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Immune cells and interleukins play a crucial role in female-specific pain signaling. Interleukin 16 (IL-16) is a cytokine primarily associated with CD4+ T cell function. While previous studies have demonstrated the important role of spinal CD4+ T cells in neuropathic pain, the specific contribution of IL-16 to neuropathic pain remains unclear. In this study, by using a spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced neuropathic pain mice model, we found that SNL induced an increase in IL-16 mRNA levels, which persisted for a longer duration in female mice compared to male mice. Immunofluorescence analysis further confirmed enhanced IL-16- and CD4-positive signals in the spinal dorsal horn following SNL surgery in female mice. Knockdown of spinal IL-16 by siRNA or inhibition of CD4 by FGF22-IN-1, a CD4 inhibitor, attenuated established mechanical and thermal pain hypersensitivity induced by SNL. Furthermore, female mice injected with IL-16 intrathecally exhibited significant spontaneous pain, mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, all of which could be alleviated by FGF22-IN-1 or a CD3 antibody. Additionally, IL-16 induced astrocyte activation but not microglial activation in the spinal dorsal horn of female mice. Meanwhile, astrocyte activation could be suppressed by the CD3 antibody. These results provide compelling evidence that IL-16 promotes astrocyte activation via CD4 on CD3+ T cells, which is critical for maintaining neuropathic pain in female mice.
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Astrócitos , Complexo CD3 , Interleucina-16 , Neuralgia , Transdução de Sinais , Animais , Neuralgia/metabolismo , Feminino , Astrócitos/metabolismo , Astrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Masculino , Complexo CD3/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Interleucina-16/metabolismo , Antígenos CD4/metabolismo , Hiperalgesia/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/metabolismo , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Structure clustering is a general but time-consuming work in the study of life science. Up to now, most published tools do not support the clustering analysis on graphics processing unit (GPU) with root mean square deviation metric. In this work, we specially write codes to do the work. It supports multiple threads on multiple GPUs. To show the performance, we apply the program to a 33-residue fragment in protein Pin1 WW domain mutant. The dataset contains 1,400,000 snapshots, which are extracted from an enhanced sampling simulation and distribute widely in the conformational space. Various testing results present that our program is quite efficient. Particularly, with two NVIDIA RTX4090 GPUs and single precision data type, the clustering calculation on 1 million snapshots is completed in a few seconds (including the uploading time of data from memory to GPU and neglecting the reading time from hard disk). This is hundreds of times faster than central processing unit. Our program could be a powerful tool for fast extraction of representative states of a molecule among its thousands to millions of candidate structures.
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Hydrogels as skin wound dressings have been extensively studied owing to their good flexibility and biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the mechanical performance, adhesive capability, antifouling and antibacterial properties of conventional hydrogels are still unsatisfactory, which hinder the application of hydrogel for cutaneous healing. Here, we developed a novel biocompatible multifunctional hydrogel with super flexible, fatigue resistant, antifouling and self-adhesive capability for effective wound healing, where naturally rigid polymers including quaternized chitosan (QCS) and Tunicate cellulose nanocrystals (TCNCs) are used as bioactive cross-linkers and reinforcers to endow the hydrogel with excellent mechanical and antibacterial property, and the synergistic contributions from the poly(acrylic acid/methacrylate anhydride dopamine/sulfobetaine methacrylate) (poly(AA/DMA/SBMA)) chains and QCS endow the hydrogel with excellent adhesive property, antioxidant, antifouling and pH-responsive sustained drug release capabilities. The optimized hydrogel exhibited high tensile strength (77.69 KPa), large tensile strain (889.9 %), large toughness (307.51KJ.m-3), high adhesive strength (35.57 KPa) and ideal compressive property. The in vivo infected full-thickness skin model demonstrated that the hydrogel with vanvomycin sustained release ability efficiently improved the granulation tissue formation, facilitating collagen deposition and reducing inflammatory expression, thus effectively accelerating wound healing. This superiorly skin-adhesive antibacterial biocompatible hydrogel appears to be a promising candidate for wound therapy.
