microcefalia (42,9%), y convulsiones (25,6%); la manifestación ocular más frecuente fue la coriorretinitis (38,1%). En conclusión, 64% de los casos de TC tuvieron una o más manifestaciones de enfermedad neurológica severa.
Assuntos
Toxoplasmose Congênita , Humanos , Feminino , Lactente , Masculino , Toxoplasmose Congênita/diagnóstico , Toxoplasmose Congênita/epidemiologia , Peru/epidemiologia , HospitaisRESUMO
Saprochaete capitata is a rare cause of invasive fungal infection in immunocompromised patients with high mortality and antifungal resistance. We present the case of a 5-year-old boy with bone marrow aplasia, who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and presented persistent febrile neutropenia, abdominal pain, appearance of maculopapular lesions on the skin, and impaired renal function. The presence of S. capitata was identified by blood culture from a central venous catheter. This invasive fungal infection is rare but emergent and life-threatening, especially in immunocompromised patients with persistent febrile neutropenia and prolonged use of invasive devices such as central venous catheters.
Saprochaete capitata es una causa rara de infección fúngica invasiva en pacientes inmunocomprometidos con alta mortalidad y resistencia antifúngica. Presentamos el caso de un niño de cinco años con diagnóstico de aplasia medular, sometido a trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos (TPH), que cursó con neutropenia febril persistente, dolor abdominal intenso, aparición de lesiones maculopapulares en piel y deterioro de la función renal. Se identificó la presencia de S. capitata, en hemocultivos transcatéter venoso central. Esta infección fúngica invasiva resulta ser rara, pero emergente y potencialmente mortal, en pacientes con neutropenia febril persistente y uso prolongado de dispositivos invasivos intravasculares como catéter venoso central.
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Neutropenia Febril , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas , Humanos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Medula ÓsseaRESUMO
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has a great impact on children's health. This study describes the characteristics of hospitalized children at the San Borja National Children's Health Institute in Perú. Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 from March to July 2020. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, and treatment information were collected. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis to determine differences between patients in general wards and the intensive care unit (ICU). Results: We included 91 patients, 33 being females (36.3%). The most affected age group was children > 2 years of age (63 cases) with a median age of 6 years (IQR 3-10), and 61.5% were from Lima. The previous contact was determined in 30.8% of cases. A positive SARS CoV-2 PCR result was obtained in 50.6%. The presence of comorbidity was 53.8%. The most frequent symptoms were: fever (39.6%), general malaise (23.1%), cough (19.8%), and respiratory distress (14.3%). The presence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) was confirmed in 6 patients. Antibiotics were administered in 76.9%. The most frequent radiological pattern was bilateral interstitial infiltrates (57.7%). Mortality was higher in patients in the ICU than in the hospitalization ward (27.3% vs. 4.3%, respectively; p = 0.020) Conclusions: COVID-19 in children presents mild and moderate clinical manifestations. The presence of comorbidity is an important factor for hospitalization, and mortality is high upon admission to critical care units.
Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 representa un gran impacto en salud infantil, en este estudio se describe el comportamiento de esta enfermedad en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja (INSN-SB) en el Perú. Métodos :Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19 durante marzo a julio de 2020. Se recolectó información demográfica, clínica, laboratorial, radiológica y de tratamiento, para el análisis de datos se incluyó estadística descriptiva y un análisis bivariado para determinar las diferencias de pacientes en salas de hospitalización y la Unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátrico (UCIP). Resultados: Se incluyeron 91 pacientes, 33 de sexo femenino (36,3%). El grupo etario más afectado fueron los niños > de 2 años de edad (63 casos) con una mediana de edad de 6 años (RIC 1-8). 61,5% de pacientes procedían de Lima. El resultado de PCR SARS CoV-2 fue positivo en el 50,6%. La presencia de comorbilidad fue 53,8%. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron fiebre (39,6%), malestar general (23,1%), tos (19.8%) y dificultad respiratoria (14,3%). La presencia de síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico (MIS-C) se confirmó en 6 pacientes. El uso de antibióticos representó 76,9%. El patrón radiológico más frecuente fue intersticial bilateral (57,7%). La mortalidad fue mayor en pacientes de UCI frente a los de salas de hospitalización (27,3% vs. 4,3%, respectivamente; p = 0.020). Conclusiones: El COVID-19 en niños presenta manifestaciones clínicas leves y moderadas. La presencia de comorbilidades es un factor importante de hospitalización, y la mortalidad es alta en pacientes admitidos a UCIP.
