Racemose neurocysticercosis: a case series.

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a common parasitic condition of the central nervous system in certain parts of the world. The racemose variety of NCC is distinct from the commonly seen parenchymal form. It frequently infiltrates the basal cisterns and Sylvian fissures. Imaging plays a vital role in the diagnosis; however, as their signal intensity is similar to cerebrospinal fluid and due to the absence of enhancement in most cases, imaging diagnosis is often difficult on the conventional MRI sequences. Here, we present five cases of racemose NCC to emphasize the importance of a heavily T2-weighted sequence (Fast Imaging Employing Steady-state Acquisition) sequence in the diagnosing this entity.

Management of neurovascular emergencies with ophthalmic manifestations.

Patients with neurovascular disorders sometimes approach the ophthalmologists with mild ophthalmic clinical features such as conjunctival congestion, slowly progressive proptosis, lateral rectus palsies and at other times with ophthalmic emergencies like sudden increase in proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, diplopia, and ptosis before the onset of neurological manifestations which may be life-threatening if not detected in time. The aim of this article is to focus on ophthalmic manifestations of neurovascular emergencies and role of ophthalmologists in its management. In this communication, to make the ophthalmologist aware of clinical presentations, the imaging modality of choice, diagnostic features, medical and interventional treatments. We have searched PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and reviewed some of the commonly encountered neurovascular emergencies with ocular manifestations such as carotid-cavernous fistula, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, cerebral artery aneurysms, arterio-venous malformations.

Late presentation of lane-hamilton syndrome in a 33 year old female: A case report.

Lane-Hamilton syndrome (LHS) is a rare syndromic association between idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and celiac disease (CD). It is usually seen in children below 15 years of age. It can occasionally be seen in adults. We present the case of a 33-year-old female patient who presented with recurrent episodes of hemoptysis to the pulmonary outpatient department. She also gave a history of having frequent loose stools. She was admitted and investigated thoroughly and was found to be suffering from LHS which is a rare disease. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest and duodenal biopsy helped in concluding the diagnosis. She was started on gluten-free diet (GFD) and has responded well with no episodes of hemoptysis on 9-month follow-up and is in good general condition. This case highlights the importance of keeping a high index of suspicion of LHS in a young patient presenting with unexplained hemoptysis and diarrhea. In a known case of CD presenting with hemoptysis, a HRCT chest aids in the diagnosis of LHS. A GFD is the mainstay of long-term treatment, and adherence to this diet shows remarkable improvement in the symptoms of the patient and their overall general condition.