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Morphine (Mor) has exhibited efficacy in safeguarding neurons against ischemic injuries by simulating ischemic/hypoxic preconditioning (I/HPC). Concurrently, autophagy plays a pivotal role in neuronal survival during IPC against ischemic stroke. However, the involvement of autophagy in Mor-induced neuroprotection and the potential mechanisms remain elusive. Our experiments further confirmed the effect of Mor in cellular and animal models of ischemic stroke and explored its potential mechanism. The findings revealed that Mor enhanced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner by augmenting autophagy levels and autophagic flux in neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Pretreatment of Mor improved neurological outcome and reduced infarct size in mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) at 1, 7 and 14 days. Moreover, the use of autophagy inhibitors nullified the protective effects of Mor, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, increased loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and neuronal apoptosis in OGD/R neurons. Results further demonstrated that Mor-induced autophagy activation was regulated by mTOR-independent activation of the c-Jun NH2- terminal kinase (JNK)1/2 Pathway, both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, these findings suggested Mor-induced neuroprotection by activating autophagy, which were regulated by JNK1/2 pathway in ischemic stroke.
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Autofagia , AVC Isquêmico , Morfina , Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR , Animais , Autofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Masculino , AVC Isquêmico/tratamento farmacológico , AVC Isquêmico/metabolismo , AVC Isquêmico/patologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Morfina/farmacologia , Morfina/uso terapêutico , Camundongos , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/fisiologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Proteína Quinase 8 Ativada por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Proteína Quinase 9 Ativada por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios/metabolismo , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/tratamento farmacológico , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/metabolismo , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/patologia , Neuroproteção/efeitos dos fármacos , Neuroproteção/fisiologia , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/fisiologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND Simethicone can improve bowel preparation quality, but the optimal timing of oral simethicone before colonoscopy has not been determined. This study aimed to explore the effect of the time interval between oral simethicone and the start of colonoscopy (S-C) on bowel preparation quality. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 364 patients undergoing colonoscopy at our department from August 1, 2021 to November 30, 2021 were included in the training cohort, and 420 consecutive patients from December 15, 2021 to January 31, 2022 comprised the validation cohort. They were classified into short and long S-C groups according to the median S-C. Bowel preparation quality evaluated by the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale was compared between the 2 groups. Logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the correlation between S-C and bowel preparation quality, and we explored the effect of run-way time and time of starting colonoscopy on bowel preparation quality. RESULTS In the training cohort, 182 and 182 patients were classified into the short and long S-C groups, respectively; in the validation cohort, 210 and 210 patients were classified into the 2 groups, respectively. In the 2 cohorts, the short S-C group had a significantly higher rate of adequate/excellent bowel preparation than the long S-C group. Logistic regression analyses showed that shorter S-C, shorter run-way time, and colonoscopy in the morning were all correlated with adequate/excellent bowel preparation. CONCLUSIONS Bowel preparation quality may be affected by S-C, run-way time, and time of starting colonoscopy. S-C shortening should be given equal importance as run-way time shortening.
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Catárticos , Colonoscopia , Simeticone , Humanos , Colonoscopia/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Simeticone/administração & dosagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Catárticos/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Idoso , Adulto , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Introduction: The hemodynamic effects of withholding vs. continuing angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) before surgery in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery in a prone position during anesthesia induction to skin incision are still unknown. Methods: In this prospective study, 80 patients undergoing spinal surgery in a prone position with general anesthesia, aged 60-79 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) II or III, were enrolled. Patients who had ARBs only in their preoperative medication list were randomly divided into two groups at a 1:1 ratio: In Group A, ARBs were continued on the morning of surgery, while in Group B, they were withhold. Norepinephrine was infused to maintain the blood pressure at the baseline level of ±20% during anesthesia induction in all patients. The primary outcome was the consumption of norepinephrine in each group from anesthesia induction to skin incision. The secondary outcomes include changes in invasive arterial blood pressure and heart rate, the fluid infusion volumes, the amounts of anesthetic drugs, and the total time from induction to skin incision. Results: There were no significant differences in the demographics, the fluid infusion volumes, the amounts of anesthetic drugs, the total time from induction to skin incision, and hemodynamics at different time points (p > 0.05), while significant differences were found in norepinephrine consumption between the two groups (p < 0.001). Compared with Group B, the consumption of norepinephrine increased significantly in Group A (93.3 ± 29.8 vs. 124.1 ± 38.7 µg, p = 0.000). In addition, the same trend was illustrated in the pumping rate of norepinephrine between Group B (0.04 ± 0.01 µg·kg-1·min-1) and Group A (0.06 ± 0.02 µg·kg-1·min-1) (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Our study conducted in elderly patients with hypotension undergoing prone spinal surgery demonstrated a greater pumping rate of norepinephrine during anesthesia induction in patients with ARBs continuing before surgery than those withholding, indicating that it was more difficult to maintain hemodynamic stability.Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=141081, ChiCTR2100053583.
