Effect of Polyethylene Terephthalate Tongue Scraper on Oral Levels of Volatile Sulfur Compounds: a randomized clinical trial / Efeito do raspador de língua de polietilenotereftalato nos níveis orais de compostos sulfurados voláteis: um ensaio clínico randomizado

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) tongue scraper on the volatile sulfur compound (VSC) levels. Material and Methods: A randomized, controlled, parallel design was used in this study. Out of the 48 volunteers from Dentistry Department of the Federal University of Sergipe, 40 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): G1 (control), rinsing of distilled water solution (WS); G2, WS and tongue coating removal (TCR) with toothbrush; G3, WS and TCR with a commercial tongue scraper; and G4, WS and TCR with PET tongue scraper. PET bottles were cut with a rectangular shape (1.0 cm wide x 20 cm long) to obtain PET tongue scraper. The VSC measurements were performed before (T0) and immediately after (T1) each therapy by portable sulfide monitor. Data (ppb) were submitted to Wilcoxon test (α=0.05). The differences between T0 and T1 were calculated and percentage values were assigned. Data (percentage) were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (α=0.05). Results: All 40 selected subjects completed the study. All groups reduced significantly the VSC levels after therapy (P<0.01). ANOVA indicated a significant difference among groups (P<0.001). The Tukey test showed that G1 (reduction of 21%) was similar to G2 (31%); G2 was similar to G3 (42%) and different from G4 (52%); G3 and G4 were similar. Conclusion: PET tongue scraper was similar to commercial tongue scraper and provided higher reductions of VSC levels than the toothbrush. (AU)

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do raspador de língua de polietilenotereftalato (PET) nos níveis de compostos sulfurados voláteis (CSVs). Material e Métodos: Um desenho paralelo, controlado e randomizado foi empregado neste estudo. Dos 48 voluntários do Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 40 atenderam ao critério de inclusão e foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos (n=10): G1 (controle), bochecho com solução de água destilada (SA); G2, SA e remoção da saburra lingual (RSL) com escova dental; G3, SA e RSL com um raspador de língua comercial; e G4, SA e RSL com raspador de língua PET. Garrafas PET foram recortadas com uma forma retangular (1,0 cm de largura x 20 cm de comprimento) para obtenção dos raspadores de língua PET. As mensurações de CSVs foram realizadas antes (T0) e imediatamente após (T1) cada terapia usando um monitor portátil de enxofre. Os dados (ppb) foram submetidos ao teste de Wilcoxon (α=0,05). As diferenças entre T0 e T1 foram calculadas e transformadas em valores percentuais de redução. Os dados (percentuais) foram submetidos à ANOVA e ao teste de Tukey (α=0,05). Resultados: Todos os 40 indivíduos selecionados completaram o estudo. Em todos os grupos houve redução significante dos níveis de CSVs após terapia (P<0,01). ANOVA indicou uma diferença significante entre grupos (PP<0,001). O teste de Tukey mostrou que G1 (redução de 21%) foi semelhante a G2 (31%); G2 foi semelhante a G3 (42%) e diferente de G4 (52%); G3 e G4 foram semelhantes. Conclusão: O raspador de língua PET foi semelhante ao raspador de língua comercial e proporcionou maiores reduções de CSVs do que a escova dental. (AU)

Evaluation of Arthrobacter aurescens Strain TC1 as Bioaugmentation Bacterium in Soils Contaminated with the Herbicidal Substance Terbuthylazine.

