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1.
Trop Med Infect Dis ; 8(4)2023 Apr 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37104355

RESUMO

To better guide dengue prevention and control efforts, the use of routinely collected data to develop risk maps is proposed. For this purpose, dengue experts identified indicators representative of entomological, epidemiological and demographic risks, hereafter called components, by using surveillance data aggregated at the level of Consejos Populares (CPs) in two municipalities of Cuba (Santiago de Cuba and Cienfuegos) in the period of 2010-2015. Two vulnerability models (one with equally weighted components and one with data-derived weights using Principal Component Analysis), and three incidence-based risk models were built to construct risk maps. The correlation between the two vulnerability models was high (tau > 0.89). The single-component and multicomponent incidence-based models were also highly correlated (tau ≥ 0.9). However, the agreement between the vulnerability- and the incidence-based risk maps was below 0.6 in the setting with a prolonged history of dengue transmission. This may suggest that an incidence-based approach does not fully reflect the complexity of vulnerability for future transmission. The small difference between single- and multicomponent incidence maps indicates that in a setting with a narrow availability of data, simpler models can be used. Nevertheless, the generalized linear mixed multicomponent model provides information of covariate-adjusted and spatially smoothed relative risks of disease transmission, which can be important for the prospective evaluation of an intervention strategy. In conclusion, caution is needed when interpreting risk maps, as the results vary depending on the importance given to the components involved in disease transmission. The multicomponent vulnerability mapping needs to be prospectively validated based on an intervention trial targeting high-risk areas.

2.
Nanomedicine ; 34: 102374, 2021 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33675981

RESUMO

Despite recent advances in diagnosis, tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the ten leading causes of death worldwide. Here, we engineered Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) proteins (ESAT6, CFP10, and MTB7.7) to self-assemble into core-shell nanobeads for enhanced TB diagnosis. Respective purified Mtb antigen-coated polyester beads were characterized and their functionality in TB diagnosis was tested in whole blood cytokine release assays. Sensitivity and specificity were studied in 11 pulmonary TB patients (PTB) and 26 healthy individuals composed of 14 Tuberculin Skin Test negative (TSTn) and 12 TST positive (TSTp). The production of 6 cytokines was determined (IFNγ, IP10, IL2, TNFα, CCL3, and CCL11). To differentiate PTB from healthy individuals (TSTp + TSTn), the best individual cytokines were IL2 and CCL11 (>80% sensitivity and specificity) and the best combination was IP10 + IL2 (>90% sensitivity and specificity). We describe an innovative approach using full-length antigens attached to biopolyester nanobeads enabling sensitive and specific detection of human TB.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunologia , Nanopartículas , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Citocinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Tuberculose Pulmonar/metabolismo
3.
Tuberculosis (Edinb) ; 124: 101965, 2020 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32692651

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to investigate the composition of throat microbiota in pulmonary tuberculosis patients (PTB) in comparison to healthy tuberculin skin test positive (TSTp) and negative (TSTn) individuals. Throat swabs samples were collected, and the microbiota was characterized. Richer operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were present in PTB group, compared to TSTp and TSTn. Regarding alpha diversity analysis there was a higher community diversity in TSTn compared to TSTp. Beta diversity analysis showed different species composition in TSTp compared to TSTn and PTB. There was higher presence of Firmicutes in PTB and TSTn compared to TSTp group at phylum level. At the genus level, Leuconostoc and Enterococcus were higher in TSTn compared to TSTp and Pediococcus, Chryseobacterium, Bifidobacterium, Butyrivibrio, and Bulleidia were higher in PTB compared to TSTn. Streptococcus was higher in TSTn compared to PTB and Lactobacillus in PTB compared to TSTp. At species level, Streptococcus sobrinus and Bulleidia moorei were higher in PTB compared to TSTn individuals, while Lactobacillus salivarius was higher in PTB compared to TSTp. The differences in the microbiome composition could influence the resistance/susceptibility to Mtb infection.