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RESUMEN Saprochaete capitata es una causa rara de infección fúngica invasiva en pacientes inmunocomprometidos con alta mortalidad y resistencia antifúngica. Presentamos el caso de un niño de cinco años con diagnóstico de aplasia medular, sometido a trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos (TPH), que cursó con neutropenia febril persistente, dolor abdominal intenso, aparición de lesiones maculopapulares en piel y deterioro de la función renal. Se identificó la presencia de S. capitata, en hemocultivos transcatéter venoso central. Esta infección fúngica invasiva resulta ser rara, pero emergente y potencialmente mortal, en pacientes con neutropenia febril persistente y uso prolongado de dispositivos invasivos intravasculares como catéter venoso central.
ABSTRACT Saprochaete capitata is a rare cause of invasive fungal infection in immunocompromised patients with high mortality and antifungal resistance. We present the case of a 5-year-old boy with bone marrow aplasia, who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and presented persistent febrile neutropenia, abdominal pain, appearance of maculopapular lesions on the skin, and impaired renal function. The presence of S. capitata was identified by blood culture from a central venous catheter. This invasive fungal infection is rare but emergent and life-threatening, especially in immunocompromised patients with persistent febrile neutropenia and prolonged use of invasive devices such as central venous catheters.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pré-Escolar , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/microbiologia , Geotricose/microbiologia , Geotrichum/isolamento & purificação , Anemia Aplástica/complicações , Evolução Fatal , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/tratamento farmacológico , Geotricose/tratamento farmacológico , Antifúngicos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Primary renal aspergillosis is uncommon and mainly affects people with immune system impairment and/or genitourinary disease. CASE: We report the case of a male newborn with Down syndrome and congenital heart disease, who underwent surgery for anorectal malformation and presented persistent fever and impaired kidney function secondary to kidney abscesses due to Aspergillus. The patient responded favorably to antifungal treatment and percutaneous drainage but died following heart surgery. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, only seven cases of renal aspergillosis have been reported in children worldwide, this being the second in a newborn. Aspergillus species must be considered among the fungal etiological agents of genitourinary tract infections in order to establish adequate antifungal treatment to achieve therapeutic success against filamentous fungi.
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Aspergilose , Nefropatias , Infecções Urinárias , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Aspergilose/complicações , Aspergilose/diagnóstico , Aspergilose/tratamento farmacológico , Aspergillus fumigatus , Criança , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Rim , Nefropatias/complicações , Nefropatias/tratamento farmacológico , Nefropatias/microbiologia , Masculino , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) in children is a public health problem. To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of CE, we reviewed the records of 55 children admitted to our institution with a confirmed diagnosis of CE between 2017-2019, analyzing demographic data, clinical manifestations, and treatment. Of the population, 61.8% (34/55) were male. The mean age was 9.25 years (SD: 2.79); 16.4% had previous CE diagnosis, and 50.9% had contact with dogs. The median time of illness was 2 months. Of the patients, 65.5% had hepatic involvement, 56.4% had pulmonary involvement, and 21.8% had both hepatic and pulmonary involvement. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain (80.6%) and cough (80.6%). Surgical treatment was performed in 87.5% of patients with hepatic CE, in 100% of those with pulmonary CE and in 100% of those with hepatic and pulmonary CE. Albendazole was prescribed in 100% of hepatic cases, in 73.7% of pulmonary cases, and in 75% of those with both conditions. Mortality was not reported.