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BACKGROUND: Perioperative cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury is a major contributor to postoperative death and cognitive dysfunction in patients. It was reported that morphine preconditioning (MP) can mimic ischemia/hypoxia preconditioning to protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the mechanism of MP on the ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal apoptosis has not been fully clarified. METHODS: The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model of mice and the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in primary cortical neurons were used to mimic ischemic stroke. In vivo, the infarct size was measured by using TTC staining; NDSS, Longa score system, and beam balance test were performed to evaluate the neurological deficits of mice; the expression of the protein was detected by using a western blot. In vitro, the viability of neurons was determined by using CCK-8 assay; the expression of protein and mRNA were assessed by using western blot, RT-qPCR, and immunofluorescent staining; the level of apoptosis was detected by using TUNEL staining. RESULTS: MP can improve the neurological functions of mice following MCAO/R (P<0.001, n=10 per group). MP can decrease the infarct size (P<0.001, n=10 per group) and the level of cleaved-caspase-3 of mice following MCAO/R (P<0.01 or 0.001, n=6 per group). MP can increase the levels of cPKCγ membrane translocation, p-p65, and cFLIPL, and decrease the levels of cleaved-caspase-8, 3 in neurons after OGD/R or MCAO/R 1 d (P<0.05, 0.01 or 0.001, n=6 per group). In addition, MP could alleviate OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis (P<0.001, n=6 per group). CONCLUSION: MP alleviates ischemia/reperfusion-induced Caspase 8-dependent neuronal apoptosis through the cPKCγ-NF-κB-cFLIPL pathway.
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Aplastic anemia (AA) and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome are paradigms of autoimmune hematopoietic failure (AHF). Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia are unequivocal myeloid neoplasms (MNs). Currently, AA is also known to be a clonal hematological disease. Genetic aberrations typically observed in MNs are detected in approximately one-third of AA patients. In AA patients harboring MN-related genetic aberrations, a poor response to immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and an increased risk of transformation to MNs occurring either naturally or after IST are predicted. Approximately 10%-15% of patients with severe AA transform the disease phenotype to MNs following IST, and in some patients, leukemic transformation emerges during or shortly after IST. Phenotypic transformations between AHF and MNs can occur reciprocally. A fraction of advanced MN patients experience an aplastic crisis during which leukemic blasts are repressed. The switch that shapes the disease phenotype is a change in the strength of extramedullary inflammation. Both AHF and MNs have an immune-active bone marrow (BM) environment (BME). In AHF patients, an inflamed BME can be evoked by infiltrated immune cells targeting neoplastic molecules, which contributes to the BM-specific autoimmune impairment. Autoimmune responses in AHF may represent an antileukemic mechanism, and inflammatory stressors strengthen antileukemic immunity, at least in a significant proportion of patients who have MN-related genetic aberrations. During active inflammatory episodes, normal and leukemic hematopoieses are suppressed, which leads to the occurrence of aplastic cytopenia and leukemic cell regression. The successful treatment of underlying infections mitigates inflammatory stress-related antileukemic activities and promotes the penetration of leukemic hematopoiesis. The effect of IST is similar to that of treating underlying infections. Investigating inflammatory stress-powered antileukemic immunity is highly important in theoretical studies and clinical practice, especially given the wide application of immune-activating agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of hematological neoplasms.