Assuntos
Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Microbiota , Faringe/microbiologia , Teste Tuberculínico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/microbiologia , Bactérias/classificação , Bactérias/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Humanos , Malásia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Ribotipagem , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico
4.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 11(11): e0006031, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29117180

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Aedes control interventions are considered the cornerstone of dengue control programmes, but there is scarce evidence on their effect on disease. We set-up a cluster randomized controlled trial in Santiago de Cuba to evaluate the entomological and epidemiological effectiveness of periodical intra- and peri-domiciliary residual insecticide (deltamethrin) treatment (RIT) and long lasting insecticide treated curtains (ITC). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Sixty three clusters (around 250 households each) were randomly allocated to two intervention (RIT and ITC) and one control arm. Routine Aedes control activities (entomological surveillance, source reduction, selective adulticiding, health education) were applied in the whole study area. The outcome measures were clinical dengue case incidence and immature Aedes infestation. Effectiveness of tools was evaluated using a generalized linear regression model with a negative binomial link function. Despite significant reduction in Aedes indices (Rate Ratio (RR) 0.54 (95%CI 0.32-0.89) in the first month after RIT, the effect faded out over time and dengue incidence was not reduced. Overall, in this setting there was no protective effect of RIT or ITC over routine in the 17months intervention period, with for house index RR of 1.16 (95%CI 0.96-1.40) and 1.25 (95%CI 1.03-1.50) and for dengue incidence RR of 1.43 (95%CI 1.08-1.90) and 0.96 (95%CI 0.72-1.28) respectively. The monthly dengue incidence rate (IR) at cluster level was best explained by epidemic periods (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) 5.50 (95%CI 4.14-7.31)), the IR in bordering houseblocks (IRR 1.03 (95%CI 1.02-1.04)) and the IR pre-intervention (IRR 1.02 (95%CI 1.00-1.04)). CONCLUSIONS: Adding RIT to an intensive routine Aedes control programme has a transient effect on the already moderate low entomological infestation levels, while ITC did not have any effect. For both interventions, we didn't evidence impact on disease incidence. Further studies are needed to evaluate impact in settings with high Aedes infestation and arbovirus case load.


Assuntos
Aerossóis/administração & dosagem , Dengue/epidemiologia , Dengue/prevenção & controle , Inseticidas/administração & dosagem , Controle de Mosquitos/métodos , Aedes/efeitos dos fármacos , Aedes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Cuba/epidemiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Densidade Demográfica , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
Pediatr Infect Dis J ; 36(1): e22-e28, 2017 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27649366

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A new vaccine candidate against pneumococcus is being developed in Cuba, and it is a priority of the national health system. There is limited information on nasopharyngeal colonization burden, though it is essential for monitoring the impact of the vaccine. The study aims to estimate the prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization in children 2-18 months of age and identify circulating serotypes, antimicrobial resistance and its association with selected risk factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2013 in Cienfuegos municipality. Inclusion criteria were evaluated, and informed consent was obtained from the parents. Clinical and epidemiologic data were collected through a semistructured questionnaire. Nasopharyngeal swabs according to established protocols were taken. Data analysis included frequency distributions and comparison of proportions. The association between colonization and selected risk factors was assessed by multivariate analysis. RESULTS: A total of 984 children (87.2% living in urban areas) were included. The overall prevalence of colonization was 21.6%. The most frequent serotypes isolated were 6A (23.1%), 23F (10.8%), 6B (10.3%), 19F (8.5%) and 14 (3.3%). We found no resistance to ß-lactamases in circulating serotypes. Living with sibling younger than 5 years, previous respiratory infections, previous hospitalization and day-care attendance were determinants of nasopharyngeal carriage. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the burden of pneumococcal disease and colonization in Cuba could be significantly affected after vaccine introduction.


Assuntos
Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Infecções Pneumocócicas/epidemiologia , Vacinas Pneumocócicas/imunologia , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Vacinação/estatística & dados numéricos , Portador Sadio/imunologia , Portador Sadio/microbiologia , Estudos Transversais , Cuba/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Infecções Pneumocócicas/imunologia , Infecções Pneumocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Pneumocócicas/prevenção & controle , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Sorogrupo , Streptococcus pneumoniae/imunologia
6.
MEDICC Rev ; 17(4): 32-7, 2015 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26947279