La equinococosis quística (EQ) en niños es un problema de salud pública. Para describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la EQ se revisaron los registros de 55 niños con diagnóstico confirmado de EQ admitidos entre 2017 y 2019 en un centro quirúrgico referencial del Perú. Se analizaron los datos demográficos, las manifestaciones clínicas y el tratamiento. El 61,8% (34/55) de los niños fue de sexo masculino. La edad promedio fue de 9,25 años (DE: 2,79); un 16,4% tuvo diagnóstico previo de EQ, y un 50,9% tuvo contacto con perros. La mediana de tiempo de enfermedad fue de dos meses. El 65,5% tuvo afectación hepática, el 56,4% pulmonar y el 21,8% hepática y pulmonar. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron dolor abdominal (80,6%) y tos (80,6%). El tratamiento quirúrgico se realizó en el 87,5% de los casos con EQ hepática y en el 100% de los casos con EQ pulmonar y EQ hepática y pulmonar. Se prescribió albendazol en el 100% de casos hepáticos, en el 73,7% de casos pulmonares y en el 75% de ambas afectaciones. No se reporta mortalidad.
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Equinococose Hepática , Equinococose Pulmonar , Animais , Criança , Cães , Equinococose Hepática/diagnóstico , Equinococose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Equinococose Hepática/cirurgia , Equinococose Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Equinococose Pulmonar/cirurgia , Equinococose Pulmonar/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Peru/epidemiologiaRESUMO
RESUMEN El propósito del presente estudio fue describir las características epidemiológicas, clínicas, y terapéuticas de pacientes con diagnóstico de toxoplasmosis congénita (TC) con enfermedad neurológica severa. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes menores de 1 año con serología IgM positiva para Toxoplasma gondii y compromiso encefálico, ocular y/o auditivo. El estudio se realizó en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja (INSN-SB) en Lima, Perú. Se evaluaron a 21 pacientes con diagnóstico de TC, el 57,1% fueron del sexo femenino y la mediana de edad al momento del diagnóstico fue 3,1 meses (RIC: 1,7-7,3). Las principales manifestaciones del sistema nervioso central fueron hidrocefalia (76,2%), calcificaciones intracraneales (52,4%), microcefalia (42,9%), y convulsiones (25,6%); la manifestación ocular más frecuente fue la coriorretinitis (38,1%). En conclusión, 64% de los casos de TC tuvieron una o más manifestaciones de enfermedad neurológica severa.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics of patients diagnosed with congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) with severe neurological disease. We reviewed the medical records of patients under 1 year of age with positive IgM test for Toxoplasma gondii and brain, eye, and/or hearing involvement. This study was carried out at the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja (INSNSB), Lima, Peru. Twenty-one patients diagnosed with CT were evaluated; 57.1% were female, and the median age at diagnosis was 3.1 months (IQR: 1.7-7.3). The main central nervous system manifestations were hydrocephalus (76.2%), intracranial calcifications (52.4%), microcephaly (42.9%), and convulsions (25.6%); the most frequent ocular manifestation was chorioretinitis (38.1%). In conclusion, 64% of CT cases had one or more manifestations of severe neurological disease.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Encéfalo , Toxoplasmose Congênita , Saúde da Criança , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso , Convulsões , Coriorretinite , Diabetes Insípido , Hidrocefalia , MicrocefaliaRESUMO
RESUMEN La equinococosis quística (EQ) en niños es un problema de salud pública. Para describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la EQ se revisaron los registros de 55 niños con diagnóstico confirmado de EQ admitidos entre 2017 y 2019 en un centro quirúrgico referencial del Perú. Se analizaron los datos demográficos, las manifestaciones clínicas y el tratamiento. El 61,8% (34/55) de los niños fue de sexo masculino. La edad promedio fue de 9,25 años (DE: 2,79); un 16,4% tuvo diagnóstico previo de EQ, y un 50,9% tuvo contacto con perros. La mediana de tiempo de enfermedad fue de dos meses. El 65,5% tuvo afectación hepática, el 56,4% pulmonar y el 21,8% hepática y pulmonar. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron dolor abdominal (80,6%) y tos (80,6%). El tratamiento quirúrgico se realizó en el 87,5% de los casos con EQ hepática y en el 100% de los casos con EQ pulmonar y EQ hepática y pulmonar. Se prescribió albendazol en el 100% de casos hepáticos, en el 73,7% de casos pulmonares y en el 75% de ambas afectaciones. No se reporta mortalidad.
