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1.
Ann Neurol ; 93(4): 830-843, 2023 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36546684

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Recent evidence supports a link between increased TDP-43 burden and the presence of an APOE4 gene allele in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, it is difficult to conclude the direct effect of APOE on TDP-43 pathology due to the presence of mixed AD pathologies. The goal of this study is to address how APOE isoforms impact TDP-43 pathology and related neurodegeneration in the absence of typical AD pathologies. METHODS: We overexpressed human TDP-43 via viral transduction in humanized APOE2, APOE3, APOE4 mice, and murine Apoe-knockout (Apoe-KO) mice. Behavior tests were performed across ages. Animals were harvested at 11 months of age and TDP-43 overexpression-related neurodegeneration and gliosis were assessed. To further address the human relevance, we analyzed the association of APOE with TDP-43 pathology in 160 postmortem brains from autopsy-confirmed amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with motor neuron disease (FTLD-MND) in the Mayo Clinic Brain Bank. RESULTS: We found that TDP-43 overexpression induced motor function deficits, neuronal loss, and gliosis in the motor cortex, especially in APOE2 mice, with much milder or absent effects in APOE3, APOE4, or Apoe-KO mice. In the motor cortex of the ALS and FTLD-MND postmortem human brains, we found that the APOE2 allele was associated with more severe TDP-43-positive dystrophic neurites. INTERPRETATION: Our data suggest a genotype-specific effect of APOE on TDP-43 proteinopathy and neurodegeneration in the absence of AD pathology, with the strongest association seen with APOE2. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:830-843.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica , Demência Frontotemporal , Degeneração Lobar Frontotemporal , Doença dos Neurônios Motores , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/genética , Apolipoproteína E2/genética , Doença de Alzheimer/genética , Doença de Alzheimer/patologia , Apolipoproteína E4/genética , Apolipoproteína E3 , Gliose/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Degeneração Lobar Frontotemporal/patologia
2.
J Exp Med ; 219(12)2022 12 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36107206

RESUMO

TREM2 is exclusively expressed by microglia in the brain and is strongly linked to the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). As microglial responses modulated by TREM2 are central to AD pathogenesis, enhancing TREM2 signaling has been explored as an AD therapeutic strategy. However, the effective therapeutic window targeting TREM2 is unclear. Here, by using microglia-specific inducible mouse models overexpressing human wild-type TREM2 (TREM2-WT) or R47H risk variant (TREM2-R47H), we show that TREM2-WT expression reduces amyloid deposition and neuritic dystrophy only during the early amyloid seeding stage, whereas TREM2-R47H exacerbates amyloid burden during the middle amyloid rapid growth stage. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals suppressed disease-associated microglia (DAM) signature and reduced DAM population upon TREM2-WT expression in the early stage, whereas upregulated antigen presentation pathway is detected with TREM2-R47H expression in the middle stage. Together, our findings highlight the dynamic effects of TREM2 in modulating AD pathogenesis and emphasize the beneficial effect of enhancing TREM2 function in the early stage of AD development.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Amiloidose , Doença de Alzheimer/patologia , Amiloide/metabolismo , Amiloidose/patologia , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Humanos , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Camundongos , Microglia/metabolismo , Receptores Imunológicos/genética , Receptores Imunológicos/metabolismo
3.
Neuron ; 106(5): 727-742.e6, 2020 06 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32199103

RESUMO

Evidence suggests interplay among the three major risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD): age, APOE genotype, and sex. Here, we present comprehensive datasets and analyses of brain transcriptomes and blood metabolomes from human apoE2-, apoE3-, and apoE4-targeted replacement mice across young, middle, and old ages with both sexes. We found that age had the greatest impact on brain transcriptomes highlighted by an immune module led by Trem2 and Tyrobp, whereas APOE4 was associated with upregulation of multiple Serpina3 genes. Importantly, these networks and gene expression changes were mostly conserved in human brains. Finally, we observed a significant interaction between age, APOE genotype, and sex on unfolded protein response pathway. In the periphery, APOE2 drove distinct blood metabolome profile highlighted by the upregulation of lipid metabolites. Our work identifies unique and interactive molecular pathways underlying AD risk factors providing valuable resources for discovery and validation research in model systems and humans.


Assuntos
Envelhecimento/genética , Doença de Alzheimer/genética , Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Serpinas/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/imunologia , Fatores Etários , Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Animais , Apolipoproteína E2/genética , Apolipoproteína E3/genética , Apolipoproteína E4/genética , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/imunologia , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/imunologia , Metaboloma , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Fatores de Proteção , Receptores Imunológicos/genética , Receptores Imunológicos/imunologia , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Resposta a Proteínas não Dobradas/genética
4.
Sci Transl Med ; 12(529)2020 02 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32024798

RESUMO

The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease mainly by driving amyloid-ß pathology. Recently, APOE4 has also been found to be a genetic risk factor for Lewy body dementia (LBD), which includes dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia. How APOE4 drives risk of LBD and whether it has a direct effect on α-synuclein pathology are not clear. Here, we generated a mouse model of synucleinopathy using an adeno-associated virus gene delivery of α-synuclein in human APOE-targeted replacement mice expressing APOE2, APOE3, or APOE4. We found that APOE4, but not APOE2 or APOE3, increased α-synuclein pathology, impaired behavioral performances, worsened neuronal and synaptic loss, and increased astrogliosis at 9 months of age. Transcriptomic profiling in APOE4-expressing α-synuclein mice highlighted altered lipid and energy metabolism and synapse-related pathways. We also observed an effect of APOE4 on α-synuclein pathology in human postmortem brains with LBD and minimal amyloid pathology. Our data demonstrate a pathogenic role of APOE4 in exacerbating α-synuclein pathology independent of amyloid, providing mechanistic insights into how APOE4 increases the risk of LBD.


Assuntos
Apolipoproteína E4 , Doença por Corpos de Lewy/genética , Sinucleinopatias , alfa-Sinucleína , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides , Animais , Apolipoproteína E4/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout para ApoE , Sinucleinopatias/genética
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