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION Pneumococcal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality and are associated with considerable economic burden on health systems. To prevent pneumococcal infections, 7-valent conjugate vaccines have been available for over a decade; more recently, 10- and 13-valent conjugate vaccines have been formulated, which are more immunogenic than vaccines with capsular polysaccharides only. In Cuba, a new vaccine candidate has been developed, PCV7-TT, a conjugate of tetanus toxoid with antigens of seven of the serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae with highest circulation in Cuba and in the world: 1, 5, 6B, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F. OBJECTIVE Assess the safety of the vaccine candidate PCV7-TT in healthy adults and conduct a preliminary assessment of its immunogenicity. METHODS A phase I, double-blind clinical trial was performed at the National Toxicology Center in Havana, Cuba. Healthy male volunteers aged 18-35 years were randomly assigned to two groups: 20 received the vaccine candidate PCV7-TT and 20 the polyvalent antipneumococcal vaccine PNEUMO-23 used as control, each in a single intramuscular dose. To assess safety, the occurrence of adverse events was monitored for 30 days following inoculation. To explore immunogenicity, concentrations of serotype-specific antibodies was quantified before and 30 days after inoculation, as well titers of opsonophagocytic antibodies. (National Clinical Trial Registry RPCEC00000133) RESULTS Local adverse events were pain, redness, induration, increased sensitivity to touch, and warmth in the injection area. Pain was registered in 70% of individuals who received PCV7-TT and in 75% of those vaccinated with PNEUMO-23. Reported systemic adverse events were general malaise, headache and drowsiness. All adverse events appeared in the first 72 hours post inoculation and lasted no longer than 3 days. One event was reported that was classified as severe in intensity and serious in consequences, but it was unrelated to vaccination appendicitis in one individual inoculated with the control vaccine. Before vaccination, all participants but one had antibody concentrations =0.20 µg/ml against the vaccine strains; after vaccination 100% of individuals were positive and the concentrations of antibodies increased in previously positive volunteers. Some individuals had opsonophagocytic antibodies against serotypes 1, 14, 19F and 23F before vaccination, with highest concentrations against serotypes 14 and 19F. After vaccination, the percent of individuals with opsonophagocytic titers >1:8 for all serotypes in the vaccine was >50% in both groups. CONCLUSIONS A single dose of candidate vaccine PCV7-TT was safe when used in healthy adults. Preliminary results showed that it was able to activate an immune response against the serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae used. KEYWORDS Invasive pneumococcal diseases, pneumococcal vaccines, conjugate vaccines, immunization, randomized clinical trial, safety, Cuba.


Assuntos
Vacina Pneumocócica Conjugada Heptavalente/imunologia , Infecções Pneumocócicas/prevenção & controle , Toxoide Tetânico/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Cuba/epidemiologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Masculino , Infecções Pneumocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Pneumocócicas/imunologia
7.
BMC Immunol ; 14 Suppl 1: S9, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23458073

RESUMO

TB, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is one of the major global infectious diseases. For the pandemic control, early diagnosis with sensitive and specific methods is fundamental. With the advent of bioinformatics' tools, the identification of several proteins involved in the pathogenesis of TB (TB) has been possible. In the present work, the MTB genome was explored to look for molecules with possible antigenic properties for their evaluation as part of new generation diagnostic kits based on the release of cytokines. Seven proteins from the MTB proteome and some of their combinations suited the computational test and the results suggested their potential use for the diagnosis of infection in the following population groups: Cuba, Mexico, Malaysia and sub-Saharan Africa. Our predictions were performed using public bioinformatics tools plus three computer programs, developed by our group, to facilitate information retrieval and processing.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/imunologia , Simulação por Computador , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunologia , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Sequência de Bases , Biologia Computacional , Citocinas/biossíntese , Humanos , Proteoma , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Tuberculose/imunologia
8.
BMC Immunol ; 14 Suppl 1: S6, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23458668

RESUMO

An in silico study was carried out to identify antigens for their possible collective use as vaccine candidates against diseases caused by different classes of pathogenic mycobacteria with significant clinical relevance. The genome sequences of the relevant causative agents were used in order to search for orthologous genes among them. Bioinformatics tools permitted us to identify several conserved sequences with 100% identity with no possibility of cross-reactivity to the normal flora and human proteins. Nine different proteins were characterized using the strain H37Rv as reference and taking into account their functional category, their in vivo expression and subcellular location. T and B cell epitopes were identified in the selected sequences. Theoretical prediction of population coverage was calculated for individual epitopes as well as their combinations. Several identical sequences, belonging to six proteins containing T and B cell epitopes which are not present in selected microorganisms of the normal microbial flora or in human proteins were obtained.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Epitopos/imunologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunologia , Mycobacterium/imunologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Antígenos de Bactérias/química , Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Proteínas de Bactérias/imunologia , Vacinas Bacterianas , Sequência de Bases , Biologia Computacional , Simulação por Computador , Sequência Conservada , Epitopos/química , Genoma Bacteriano , Humanos , Mycobacterium/genética , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Alinhamento de Sequência , Análise de Sequência de DNA
9.
Vaccine ; 27(47): 6564-9, 2009 Nov 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19720365