ABSTRACT Cystic echinococcosis (CE) in children is a public health problem. To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of CE, we reviewed the records of 55 children admitted to our institution with a confirmed diagnosis of CE between 2017-2019, analyzing demographic data, clinical manifestations, and treatment. Of the population, 61.8% (34/55) were male. The mean age was 9.25 years (SD: 2.79); 16.4% had previous CE diagnosis, and 50.9% had contact with dogs. The median time of illness was 2 months. Of the patients, 65.5% had hepatic involvement, 56.4% had pulmonary involvement, and 21.8% had both hepatic and pulmonary involvement. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain (80.6%) and cough (80.6%). Surgical treatment was performed in 87.5% of patients with hepatic CE, in 100% of those with pulmonary CE and in 100% of those with hepatic and pulmonary CE. Albendazole was prescribed in 100% of hepatic cases, in 73.7% of pulmonary cases, and in 75% of those with both conditions. Mortality was not reported.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Criança , Saúde Pública , Equinococose , Echinococcus granulosus , Equinococose Hepática , Equinococose PulmonarRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Prophylaxis with posaconazole (PP) is effective in the prevention of invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised adult patients. However, evaluation of its effectiveness and safety in children is limited. The aim of the study was to describe the use of posaconazole as antifungal prophylaxis in children. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of immunocompromised patients younger than 13 years with hematologic diseases and post hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) who received antifungal PP at the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja (INSN-SB) in Lima, Peru, from January 2014 to December 2018. RESULTS: Fifty-six courses of PP were identified in 47 patients with a median age of 7.5 years (IQR, 4-10), 51.6% (n = 24) of whom were female. The main underlying medical conditions were aplastic anemia (n = 19, 33.9%), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 18, 32.1%), acute myeloid leukemia (n = 14, 25.0%), and 34.1% had undergone HSCT. The median dose of posaconazole was 13.62 mg/kg/day (IQR, 12.0-16.8), and the median duration of PP was 24 days (IQR, 16-82). Gastrointestinal symptoms included abdominal pain (17.9%), nausea (16.1%), diarrhea (7.1%), and vomiting (3.6%). Elevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were observed in 9/35 patients (25.7%) and 10/51 (19.6%) patients, respectively. Five cases of breakthrough fungal infection were identified (8.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Patients younger than 13 years who received PP showed an increase in transaminase values, and the development of breakthrough fungal infections.
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RESUMEN La paracoccidioidomicosis es la micosis sistémica más prevalente en Latinoamérica. En niños la presentación clínica más frecuente es la forma juvenil o aguda/subaguda, que compromete principalmente los ganglios linfáticos y en menor proporción los órganos gastrointestinales. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 10 años, sin comorbilidades, con dolor agudo en fosa iliaca derecha; además de historia de un mes de evolución de diarrea, fiebre, pérdida de peso e hipereosinofilia. Fue diagnosticado de apendicitis aguda secundaria a un cuadro de paracoccidioidomicosis sistémica, mediante histopatología del apéndice cecal y ganglios mesentéricos. Tuvo respuesta favorable al tratamiento con anfotericina B liposomal. A pesar de que la paracoccidioidomicosis sistémica con compromiso del apéndice cecal es infrecuente, debe considerarse como parte de los diagnósticos diferenciales en niños con linfadenomegalias generalizadas y procedentes de áreas endémicas.
