RESUMO
Research that explains health of Arab and Chaldean Americans relative to the health of non-Arab White Americans is limited but steadily increasing. This study considers whether socioeconomic status moderates the relationship between race/ethnicity and physical and mental health. Data come from a state representative sample of Arab and Chaldean Americans-the 2013 Michigan Behavioral Risk Factor Survey and the 2013 Michigan Arab/Chaldean Behavioral Risk Factor Survey (N = 12,837 adults with 536 Arab/Chaldean Americans). Structural equation models examine whether socioeconomic status, operationalized as educational attainment, moderates the relationship between Arab/Chaldean identity and health, and whether physical activity, access to healthcare, and depression mediate the relationship between educational attainment and health. Results indicate that while Arab/Chaldean Americans have poor health relative to non-Arab White Americans, these differences are largely explained by educational differences. Depression, access to healthcare, and physical activity mediate the relationship between socioeconomic status and health of Arab/Chaldean Americans.
Assuntos
Árabes/estatística & dados numéricos , Nível de Saúde , Saúde Mental/etnologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Doença Crônica/etnologia , Depressão/etnologia , Etnicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Michigan/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
The study used system dynamics modeling computer simulations to gain a better understanding of the process of delivering small-group, evidence-based HIV prevention programs in the community and to explore implications for public health practice. A model was developed to explain provider-reported challenges associated with recruiting, retaining, and graduating people from small-group workshop programs. The model simulations revealed the difficulty in sustaining high rates of recruitment and retention in small-group programs over time. The model simulations provided insight into what processes may lead to suboptimal numbers of people being recruited and positively influenced by these programs.
Assuntos
Redes Comunitárias , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Promoção da Saúde , Modelos Organizacionais , Pacientes Desistentes do Tratamento , Seleção de Pacientes , Simulação por Computador , Humanos , Prática de Saúde PúblicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: We studied the direct and indirect effects of school-based health centers (SBHCs) on the health and health behaviors of middle and high school students. METHODS: We used a prospective cohort design to measure health outcomes annually over 2 consecutive years by student self-report. Cohorts of middle school and high school students were recruited from matched schools with and without SBHCs. Data were obtained from 744 students in both year 1 and year 2 of the study. We used 2-level hierarchical linear models to estimate the effects of the presence of SBHCs at the school level and of SBHC use at the student level. RESULTS: At year 2, users of SBHCs experienced greater satisfaction with their health, more physical activity, and greater consumption of healthy food than did nonusers of SBHCs. CONCLUSIONS: Students who used SBHCs were more satisfied with their health and engaged in a greater number of health-promoting behaviors than did students who did not use SBHCs. These findings indicate that SBHCs are achieving their goal of promoting children's health.