Retraction: Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Versus Local Anesthetic Wound Infiltration for Postoperative Analgesia in Adult Patients Undergoing Hernia Repair in Daycare Procedure: A Randomized Control Trial.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21311.].

Retraction: The Impact of Charlson Comorbidity Index on Mortality From SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19937.].

Retraction: Frequency and Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Study.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21869.].

Frequency and Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex condition marked by rapid deterioration of renal function (within hours or days), with clinical symptoms ranging from a minor rise in serum creatinine to anuric renal failure needing renal replacement therapy. AKI is one of the complications of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to determine the frequency of AKI among patients with ACS and identify its predictors. Method This study is a retrospective observational study conducted at the Dow University of Health Sciences, a tertiary care hospital located in Karachi, Pakistan. This study was conducted from January 2020 to June 2021. All patients aged 18-75 years admitted with ACS and admitted for more than 48 hours were included in the study. A pre-set questionnaire was used to collect data from the hospital management information system (HMIS). Results The frequency of AKI among patients with ACS was 24.18%. The factors associated with AKI among patients with ACS on multivariable logistic regression included the age of patients (odds ratio (OR) = 1.04, p-value = 0.018), having diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.33, p-value = 0.031), admission Killip ≥ II (OR = 2.12, p-value = 0.041), previous history of myocardial infarction (MI) (OR = 3.64, p-value = 0.001), baseline glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (OR = 0.94, p-value = 0.001), in-hospital ejection fraction (EF) (OR = 0.93, p-value = 0.001), and serum creatinine at admission (OR = 1.02, p-value = 0.001). Conclusion Age, comorbidities including diabetes mellitus and previous history of MI, admission Killip ≥ II, baseline GFR, in-hospital EF, and serum creatinine level at admission are significant independent predictors of AKI in patients with ACS.

Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Versus Local Anesthetic Wound Infiltration for Postoperative Analgesia in Adult Patients Undergoing Hernia Repair in Daycare Procedure: A Randomized Control Trial.

INTRODUCTION: Various modalities are now being used to manage postoperative pain, such as regional nerve blocks techniques, continuous epidural analgesia, patient-controlled analgesia, opioids, and systemic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This study compared the mean postoperative pain score between ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and a local anesthetic wound infiltration at the surgical incision site. METHODOLOGY: A prospective, comparative, randomized controlled trial (RCT) was carried out from February 2021 to September 2021. The study was conducted in the anesthesia department of Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. Patients aged 18-80 years presenting with elective surgery of (both direct and indirect) inguinal hernia repair were enrolled in the study. Participants were randomly assigned into one of the two groups that are local anesthetic wound infiltration (Group A) and TAP block (Group B). The mean pain score was assessed using a visual analog scale and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The study included 168 patients grouped in two different groups. The mean age in Group A was 43.87 (+17.21), and Group B was 47.01 (±15.37). Mean pain scores in groups A and B were 6.36±1.94 vs 4.51 ± 1.99 (p-value=0.001). The pain rescue medications were given to 57.14% of patients in Group A and 34.52% of patients in Group B, and it was significantly different in the two groups (p-value=0.003). It was found that patients in Group A reported more severe pain (41.67%) than patients in Group B (10.71%). CONCLUSION: When compared to local anesthetic wound infiltration, ultrasound-guided TAP block had better analgesic activity compared to local anesthetic wound infiltration.

The Impact of Charlson Comorbidity Index on Mortality From SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection.

INTRODUCTION: Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is a simple, validated, and readily acceptable method of determining the risk of mortality from comorbid disease. It has been used as a predictor of long-term survival and prognosis. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of CCI score on mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients and test the efficacy of the CoLACD score (COVID-19 lymphocyte ratio, age, CCI score, dyspnoea) in predicting mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. METHODOLOGY: It was a retrospective cohort, and the data of this study were gathered from two tertiary hospitals of Karachi, including Liaquat National Hospital and Ziauddin Hospital. Data of patients hospitalized in any of these tertiary care hospitals and diagnosed with confirmed COVID-19 infection were used in the study from January 15, 2021, to April 30, 2021. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 53.22 (±14.21) years. The majority of participants were males (74.91%). Predictors of mortality include CCI score, age of participants, D-dimer, smoking status, and shortness of breath. The sensitivity of this CoLACD score was 80.23%, and specificity was 50.23% (diagnostic accuracy is 60.45%). The negative predictive value (NPV) of this test was 39.44%, and the positive predictive value (PPV) was 83.01%. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that CCI can be used in a clinical setting to achieve a prediction of mortality in COVID-19 patients.