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Anemia Aplástica , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas , Transtornos Mieloproliferativos , Humanos , Anemia Aplástica/terapia , Medula Óssea , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genéticaRESUMO
Background: Adequate bowel preparation quality is essential for high-quality colonoscopy according to the current guidelines. However, the excellent effect of bowel preparation on adenoma/polyp detection rate (ADR/PDR) remained controversial. Methods: During the period from December 2020 to August 2022, a total of 1566 consecutive patients underwent colonoscopy by an endoscopist. Their medical records were reviewed. According to the Boston bowel preparation scale, patients were divided into excellent, good, and poor bowel preparation quality groups. ADR/PDR, diminutive ADR/PDR, small ADR/PDR, intermediate ADR/PDR, large ADR/PDR, and number of adenomas/polyps were compared among them. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors that were significantly associated with ADR/PDR. Results: Overall, 1232 patients were included, of whom 463, 636, and 133 were assigned to the excellent, good, and poor groups, respectively. The good group had a significantly higher ADR/PDR (63% vs 55%, P = .015) and a larger number of adenomas/polyps (2.5 ± 3.2 vs 2.0 ± 2.8, P = .030) than the poor group. Both ADR/PDR (63% vs 55%, P = .097) and number of adenomas/polyps (2.2 ± 2.8 vs 2.0 ± 2.8, P = .219) were not significantly different between excellent and poor groups. The excellent (9% vs 4%, P = .045) and good (9% vs 4%, P = .040) groups had a significantly higher intermediate ADR/PDR than the poor group. Logistic regression analyses showed that either good (odds ratio [OR] = 1.786, 95% CI = 1.046-3.047, P = .034) or excellent (OR = 2.179, 95% CI = 1.241-3.826, P = .007) bowel preparation quality was independently associated with a higher ADR/PDR compared with poor bowel preparation quality. Excellent (OR = 1.202, 95% CI = 0.848-1.704, P = .302) bowel preparation quality was not independently associated with a higher ADR/PDR compared with good bowel preparation quality. Conclusions: The pursuit of excellence in bowel preparation does not show an association with increased ADR/PDR and number of adenomas/polyps compared with a good level. In addition, our study further contributes to the existing evidence that poor bowel preparation compromises ADR/PDR and number of adenomas/polyps.
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With the advancement of industrial economies, incidents involving spills of petroleum products have become increasingly frequent. The resulting pollutants pose significant threats to air, water, soil, plant and animal survival, as well as human health. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose served as the matrix and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as the initiator, while butyl acrylate (BA) and N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) were employed as graft monomers. Through free radical graft polymerization, cellulose-graft-poly(butyl acrylate-N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide) [Cell-g-P(BA-MBA)], possessing oil-adsorbing properties, was synthesized. The chemical structure, elemental composition, surface morphology and wetting properties of the graft polymerization products have been characterized, using infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and contact angle testing. The adsorption properties of Cell-g-P(BA-MBA) for various organic solvents and oils were then assessed. The experimental results demonstrated that Cell-g-P(BA-MBA) exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 37.55 g/g for trichloromethane. Adsorption kinetics experiments indicated a spontaneous and exothermic process involving physical adsorption, conforming to the Freundlich isotherm model. Furthermore, adsorption kinetics experiments revealed that Cell-g-P(BA-MBA) displayed favorable reuse and regeneration performance, maintaining its adsorption capacity essentially unchanged over fifteen adsorption-desorption cycles.
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To evaluate the efficacy of remimazolam pretreatment in preventing propofol-induced injection pain (PIP) in patients undergoing gastroscopy. One hundred and forty patients (ASA I-II, aged 18-65 years, BMI 18-28 kg/m2) who were to undergo gastroscopy were randomized into either a saline group (group S) or a remimazolam group (group R) (n = 70 for each) on a computer-generated random number basis. The patients in group S received normal saline (0.1 ml/kg) and those in group R were administered remimazolam (0.1 mg/kg) via intravenous infusion for 60 s. 30 s after the injection of normal saline or remimazolam, patients received intravenously propofol (0.5 ml/s) until loss of consciousness. A different anesthesiologist who was unaware of the pretreatment was responsible for maintaining the outcome. The primary endpoint of our study was the incidence of PIP, which was measured using a 4-point scale. Secondary endpoints include the intensity of PIP, vital signs, characteristics of surgery and recovery, and adverse events. The incidence of PIP was significantly lower in group R than in group S (13 vs 51%, p < 0.001), and a lower percentage of patients presented with moderate PIP (3 vs 20%, p < 0.001). Moreover, lower consumption of propofol, shorter recovery time, and greater patient satisfaction were observed in group R than in group S. Pretreatment with remimazolam can effectively reduce the incidence and intensity of PIP in gastroscopy and shorten the recovery time without severe adverse effects.Clinical Trials Registration: Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (identifier: ChiCTR2200063793). Registry time: 16/09/2022. Registry name: Efficacy of Pre-Treatment with Remimazolam on Prevention of Propofol-Induced Injection Pain in Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy. The date of patient enrollment began from 2022-9-17 to 2022-10-10. The link to the registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=176004 .
