[Development of Human Health Discoveries. 10 years results of Young Innovative Company incubation]. / Le développement des découvertes en Santé Humaine. Résultats de 10 ans d'incubation de Jeunes Entreprises Innovantes.

Medicine is evolving every day in its operating procedures and the services offered to patients, emphasizing personalized medicine, safety and medical benefits. The individual patient is more than ever the hub of healthcare organization. Medical innovation is thus a public health priority. However it requires an accurate assessment of medical utility and risk-benefit ratios, and in-depth analysis of economic and organizational impacts. Ten years of experience in the Paris Biotech Santé company incubator has identified key actions for effective support of research projects and the success of innovative companies. Strong expertise is needed to prepare development plans, ensure compliance with regulatory requirements and obtain research funding. During its first decade, this incubator has created 87 innovative companies employing 1500 people, raised more than 90 million euros of funding, and reached a cumulative company value of 1200 million euros. Key factors of success have been identified, but an analysis of the causes of failure shows that operational adjustments are mandatory, particularly a strong commitment from medical experts, in order to promote access to new and useful products for patients while at the same time assessing their social impact.

[Heart rate variability: a cardiometabolic risk marker with public health implications]. / Variabilité de la fréquence cardiaque: un marqueur de risque cardiométabolique en santé publique.

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive, practical and reproducible measure of autonomic nervous system function. Although the heart is reasonably stable, the time between two beats (R-R) can be very different. HRV is the time variation between two consecutive heartbeats. HRV is believed to correspond to the balance between the sympathic and parasympathic influences on the intrinsic rhythm of the sinoatrial node. HRV is influenced by lifestyle factors, including physical activity, eating habits, sleep pattern, and smoking. In adults, decreased HRV is associated with a higher risk of cardiac events, including death, and is a predictor of hypertension. HRV may also have predictive value for life expectancy and health. HRV changes due to lifestyle factors precede the onset of cardiovascular disorders. Measurement of HRV and its components is of major interest for medical practitioners and public health specialists, in order to predict and evaluate the risk of cardiometabolic events related to lifestyle factors.