Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy Reverses Detrusor Hypoactivity in a Chronic Kidney Patient.

Detrusor hypoactivity (DH) is characterized by low detrusor pressure or a short contraction associated with low urinary flow. This condition can progress to chronic renal failure (CRF) and result in the need for dialysis. The present case report demonstrates that a patient diagnosed with DH and CRF who received two transplants with 2 × 106 autologous mesenchymal stromal cells at an interval of 30 days recovered the contractile strength of the bladder and normalized his renal function. The patient had a score of 19 on the ICIQ-SF before cell therapy, and that score was reduced to 1 after transplantation. These results demonstrate that there was an improvement in his voiding function, urinary stream and urine volume as evaluated by urofluxometry. In addition, a urodynamic study carried out after treatment showed an increase in the maximum flow from 2 mL/s to 23 mL/s, the detrusor pressure in the maximum flow from 21 cm H2O to 46 cm H2O and a BCI that went from 31 to 161, characterizing good detrusor contraction. Thus, in the present case, the transplantation of autologous mesenchymal stromal cells proved to be a viable therapeutic option to allow the patient to recover the contractile strength of the bladder, and reversed the CRF.

The intra-articular injection of adipose-derived stem cells decreases pain and reduces inflammation in knee osteoarthritis, with or without the addition of platelet-rich plasma also improves functionality.

The increase of individuals with Osteoarthritis (OA) has generated an increase in public spending in the treatments, which are still not that effective. So, the purpose of this study was to analyze and compare four types of interventions: platelet-rich plasma (PRP), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), ADSCs + PRP and the standard surgical video arthroscopy (All groups passed through standard arthroscopy before intervention). The evaluation was performed by applying the questionnaires Western Ontario McMaster Universities, Short Form Health Survey 36 and Visual Analog Pain Scale, also by analyzing the synovial fluid (inflammatory cytokines, enzymatic, colorimetric and viscosity analysis), this evaluation happened in two moments: before the surgical procedures and after 6 months of the interventions and also was made a comparison to standard arthroscopy. The questionnaires results showed a greater improvement in the scores of the domains analyzed in the ADSCs + PRP group, followed by the ADSCs and PRP group. In the evaluation of inflammatory cytokines, there was a significant reduction in the cytokine IL-1b only in the ADSCs + PRP group (46%) and ADSCs (31%), of IL-6 in the ADSCs + PRP group (72%), of IL-8 in the ADSCs + PRP group (50%) and ADSCs (31%), and TNF in the ADSCs + PRP group (46%). There was also a significant increase in the amount of total proteins (79%) in the control group and polymorphonuclear cells (47%) in the ADSCs + PRP group. Taking all the results into account, we infer that therapies with ADSCs + PRP and only ADSCs are safe and effective over 6 months for the improvement of pain, functional capacity and joint inflammation in volunteers with OA. It is also considered that the use of ADSCs + PRP, particularly, is a promising alternative to help manage this disease, due to the better results presented among the four propose interventions.

CT enterography in the evaluation of Crohn's disease / Enterografia por tomografia computadorizada na avaliação da doença de Crohn

Proposition: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory process that affects various parts of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus with unknown etiology and variable clinical presentation. CD diagnosis is based on clinical and complementary tests. Among the complementary tests, enterography with CT enterography has shown good results in the evaluation of this disease. Methods: The patients evaluated were submitted to a questionnaire on the clinical manifestations of the disease and an CT enterography was obtained. The studies were reviewed by an experienced radiologist looking for radiological signs of CD. Results: The mean age was 40 years, with a predominance of women. The main clinical manifestations are diarrhea in 24 (70%), hematochezia in 19 (55%), abdominal pain in 29 (85%) and weight loss in 22 (64%) patients. The main findings on CT enterography were an intestinal wall enhancement signal in 23 patients (67%), vascular engorgement (vasa recta) in 20 (58%), parenteral fat densification in 14 (41%), intestinal wall thickening in 22 (64%), and lymph node enlargement in 17 (50%) of patients. Conclusion: This study showed that CT enterography presents a good assessment of intestinal involvement by CD. (AU)

Proposição: A doença de Crohn (DC) é um processo inflamatório crônico que acomete vários locais do trato gastrointestinal, desde a boca até o ânus, tendo etiologia desconhecida e apresentação clinica variável. Seu diagnóstico baseia- se no exame clínico e em testes complementares. Dentre os exames complementares, a Enterografia por Tomografia Computadorizada (Entero-TC) tem mostrado bons resultados na avaliação dessa doença. Metodologia: Os pacientes avaliados foram submetidos a um questionário sobre as manifestações clinicas da doença e realizaram Entero-TC. Esses exames foram analisados por um radiologista experiente, à procura de sinais radiológicos da DC. Resultados: A idade média foi de 40 anos, com predomínio de mulheres. As principais manifestações clínicas foram diarreia em 24 (70%), hematoquezia em 19 (55%), dor abdominal em 29 (85%) e perda de peso em 22 (64%) dos pacientes. Os principais achados na Entero-TC foram o sinal de realce de parede intestinal em 23 pacientes (67%), ingurgitamento vascular (vasa recta) em 20 (58%), densificação de gordura perientérica em 14 (41%), espessamento de parede intestinal em 22 (64%) e linfonodomegalia em 17 (50%) dos pacientes avaliados. Conclusão: O presente estudo mostrou que a Entero-TC apresenta boa avaliação do acometimento intestinal pela DC. (AU)