RESUMO

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity and the immunogenicity of a 2 x 10(9)CFU dose of the 638 lyophilized live attenuated cholera vaccine for oral administration, formulated and produced at Finlay Institute, City of Havana, Cuba. Thirty-six healthy female and male adult volunteers from 18 to 40 years old were involved, clinically examined and laboratory tested after the informed consent signature. Adverse events were monitored and seroconversion rates and geometrical mean titer (GMT) of vibriocidal antibodies were tested in volunteer's sera samples. Neither serious adverse events nor other damages to the volunteers due to vaccine or placebo feeding were reported during the clinical follow-up period of this study; none of the adverse events registered within the first 72 h after inoculation were life-threatening for volunteers. Neither severe nor moderate adverse events were reported. Sixty-one percent of subjects showed mild expected adverse events in an interval lower than 24h up to the first 72 h, 75% of these in the vaccinated group and 18% in the placebo group. Fourteen days after inoculation the GMT of vibriocidal antibodies in the vaccine group significantly increased in comparison to the placebo group. All subjects in the vaccine group (24) seroconverted (100%). Results show that this vaccine is safe, well tolerated and immunogenic in healthy female and male volunteers.


Assuntos
Vacinas contra Cólera/administração & dosagem , Cólera/prevenção & controle , Administração Oral , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Cólera/imunologia , Vacinas contra Cólera/efeitos adversos , Vacinas contra Cólera/imunologia , Cuba , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Vacinas Atenuadas/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Atenuadas/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Atenuadas/imunologia , Adulto Jovem
10.
MEDICC Rev ; 11(4): 29-35, 2009 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21483296

RESUMO

Introduction Diet is a cornerstone of comprehensive treatment of diabetes mellitus. The macrobiotic diet is low in fat and rich in dietary fiber, vegetables and whole grains, and therefore may be a good therapeutic option. Objective Assess the influence of the Ma-Pi 2 macrobiotic diet on physical, hematologic and biochemical variables, as well as on hypoglycemic medication, in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods A 6-month dietary intervention was carried out in 16 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and poor glucide metabolism control (glycosylated hemoglobin, HbA1 >8.5%) receiving treatment at the Diabetic Care Center in Colón, Matanzas province, Cuba. The diet was prepared and served daily by macrobiotic specialists. Type and amount of food consumed and nutritional content were assessed using a weighted food-consumption survey. At onset and termination of the intervention, anthropometric and body composition variables were measured, as were biochemical (glucide and lipid metabolism) and other nutritional safety variables, and hypoglycemic drug use. Results The diet provided sufficient energy and protein. It was low in fat, high in complex carbohydrates and dietary fiber, and provided adequate amounts of vitamins and minerals, except for vitamin B12. At 6 months, anthropometric variables were significantly lower, lean body mass was preserved, and glucide and lipid metabolism was controlled. All participants were able to eliminate insulin treatment, and 25% continued treatment with glibenclamide only. Mean total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride values dropped 16.4%, 22.7% and 37.0%, respectively, while mean HDL cholesterol rose 97.8%. Mean glycemia and HbA1 values also decreased 63.8% and 54.5%, respectively. According to lipid levels and ratios, cardiovascular risk was also considerably reduced. Hemoglobin, total protein, albumin and creatinin levels indicated that nutritional safety was maintained. There were no adverse events. Conclusions In the 6-month intervention, the Ma-Pi 2 macrobiotic diet had a positive influence on weight control, body fat, and glucide and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further research is needed to validate these encouraging results, particularly a clinical trial in which a control group receives the standard diet recommended for diabetic patients.

11.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 57(2)mayo-ago. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-439514

RESUMO

Se desarrolló una metodología para la selección de cepas de Vibrio cholerae O1 y O139 modificadas genéticamente, con el objetivo de obtener candidatos vacunales atenuados orales contra el cólera. A las cepas modificadas se les realizó caracterización microbiológica, susceptibilidad bacteriana y diferentes pruebas biológicas (dosis letal media, capacidad colonizadora, adherencia en ratones, intestino ligado e inoculación intraduodenal en conejos como pruebas de virulencia y potencia). Las cepas 81, 638, 638T y 1333 fueron evaluadas en ensayos clínicos para determinar su reactogenicidad e inmunogenicidad. Todas las cepas fueron sensibles a la tetraciclina y doxiclicina y mostraron su atenuación e inmunogenicidad en modelos animales, resultando las cepas 638 y 1333 inmunogénicas y no reactogénicas en voluntarios


Assuntos
Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Modelos Animais , Vacinas , Vibrio cholerae
12.
Rev Cubana Med Trop ; 57(2): 92-104, 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17966578

RESUMO

A methodology was developed for the selection of genetically modified strains of Vibrio cholerae 01 and 0139 aimed at obtaining oral attenuated candidate vaccines against cholera. The modified strains underwent microbiological characterization, bacterial susceptibility and different biological tests (mean lethal dose, colonizing capacity, adherence in mice, ligated intestine and intraduodenal inoculation in rabbits as virulence and potency tests. The strains 81, 638, 638T and 1333 were evaluated in clinical trials to determine their reactogenicity and immunogenicity. All the strains were sensitive to tetracycline and doxoclycine. They showed their attenuation and immunogenicity in animal models. The strains 638 and 1333 proved to be immunogenic and non reactogenic in volunteers.