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Propofol , Humanos , Benzodiazepinas , Gastroscopia , Dor/etiologia , Dor/prevenção & controle , Propofol/efeitos adversos , Solução Salina , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , IdosoRESUMO
This paper developed XJCT-3D, a simulation software for cooling tower wet plume dispersion. By coupling it with the Open GIS component Dotspatial, we have achieved geospatial visual representation of the calculation results, which has solved the problems of low calculation efficiency and insufficient visual representation of the traditional CFD software in the calculation of cooling tower wet plume dispersion. In order to verify the validity of the XJCT-3D software simulation results, we have conducted tracer experimental data from the ChalkPoint power plant. XJCT-3D accurately models wet plume deposition during cooling tower operation. From the XJCT-3D calculation results, we have observed that the maximum value of the cooling tower thermal plume wet deposition occurs near 610 m with a maximum value of 6.9E-07 kg/m2 s. This finding suggests that the cooling tower emissions carry a significant load of particles or droplets that have settled on surfaces at this particular altitude. It provides insights into potential environmental and human health impacts and helps in identifying and assessing areas at relatively higher risk of deposition, such as nearby ecosystems, farmland, or urban areas. This information can contribute to the development of effective mitigation strategies and the implementation of appropriate measures to minimize the impact of cooling tower emissions.
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Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) rarely leads to pulmonary embolism. Due to its low incidence, the underlying pathophysiology, prognosis, and optimal treatment remain largely unexplored and uninvestigated. In this study, a patient with a double-clonal WM, a rare subtype, presented with pulmonary embolism. The patient had a small number of plasma cells without morphological abnormalities, and an effective therapeutic response was observed. Nonetheless, the clinical prognosis requires a long-term follow-up.
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Wound dressing with an improved structural and functional recapitulation of damaged organs, efficient self-healing and antibacterial properties that can well integrate with tissue are urgently needed in wound management. Supramolecular hydrogels confer control over structural properties in a reversible, dynamic and biomimetic fashion. Herein, a kind of injectable, self-healing and antibacterial supramolecular hydrogel with multi-responses were fabricated by mixing phenylazo-terminated Pluronic F127, quaternized chitosan-graft-cyclodextrin and polydopamine coated tunicate cellulose nanocrystals under physiological conditions. By exploiting the photoisomerization of azobenzene under different wavelengths, a supramolecular hydrogel featuring a changing crosslink density of network was obtained. The corporation of polydopamine coated tunicate cellulose nanocrystals strengthens the hydrogel network with Schiff base bonds and hydrogen bonds, which avoids complete gel-sol transition. The inherent antibacterial property, drug release behavior, self-healing ability, hemostatic performance and biocompatibility were investigated to confirm superiority in wound healing. Moreover, the curcumin loaded hydrogel (Cur-hydrogel) showed multi-responsive release profiles (light, pH, and temperature). A full-thickness skin defect model was built to confirm that Cur-hydrogels significantly accelerated wound healing rate with better granulation tissue thickness and collagen disposition. Overall, the novel photo-responsive hydrogel with coherent antibacterial property has great potential in the healthcare of wound healing.