ABSTRACT Paracoccidioidomycosis, the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. In children the most common clinical presentation is the juvenile or acute/subacute form, which mainly involves the lymph nodes and in a lesser proportion the gastrointestinal organs. We present the case of a 10-year-old patient, without comorbidities, who presented acute right iliac fossa pain; in addition to a history of 1 month of evolution of diarrhea, fever, weight loss, and hypereosinophilia. Was diagnosed of acute appendicitis due to systemic paracoccidioidomycosis, through histopathology of the cecal appendix and mesenteric lymph nodes. Although systemic paracoccidioidomycosis with involvement of the cecal appendix is rare, it should be considered as part of the differential diagnoses in children and young adults with generalized lymphadenomegaly from endemic areas.
Assuntos
Criança , Paracoccidioidomicose , Apêndice , Micoses , Pediatria , Apendicite , Relatos de Casos , Relatório de PesquisaRESUMO
Paracoccidioidomycosis, the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. In children the most common clinical presentation is the juvenile or acute/subacute form, which mainly involves the lymph nodes and in a lesser proportion the gastrointestinal organs. We present the case of a 10-year-old patient, without comorbidities, who presented acute right iliac fossa pain; in addition to a history of 1 month of evolution of diarrhea, fever, weight loss, and hypereosinophilia. Was diagnosed of acute appendicitis due to systemic paracoccidioidomycosis, through histopathology of the cecal appendix and mesenteric lymph nodes. Although systemic paracoccidioidomycosis with involvement of the cecal appendix is âârare, it should be considered as part of the differential diagnoses in children and young adults with generalized lymphadenomegaly from endemic areas.
La paracoccidioidomicosis es la micosis sistémica más prevalente en Latinoamérica. En niños la presentación clínica más frecuente es la forma juvenil o aguda/subaguda, que compromete principalmente los ganglios linfáticos y en menor proporción los órganos gastrointestinales. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 10 años, sin comorbilidades, con dolor agudo en fosa iliaca derecha; además de historia de un mes de evolución de diarrea, fiebre, pérdida de peso e hipereosinofilia. Fue diagnosticado de apendicitis aguda secundaria a un cuadro de paracoccidioidomicosis sistémica, mediante histopatología del apéndice cecal y ganglios mesentéricos. Tuvo respuesta favorable al tratamiento con anfotericina B liposomal. A pesar de que la paracoccidioidomicosis sistémica con compromiso del apéndice cecal es infrecuente, debe considerarse como parte de los diagnósticos diferenciales en niños con linfadenomegalias generalizadas y procedentes de áreas endémicas.
Assuntos
Paracoccidioidomicose , Criança , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Febre , Humanos , Imunoterapia , Linfonodos , Paracoccidioidomicose/complicações , Paracoccidioidomicose/diagnóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Esophageal pathology is common in patients with HIV, frequently due to Candida, cytomegalovirus or herpes virus. However, esophageal actinomycosis is a rare infection, even in patients with HIV. We report the case of a 33-year-old male patient, with a recent diagnosis of HIV who was admitted for fever, odynophagia, dysphagia and retrosternal pain. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy evidenced multiple esophageal ulcers and the histopathological report of the esophageal biopsy described a chronic esophagitis with colonies of PAS positive bacilli, compatible with Actinomyces, initiating favorable antimicrobial therapy. Although it is an uncommon disease, about one-third of cases of esophageal actinomycosis occur in patients with HIV infection, and endoscopic biopsies are required to define diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Assuntos
Actinomicose/etiologia , Esofagite/etiologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Adulto , Doença Crônica , Esofagite/microbiologia , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
Strongyloidiasis is a neglected disease in Latin America. Gastrointestinal manifestations are nonspecific and duodenal obstruction is a rare complication. Here we present the case of a 31-year-old male from the central jungle of Peru, admitted due to a high intestinal obstruction, with duodenal ulcers and stenosis evidenced in the upper endoscopy. The histopathological report revealed presence of larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis. Clinical and endoscopic follow up were favorable with ivermectin treatment. There are near 20 reported cases of duodenal obstruction due to S. stercoralis. Additionally, infection by HTLV-1 was confirmed, being this a frequent association.