Assuntos
Vacinas contra Cólera , Cólera/prevenção & controle , Vibrio cholerae/imunologia , Administração Oral , Análise de Variância , Animais , Vacinas contra Cólera/administração & dosagem , Vacinas contra Cólera/efeitos adversos , Vacinas contra Cólera/genética , Vacinas contra Cólera/imunologia , Vacinas contra Cólera/isolamento & purificação , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Doxiciclina/farmacologia , Humanos , Camundongos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Modelos Animais , Coelhos , Tetraciclina/farmacologia , Vacinas Atenuadas , Vibrio cholerae/efeitos dos fármacos , Vibrio cholerae/genética , Vibrio cholerae/ultraestrutura
13.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 55(3): 162-168, sep.-dic. 2003.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-629313

RESUMO

Se realizó, con la autorización de la Dirección Municipal de Educación, Dirección Municipal de Salud y el consentimiento informado de los padres, un estudio transversal descriptivo en 318 niños de la Escuela "Mártires del Corynthia"; con el propósito de conocer la prevalencia de portadores de meningococo en niños de edad escolar, determinar los marcadores epidemiológicos de las cepas aisladas y establecer la posible relación existente entre el portador y las variables como edad, sexo, antecedente de infección respiratoria aguda, hacinamiento, amigdalectomía, efecto inhibitorio de la flora acompañante y el estado secretor de antígenos ABH en la saliva. A todos, se les tomó exudado nasofaríngeo y una muestra de saliva. Además, los padres llenaron una encuesta donde se indagó sobre los factores de riesgo a investigar. Se detectó 6,9 % de portadores de meningococo y predominaron las cepas NA:NT:P1.NST:L3,7,9. Los factores de riesgo que dieron resultados estadísticamente significativos respecto a la condición de portador de Neisseria meningitidis fueron: edad, antecedente de infección respiratoria aguda y la presencia de Streptococcus pneumoniae y Neisseria lactamica de la flora bacteriana acompañante en la nasofaringe de los niños investigados.


A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted among 318 children from the "Mártires del Corynthia" Primary School under the authorization of the Municipal Division of Education and the informed consent of their parents aimed at knowing the prevalence of meningoccoco carriers in school children, determining the epidemiological markers of the isolated strains and establishing the possible relation existing between the carrier and variables, such as age, sex, acute respiratory infection history, hacinamiento, amigdalectomy, inhibitory effect of of the accompanying flora and the secretory state of ABH antigens in saliva. All of them underwent nasopharyngeal exudate and a saliva sample was taken. In adition, the paents were surveyed about the risks factors to be investigated. 6.9 % of meningoccoco carriers were found and the NA:NT:P1:NST:L3,7,9 strains predominated. The risk factors with statistically significant results regarding the condition of carrier Neisseria meningitidis carrier were age, acute respiratory infection history, and the presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria lactamica of the accompanying bacterial flora in the nasopharynx of the children under study.


Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Portador Sadio , Meningite Meningocócica/microbiologia , Estudos Transversais , Fatores de Risco
14.
Rev Cubana Med Trop ; 55(3): 162-8, 2003.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15849920

RESUMO

A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted among 318 children from the "Mártires del Corynthia" Primary School under the authorization of the Municipal Division of Education and the informed consent of their parents aimed at knowing the prevalence of meningoccoco carriers in school children, determining the epidemiological markers of the isolated strains and establishing the possible relation existing between the carrier and variables, such as age, sex, acute respiratory infection history, hacinamiento, amigdalectomy, inhibitory effect of of the accompanying flora and the secretory state of ABH antigens in saliva. All of them underwent nasopharyngeal exudate and a saliva sample was taken. In adition, the paents were surveyed about the risks factors to be investigated. 6.9 % of meningoccoco carriers were found and the NA:NT:P1:NST:L3,7,9 strains predominated. The risk factors with statistically significant results regarding the condition of carrier Neisseria meningitidis carrier were age, acute respiratory infection history, and the presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria lactamica of the accompanying bacterial flora in the nasopharynx of the children under study.


Assuntos
Portador Sadio , Meningite Meningocócica/microbiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco
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