Experimental and DFT characterization, antioxidant and anticancer activities of a Cu(II)-irbesartan complex: structure-antihypertensive activity relationships in Cu(II)-sartan complexes.

The coordination compound of the antihypertensive ligand irbesartan (irb) with copper(II) (CuIrb) was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, FT-Raman, UV-visible, reflectance and EPR spectroscopies. Experimental evidence allowed the implementation of structural and vibrational studies by theoretical calculations made in the light of the density functional theory (DFT). This compound was designed to induce structural modifications on the ligand. No antioxidant effects were displayed by both compounds, though CuIrb behaved as a weak 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH(·)) scavenger (IC50 = 425 µM). The measurements of the contractile capacity on human mesangial cell lines showed that CuIrb improved the antihypertensive effects of the parent medication. In vitro cell growth inhibition against prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP and DU 145) was measured for CuIrb, irbesartan and copper(II). These cell lines have been selected since the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor (that was blocked by the angiotensin receptor blockers, ARB) has been identified in them. The complex exerted anticancer behavior (at 100 µM) improving the activity of the ligand. Flow cytometry determinations were used to determine late apoptotic mechanisms of cell death. Experimental and DFT characterization of an irbesartan copper(II) complex has been performed. The complex exhibits low scavenging activity against DPPH(·) and significant growth inhibition of LNCaP and DU 145 prostate cancer cell lines. Flow cytometry determinations were used to determine late apoptotic mechanisms of cell death. This compound improved the antihypertensive effect of irbesartan. This effect was observed earlier for the mononuclear Cu-candesartan complex, but not in structurally modified sartans forming dinuclear or octanuclear Cu-sartan compounds.

Improvement of the antihypertensive capacity of candesartan and trityl candesartan by their SOD mimetic copper(II) complexes.

Two new complexes [Cu(Cand)(H2O)4] [1] and [Cu2(TCand)4(H2O)2]·4H2O [2] (Cand = candesartan; TCand = trityl candesartan) have been synthesized and thoroughly characterized. The FTIR, Raman, EPR and diffuse reflectance spectra of the solid compounds show a dimeric complex for [2] with carboxylate bridging of the type found in copper(II) acetate. Both elemental analysis and thermal measurements allow the determination of the total stoichiometries of both complexes. The stability measurements show that the compounds are stable in ethanolic solutions at least for 1h, while the preservation of the overall stochiometry for both species in solution has been determined by spectrophotometric titrations. By metal complexation the absence of antioxidant behavior of both sartans has been improved. Complexes [1] and [2] are strong superoxidedismutase mimetic compounds and complex [2] also behaves as a peroxyl radical scavenger. Furthermore, this higher antioxidant activity works in parallel with the improvement of the expansive activity over the angiotensin II-induced contracted human mesangial cells. These new complexes exhibit even higher efficiency as drugs in comparison with the free non-complexed medication with increased antioxidant ability expressing higher capacity to block the angiotensin II contractile effect. This study provides a new insight into the development of copper(II) complexes as potential drugs.