RESUMO
The associate learning subtest from the Wechsler Memory Scale; Benton's Visual Retention test and a Controlled Word Association Task (FAS) were administered to a random sample of normal, healthy individuals whose age ranged from 20 to 79 years, recruited within the Italian peninsula. The neuropsychological examination took place on a mobile unit and the tests were given by the same team of neuropsychologists to reduce variability among examiners. The Research Project was known as Progetto Memoria. Corrections to the scores of these tests were calculated for age, sex, and education. These corrected values will allow clinicians to screen for memory impairment with greater precision among normally aging individuals, thus improving differential diagnosis between physiologic and pathologic deterioration of cognitive functions.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento/psicologia , Memória/fisiologia , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Fatores de Confusão Epidemiológicos , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valores de Referência , Distribuição por SexoRESUMO
Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices Test (RCPM) was administered to 894 normal healthy adults who were randomly selected in six Italian cities and in the Republic of San Marino. Gender, age, and education significantly influenced overall test performance, and performance on different RCPM subsets. Findings from this large random sample provide demographic corrections to test scores for use in clinical practice.
Assuntos
Transtornos Cognitivos/diagnóstico , Testes de Inteligência , Inteligência , Adulto , Idoso , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais , Percepção Espacial , Percepção VisualRESUMO
Visual recognition-memory span, name-face association, and verbal memory with selective reminding were tested in two groups of 24 normal healthy volunteers (above and below age 50 yr.). The preliminary study suggests differential effects of aging on specific memory components and warrants careful exploration.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento/psicologia , Aptidão , Rememoração Mental , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Aprendizagem por Associação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reconhecimento Visual de Modelos , Desempenho Psicomotor , Valores de Referência , Retenção Psicológica , Aprendizagem SeriadaRESUMO
A lateralized tachistoscopic lexical decision task with concrete nouns and orthographically regular nonwords was administered to normal subjects in three conditions using unimanual responses: Yes-No, Go-NoGo with nonword targets, and Go-NoGo with word targets. There was an overall right visual field advantage in accuracy and sensitivity, an interaction between visual hemifield and wordness in latency, and an overall "word" bias. No effect interacted with experimental conditions, showing that response programming did not affect hemispheric asymmetries. The data suggest independent lexical access and similar response programming in each hemisphere. These results are examined in light of three psycholinguistic models of lexical access and are interpreted to support instead a fourth one which posits separate and parallel computations for word decisions and for nonword decisions in each hemisphere.