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Quitosana , Nanopartículas , Hidrogéis/farmacologia , Hidrogéis/química , Celulose , Bandagens , Quitosana/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/químicaRESUMO
Building stimulus-responsive units in the hydrogel coatings remains challenging for film sensors consisting of alternated layers of inert substrates and hydrogel coatings. An interesting film sensor with a carboxymethyl starch-based hydrogel coating was developed here. The cross-linking networks of carboxymethyl starch play the roles of structure-constructing units and stimulus-controlling units simultaneously, endowing the coatings with thermal sensing and strain sensing capabilities. The dynamic cross-links formed via the boronic ester bonds are temperature-sensitive, releasing or consuming additional acid ions with temperature alteration, and also as primary networks give the hydrogel strength and stretchability with the assistance of semi-penetrated polyacrylamide chains. Therefore, as-prepared flexible film sensors can be used to detect the periodic changes of human temperature and small-scale motion with multiple working modes, discriminating the physical states related to human health. Moreover, this kind of starch-based coating is degradable in a strongly alkaline solution and the inert substrate layer can protect the skin from erosion caused by direct hydrogel-skin contact, and thereby the film sensor is human- and environmentally friendly. This work also proposes a strategy of building temperature-sensitive units in the film sensor via regulating the chemical networks, instead of tuning physical structures.
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The main purpose of this study was to study the changes in growth, root system, and tissue anatomical structure of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica under soil drought conditions. In this study, the growth indexes and photosynthesis of P. sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings under soil drought stress were studied by pot cultivation. Continuous pot water control experiment of the indoor culture of P. sylvestris var. mongolica was carried out, ensuring that the soil water content of each treatment reached 80%, 40%, and 20% of the field moisture capacity as control, moderate drought and severe drought, respectively. The submicroscopic structures of the needles and roots were observed using a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope. The response of soil roots to drought stress was studied by root scanning. Moderate drought stress increased needle stomatal density, while under severe drought stress, stomatal density decreased. At the same time, the total number of root tips, total root length, root surface area, and root volume of seedlings decreased with the deepening of the drought. Furthermore, moderate drought and severe drought stress significantly reduced the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content in P. sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings compared to the control group. The needle cells were deformed and damaged, and chloroplasts and mitochondria were damaged, gradually disintegrated, and the number of osmiophiles increased. There was also an increase in nuclear vacuolation.
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Pinus sylvestris , Solo , Clorofila A , Secas , Plântula/fisiologia , ÁguaRESUMO
Building multiple chemical crosslinks is an effective strategy to improve mechanical properties and to diversify final application of polysaccharide nanoparticles reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) physical hydrogels. In this work, PVA/cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were used as composite substrate to fabricate ionic conductive hydrogels for strain sensor. Three types of characteristic crosslinks, including chemical crosslinking via boronic ester covalent bonds only, and with additional metal coordination bonding, as well as coexistence of physical crosslinks via PVA crystallites and aforementioned two kinds of chemical crosslinks, were constructed. The sample with triple crosslinks has superior mechanical strength and resistance to fatigue, and the polydopamine/Fe3+ ratio act as key to tune final performance because double-network structure prefers to form as Fe3+ is superfluous, while dual-crosslink one forms in the case of insufficient Fe3+. As-optimized ionic conductive hydrogel is suitable as strain sensor for probing human motions. This work provides an interesting insight into the network structure and property regulation for PVA/CNF composite hydrogels with multiple crosslinks.
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Nanofibras , Álcool de Polivinil , Humanos , Álcool de Polivinil/química , Celulose/química , Nanofibras/química , Íons , Hidrogéis/química , Condutividade ElétricaRESUMO
Background: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of concurrent weekly docetaxel-nedaplatin and hypo-fractionated radiotherapy (hypo-RT) in atypical histologic subtypes of primary and metastatic mediastinal malignancies. Methods: Fifty-four patients diagnosed with atypical primary or metastatic mediastinal malignancies were retrospectively reviewed. 30 patients received concurrent weekly docetaxel and nedaplatin and hypo-RT (CChRT group) and 24 patients had hypo-RT alone (hRT group). Overall response rate (ORR), in-field locoregional progression-free survival (LPFS) and toxicities were analyzed. The radiobiological effect was evaluated by the LQRGC/TCP model, incorporating four "R"s of radiobiology, Gompertzian tumor growth and radio-sensitizing effect of chemotherapeutic agent. The biologically effective doses (BEDs) were calculated. Results: The median follow-up time was 29.2 months for all patients. The ORR was 86.7% in CChRT group, compared with 62.5% in hRT group (p=0.033). The 2-year in-field LPFS of CChRT and hRT group was 73.4% and 47.3%, respectively (p=0.003). There was no significant difference of any >=Grade 3 toxicities between the two groups (p=0.754). The mean total dose and mean BED by the LQRGC/TCP model in CChRT group were 58.2Gy and 72.34Gy, versus 52.6Gy and 67.25Gy in hRT group. Conclusions: Concurrent weekly docetaxel-nedaplatin and hypo-RT achieved promising in-field LPFS and tolerable toxicities compared with hypo-RT alone in different histologic subtypes of primary and metastatic mediastinal malignancies.
