Development of a new photoelectron spectroscopy instrument combining an electrospray ion source and photoelectron imaging.

A new apparatus has been constructed that combines electrospray ionization with a quadrupole mass filter, hexapole ion trap, and velocity-map imaging. The purpose is to record photoelectron images of isolated chromophore anions. To demonstrate the capability of our instrument we have recorded the photodetachment spectra of isolated deprotonated phenol and indole anions. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the photodetachment energy of the deprotonated indole anion has been recorded.

Clear-air turbulence and sporadic e activity.

Pilots' reports of clear-air turbulence correlate inferentially with sporadic E activity observed by backscatter radar. A cursory survey was made of 19 reports of turbulence between 1 and 20 August 1964 over the western United States; all but three correlate with sporadic E patches.