In the last years the chloro-s-triazine active substance terbuthylazine has been increasingly used as an herbicide and may leave residues in the environment which can be of concern. The present study aimed at developing a bioaugmentation tool based on the soil bacterium Arthrobacter aurescens strain TC1 for the remediation of terbuthylazine contaminated soils and at examining its efficacy for both soil and aquatic compartments. First, the feasibility of growing the bioaugmentation bacterium inocula on simple sole nitrogen sources (ammonium and nitrate) instead of atrazine, while still maintaining its efficiency to biodegrade terbuthylazine was shown. In sequence, the successful and quick (3 days) bioremediation efficacy of ammonium-grown A. aurescens TC1 cells was proven in a natural soil freshly spiked or four-months aged with commercial terbuthylazine at a dose 10× higher than the recommended in corn cultivation, to mimic spill situations. Ecotoxicity assessment of the soil eluates towards a freshwater microalga supported the effectiveness of the bioaugmentation tool. Obtained results highlight the potential to decontaminate soil while minimizing terbuthylazine from reaching aquatic compartments via the soil-water pathway. The usefulness of this bioaugmentation tool to provide rapid environment decontamination is particularly relevant in the event of accidental high herbicide contamination. Its limitations and advantages are discussed.

Removal of an upper third molar from the maxillary sinus.

The maxillary sinus or antrum is the largest of the paranasal sinuses. It is located in the maxillary bone and has a proximity to the apexes of upper molars and premolars, which allows it to form a direct link between the sinus and the oral cavity. Dislocation of a foreign body or tooth to the interior of a paranasal sinus is a situation that can occur as a result of car accidents, firearm attacks, or iatrogenic in surgical procedures. Therefore, it is necessary to know how to treat this kind of situation. This study's objective is to report the case of a 23-year-old female patient, leucoderma, who sought treatment from the Surgical Unit at the Dental Faculty of the Federal University of Sergipe. She had a history of pain and edema in the right side of the genian region and two failed attempts at removing dental unit (DU) 18. The extraoral clinical exam revealed intense edema of the left hemiface with signs of infection, excoriation of the labial commissure, hematoma, a body temperature of 39°C, and a limited ability to open her mouth. The patient was medicated and treated surgically. The tooth was removed from the maxillary sinus with caution, as should have been done initially.

Edentulousness in relation to remodeling of the gonial angles and incisures in dentate and edentate mandibles: morphometric study using the Image J software.

PURPOSE: The human mandible is subject to stimuli during its growth phase and also in adulthood. One of these stimuli may be absence of teeth, which gives rise to mandibular remodeling. Morphological changes may occur in different areas of this bone, such as in the gonial, condylar and ramus regions. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of edentulousness on remodeling of the gonial angle of the mandible and the angle formed by the mandibular incisure. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Eighty-five dry mandibles from adults were examined: 42 from males and 43 from females. The mandibles were photographed using a camera coupled to a static support that was positioned 20 cm from the object to be photographed. The images were digitized and transferred to the Image J 1.42q software, in which the gonial angle of the mandible and the mandibular incisure angle were measured. RESULTS: There were no differences in the mandibular and mandibular incisure angles in relation to presence or absence of teeth, or between the right and left sides. The mandibular incisure angle was greater in the women. CONCLUSION: Edentulousness did not cause remodeling of the gonial angle of the mandible or in the mandibular incisure angle.

Effect of Erythrinamu lungu on anxiety during extraction of third molars.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Erythrinamu lungu on the control of dental anxiety in patients who had under gone bilateral extraction of asymptomatic, impacted mandibular third molars. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 30 healthy volunteers (5 men and 25 women, over 18 years of age), received either 500mg of E.mulungu (MulunguMatusa®) or 500 mg of placebo, p.o., one hour before surgical procedure. The level ofanxiety was assessed through questionnaire sand physical parameters, such as blood pressure, heart rate andoxygen saturation. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test, ANOVA (Tukey test) and Friedman with significance level of 5%. RESULTS: A higher preference (Chi-square, p = 0.0062) for E. mulungu was observed for both genders. Volunteers with higher anxiety levels tended to to prefer E. mulungu. No statistically significant differences were verified in blood pressure (one-way ANOVA, p = 0.1259), heart rate (Friedman, p> 0.05) and oxygen saturation (Friedman, p = 0.7664) among periods and types of treatments. CONCLUSIONS: E. mulungu showed an anxiolytic effect without significant changes in physiological parameters. It could be considered as an alternative to control the anxiety in adult patients undergoing mandibular thirdmolars surgery.