Assuntos
Obstrução Duodenal/parasitologia , Strongyloides stercoralis/isolamento & purificação , Estrongiloidíase/complicações , Adulto , Animais , Biópsia , Obstrução Duodenal/diagnóstico por imagem , Obstrução Duodenal/patologia , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/métodos , Mucosa Gástrica/parasitologia , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Infecções por HTLV-I/parasitologia , Humanos , Larva , Masculino , Estrongiloidíase/patologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosRESUMO
La patología esofágica es común en pacientes con VIH, frecuentemente debido a Candida, citomegalovirus o virus herpes simple. Sin embargo, la actinomicosis esofágica es una infección rara, incluso en pacientes con infección VIH. Reportamos el caso en un paciente varón de 33 años, con diagnóstico reciente de VIH que acudió a consulta por fiebre, odinofagia, disfagia y dolor retroesternal. La endoscopia digestiva alta evidenció múltiples úlceras esofágicas y el informe histopatológico de la biopsia esofágica describió una esofagitis crónica con presencia de colonias de bacilos PAS positivos, compatibles con Actinomyces, iniciando tratamiento antimicrobiano con evolución favorable. Aunque es una enfermedad no común, cerca de un tercio de los casos de actinomicosis esofágica se presentan en pacientes con infección VIH, y es preciso el estudio endoscópico con toma de biopsia para definir el diagnóstico y manejo apropiado.
Esophageal pathology is common in patients with HIV, frequently due to Candida, cytomegalovirus or herpes virus. However, esophageal actinomycosis is a rare infection, even in patients with HIV. We report the case of a 33-year-old male patient, with a recent diagnosis of HIV who was admitted for fever, odynophagia, dysphagia and retrosternal pain. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy evidenced multiple esophageal ulcers and the histopathological report of the esophageal biopsy described a chronic esophagitis with colonies of PAS positive bacilli, compatible with Actinomyces, initiating favorable antimicrobial therapy. Although it is an uncommon disease, about one-third of cases of esophageal actinomycosis occur in patients with HIV infection, and endoscopic biopsies are required to define diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Actinomicose/etiologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Esofagite/etiologia , Doença Crônica , Esofagite/microbiologiaRESUMO
Resumen La estrongiloidiasis es una enfermedad desatendida en Latinoamérica. Las manifestaciones gastrointestinales son inespecíficas y la obstrucción duodenal es una complicación infrecuente. Presentamos el caso clínico de un varón de 31 años, procedente de la selva central de Perú, que ingresó por una obstrucción intestinal alta, con úlceras y una estenosis duodenal evidenciadas en la endoscopia digestiva alta. El informe histopatológico reveló la presencia de larvas de Strongyloides stercoralis. La evolución clínica y endoscópica fueron favorables con el tratamiento con ivermectina. Existen poco más de 20 casos publicados de obstrucción duodenal por S. stercoralis. Adicionalmente, se confirmó una infección por HTLV-1, asociación descrita frecuente.
Strongyloidiasis is a neglected disease in Latin America. Gastrointestinal manifestations are nonspecific and duodenal obstruction is a rare complication. Here we present the case of a 31-year-old male from the central jungle of Peru, admitted due to a high intestinal obstruction, with duodenal ulcers and stenosis evidenced in the upper endoscopy. The histopathological report revealed presence of larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis. Clinical and endoscopic follow up were favorable with ivermectin treatment. There are near 20 reported cases of duodenal obstruction due to S. stercoralis. Additionally, infection by HTLV-1 was confirmed, being this a frequent association.