Breast-to-brain metastasis is exacerbated with chemotherapy through blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and induces Alzheimer's-like pathology.

Control of breast-to-brain metastasis remains an urgent unmet clinical need. While chemotherapies are essential in reducing systemic tumor burden, they have been shown to promote non-brain metastatic invasiveness and drug-driven neurocognitive deficits through the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), independently. Now, in this study, we investigated the effect of chemotherapy on brain metastatic progression and promoting tumor-mediated NFT. Results show chemotherapies increase brain-barrier permeability and facilitate enhanced tumor infiltration, particularly through the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). This is attributed to increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) which, in turn, mediates loss of Claudin-6 within the choroid plexus cells of the BCSFB. Importantly, increased MMP9 activity in the choroid epithelium following chemotherapy results in cleavage and release of Tau from breast cancer cells. This cleaved Tau forms tumor-derived NFT that further destabilize the BCSFB. Our results underline for the first time the importance of the BCSFB as a vulnerable point of entry for brain-seeking tumor cells post-chemotherapy and indicate that tumor cells themselves contribute to Alzheimer's-like tauopathy.

[Feasibility and assessment of combined anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and immunocorrective treatment in periodontal disease].

The article presents the experience of using medical dressings of combined action based on antibiotic Spiramycin and antiseptic Triclosan. Investigation and treatment of 79 patients with moderate chronic periodontitis proved the given drug formulation to be highly clinically effective for local treatment of periodontal disease.

[The kinin and plasmin systems of the blood serum and cerebro- spinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia]. / Kininovaia i plazminovaia sistemy syvorotki krovi i spinno- mozgovoi zhidkosti bo'lnykh rasseiannym sklerozom i shizo- freniei.

The article deals with the role of activation of the kinin and plasmin systems in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid for increasing the blood-brain barrier permeability, immune conflict initiation and as a factor in prediction of further exacerbations of multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia.

[Treatment of polyps and villous tumors of the large intestine]. / Lechenie polipov i vorsinchatykh opukholei tolstoi kishki.

Polyps and villous tumors were found in 1525 of 10624 patients (14.3%) aged from 40 to 60. In 82% of the cases they were in combination with ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum, with inflammatory diseases of the gastro-intestinal tract, diverticulitis, tumors of the colon. 1519 polypectomies and dissection of villous tumors both via the fibroscope, rectoscope and by transanal access were made. Complications were obtained in 5 patients, recurrent disease was noted in 3 patients (0.9%).

[Role of neuroallergy in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis]. / Rol' neiroallergii v patogeneze rasseiannogo skleroza.

The neurotropic effects of sera were determined in patients with multiple sclerosis and in animals with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) using some newly devised methods. When multiple sclerosis and EAE were at the stage of exacerbation, the kallikrein-kinin system was activated and immune complexes content in the blood serum increased. The authors conclude that neuroallergy plays the major role in the development of multiple sclerosis exacerbations and that the devised methods are valuable for the laboratory confirmation of multiple sclerosis diagnosis.

[Clinical picture and diagnosis of epileptic seizures in early childhood]. / Klinika i diagnostika épilepticheskikh pripadkov v rannem detskom vozraste.

Results of clinico-anamnestic examinations of 171 patients with epileptic seizures are presented. Etiologically significant were unfavourable factors in the antenatal period, natal traumas, infections, neuroinfections, and craniocerebral postnatal injuries, combinations of the above factors, and intracranial newgrowths. In the first three years of life, generalized seizures were prevailing. The use of additional, especially roentgeno-contrast examinations was of a substantial aid in the diagnosis. Approaches to epilepsy prophylaxis in the patients examined have been outlined.

[Immune complexes in multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis]. / Immunnye kompleksy pri rasseiannom skleroze i éksperimental'nom allergicheskom éntsefalomielite.

Immune complexes in the blood serum were determined in patients with disseminated sclerosis and in dogs in the process of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. In disseminated sclerosis the existence of immune complexes was found in the exacerbation period and their absence in remissions. In animals with clinical signs of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis the immune complexes began to be established in the period of sensitization and attained the maximum in the preparalytic and paralytic period. In animals without clinical signs, the immune complexes were determined later and in insignificant amounts. The role of immune complexes in the pathogenesis of exacerbations in disseminated sclerosis and development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis as factors involved in the disturbances of permeability in the hematoencephalic barrier is discussed.

[Circadian rhythm of the free 17-hydroxycorticosteroid content in the blood plasma of neurosurgical patients before and after the surgical intervention]. / Sutochnyi ritm soderzhaniia svobodnykh 17-oksikortikosteroidov v plazme krovi u neirokhirurgicheskikh bol'nykh do i posle operativnogo.

Study of the daily thythms of free 17-oxycorticosteroids in blood plasma of patients with tumors of the spinal cord and spine, discogenic pain syndrome, and of those who underwent plastic surgery for cranial defects revealed disturbances in the biorhythms of the adrenal cortex in patients with tumors of the spinal cord before operation. The postoperative period in all patients was characterized by the development of a stress reaction and paradoxical-type curves of the daily content of these hormones on the 3rd day with complete restoration of adrenal cortex biorhythms by the 15th day. The patients examined did not require special hormonotherapy.