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BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The doses of medications may influence the success of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication. This real-world observational study aimed to explore the impact of insufficient doses of medications prescribed for the bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (BQT) regimen on successful H. pylori eradication. METHODS: We retrospectively screened the patients who were diagnosed with H. pylori infection and received BQT regimens for H. pylori eradication at our department between January 2017 and July 2020. The rate of successful H. pylori eradication was compared according to the doses of medications prescribed. Standard doses were defined according to the clinical guidelines. RESULTS: Overall, 1054 patients were included. The rate of successful H. pylori eradication was 78.2% (824/1054). Among them, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and antibiotics were prescribed at insufficient doses in 37.0% (390/1054) and 6.7% (71/1054) of patients, respectively. Furthermore, pantoprazole (98.7% [385/390]) was the most common type of PPIs prescribed at insufficient doses, and nitroimidazoles (85.9% [61/71]) were the most common type of antibiotics prescribed at insufficient doses. Among the patients receiving colloidal bismuth pectin (CBP) (200 mg tid) and standard-dose antibiotics, the rate of successful H. pylori eradication was lower in insufficient-dose PPIs group than standard-dose PPIs group (78.1% [271/347] versus 82.6% [438/530], P = 0.095). Among the patients receiving CBP (200 mg tid) and standard-dose PPIs, the rate of successful H. pylori eradication was significantly lower in insufficient-dose antibiotics group than standard-dose antibiotics group (37.8% [14/37] versus 82.6% [438/530], P < 0.0001). Among the patients receiving CBP 200 mg tid, the rate of successful H. pylori eradication was significantly lower in patients receiving both PPIs and antibiotics at insufficient doses than those at standard doses (46.4% [13/28] versus 82.6% [438/530], P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Among the BQT regimens, PPIs and/or antibiotics, especially pantoprazole and metronidazole, are often prescribed at insufficient doses, compromising the success of H. pylori eradication. ABBREVIATIONS: H. pylori, Helicobacter pylori; UBT, urea breath test; DPM, disintegrations per minute; BQT, bismuth-containing quadruple therapy; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; CBP, colloidal bismuth pectin; qd, once daily; bid, twice daily; tid, three times daily; qid, four times daily.
Assuntos
Infecções por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Nitroimidazóis , Amoxicilina/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Bismuto/uso terapêutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Metronidazol/uso terapêutico , Nitroimidazóis/uso terapêutico , Pantoprazol/uso terapêutico , Pectinas/uso terapêutico , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ureia/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Objective: To study the effect of wound healing and aesthetic satisfaction of patient with second degree burn wounds treated by Kangfuxin solution. Methods: 84 cases of burn plastic surgery in our hospital from October 2020 to October 2021 were included. All patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 42 cases in each group. Patients in both groups received basic treatment after admission, and patients in the control group received conventional treatment. Patients in the observation group were treated with Kangfuxin solution after admission. The clinical efficacy, wound healing time, secretion disappearance time, infection rate, and scar formation rate after treatment were compared between the two groups. The scores of patients and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS) before and after treatment were compared between the two groups, and the occurrence of adverse reactions during treatment was also compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.86%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (61.90%) (P < 0.05).The time of wound healing and secretion disappearance in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05); the infection rate and scar formation rate in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).The scores of PSAs and OSAS in the observation group were significantly lower than those before treatment and after treatment in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the observation group (7.14%) and the control group (9.52%) (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The Kangfuxin solution has the advantages of fast wound healing, high patient satisfaction, better therapeutic effect, and high safety, which is worth clinical application.