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BACKGROUND: Oral food challenge (OFC) is the criterion standard for diagnosis of acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). No diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers are available, and OFC assessment criteria are not validated. OBJECTIVE: To assess clinical-hematological changes and predictors of severity of FPIES reactions at OFC. METHODS: This was an observational multicenter prospective study. Children aged 0 to 18 years diagnosed with acute FPIES were recruited at follow-up OFC in 12 tertiary centers in Spain and Italy. OFC outcomes (as positive/negative/inconclusive and mild/moderate/severe) were assessed on the basis of published "2017 FPIES Consensus" criteria. Clinical characteristics were recorded, and full blood cell count was done at baseline, reaction onset, and 4 hours later. Regression analysis was performed to assess predictors of severe reactions at OFC. RESULTS: A total of 81 children had positive OFC (mild in 11% [9 of 81], moderate in 61% [49 of 81], and severe in 28% [23 of 81]). Increase in neutrophils and reduction in eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes were observed (P < .05). OFC was inconclusive in 19 cases despite objective signs or neutrophilia. Regression analysis showed that a 2-day OFC protocol where only 25% of an age-appropriate portion is given on day 1 (not sex, age, culprit food, cumulative dose, and previous reaction severity) was associated with reduced odds of severe reaction compared with giving multiple doses in a single day. CONCLUSIONS: Distinct hematological changes may help support FPIES diagnosis. Current OFC assessment criteria may not capture the broad spectrum of acute FPIES presentations. This 2-day protocol may be associated with a reduced risk of severe reactions. Future work should aim to develop safer OFC and non-OFC diagnostics for FPIES.
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AIM: To evaluate arterial enhancement, its depiction, and image quality in low-tube potential whole-body computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) with extremely low iodine dose and compare the results with those obtained by hybrid-iterative reconstruction (IR) and deep-learning image-reconstruction (DLIR) methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study included 34 consecutive participants (27 men; mean age, 74.2 years) who underwent whole-body CTA at 80 kVp for evaluating aortic diseases between January and July 2020. Contrast material (240 mg iodine/ml) with simultaneous administration of its quarter volume of saline, which corresponded to 192 mg iodine/ml, was administered. CT raw data were reconstructed using adaptive statistical IR-Veo of 40% (hybrid-IR), DLIR with medium- (DLIR-M), and high-strength level (DLIR-H). A radiologist measured CT attenuation of the arteries and background noise, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was then calculated. Two reviewers qualitatively evaluated the arterial depictions and diagnostic acceptability on axial, multiplanar-reformatted (MPR), and volume-rendered (VR) images. RESULTS: Mean contrast material volume and iodine weight administered were 64.1 ml and 15.4 g, respectively. The SNRs of the arteries were significantly higher in the following order of the DLIR-H, DLIR-M, and hybrid-IR (p<0.001). Depictions of six arteries on axial, three arteries on MPR, and four arteries on VR images were significantly superior in the DLIR-M or hybrid-IR than in the DLIR-H (p≤0.009 for each). Diagnostic acceptability was significantly better in the DLIR-M and DLIR-H than in the hybrid-IR (p<0.001-0.005). CONCLUSION: DLIR-M showed well-balanced arterial depictions and image quality compared with the hybrid-IR and DLIR-H.
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Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Meios de Contraste , Aprendizado Profundo , Doses de Radiação , Imagem Corporal Total , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Estudos Prospectivos , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada/métodos , Meios de Contraste/administração & dosagem , Imagem Corporal Total/métodos , Interpretação de Imagem Radiográfica Assistida por Computador/métodos , Algoritmos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças da Aorta/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To assess diagnosis and therapeutic decisions-making by General Practitioners (GP) using ApnealinkTM® (AL) in patients with high suspicion of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), in comparison with conclusions of Hospital Sleep Unit (HSU) specialists based on home respiratory polygraphy (PGR) results. METHODS: This study involved patients previously selected by HSU for sleep testing by PGR. After it, patients were offered to complete AL test. PGR was checked at HSU; AL was checked by hemoglobin desaturation index of 4% (4% ODI), (4% AL) and 3% (3% ODI) patients with positive test to proceed with CPAP; and those with negative test for further testing. Automatically adjusted 4% AL, was considered valid as it was demonstrated to be equivalent to manual AL. Results were compared by automatically adjusted 3%AL against PGR results. RESULTS: 48 patients were collected. 43 had AL valid test, 45 had PGR valid study, and 41 had both valid test. 27 patients (62,8%) had positive 4% AL (OR 5,51, p < 0,05), that showed AHI ≥ 15/h at 3% AL test; and 19 patients (42,2%) had a positive PGR test. 31 (72%) patients had a positive 3% AL. AL had shown to be a good screening method of SAHS. CONCLUSIONS: There is equivalence between the decisions of GP and HSU. AL is a good diagnostic tool and screening method for OSA in primary care when it is used in patients with high suspicion of moderate-severe OSA.
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Clínicos Gerais , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono , Humanos , Oximetria , Polissonografia , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/diagnóstico , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/diagnóstico , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/terapiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Current trends show a rise of attention given to breast cancer patients' quality of life and the surgical reconstructive result. Along with this trend, surgical training quality and efficacy are gaining importance and innovative training methods such as online videos shared on social media portals, are becoming main updating tools. In hazardous times like COVID-19 pandemic nowadays, online communication becomes of vital importance and adaptation and innovation are fundamental to keep research and education alive. The authors aimed to investigate the role of video and multimedia sources on the daily activity and surgical training of a representative group of surgeons specifically dedicated to oncologic, oncoplastic and reconstructive breast surgeries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey was produced and administered to 20 major Italian Breast Centers. Collected data were analyzed with Fisher's Exact Test. RESULTS: From October 2019 to March 2020, a total of 320 surveys were collected. Among the responders, there were 188 trainees (intern medical doctors and residents) and 110 faculty, 72% of them belonged to a plastic surgery environment, while 28% to general surgery environment. Almost all respondents have ever watched videos concerning breast surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study show how breast surgeons rely on videos and web platforms, mostly YouTube, when searching for training info about surgical procedures. Social media offer great opportunities for sharing knowledge and diffusion of new ideas but greater attention to their reliability is mandatory.
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Infecções por Coronavirus/patologia , Educação a Distância/normas , Pneumonia Viral/patologia , Cirurgiões/psicologia , Betacoronavirus/isolamento & purificação , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , COVID-19 , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Feminino , Humanos , Mastectomia , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Qualidade de Vida , SARS-CoV-2 , Mídias Sociais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Gravação em VídeoRESUMO
Hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA) is one of the most frequent causes of anaphylaxis following a bee, vespid or ant sting. Real-life data regarding the management of HVA in children are lacking. To address this unmet need, we carried out a survey defining the current management of HVA in children among pediatric allergists in Italy. Educational investments on the improvement of the management of pediatric patients with HVA are urgently needed, and our analysis represents a relevant instrument in targeting a roadmap with this aim. The time for pediatric allergists to take action has come, and a task force from the Rare Allergic Diseases Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology is working on the topic to improve pediatricians' knowledge and optimize the care of these patients.
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Alérgenos/efeitos adversos , Anafilaxia/terapia , Venenos de Artrópodes/efeitos adversos , Dessensibilização Imunológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Mordeduras e Picadas de Insetos/complicações , Alérgenos/administração & dosagem , Alérgenos/imunologia , Alergistas/normas , Alergistas/estatística & dados numéricos , Alergia e Imunologia/normas , Anafilaxia/diagnóstico , Anafilaxia/imunologia , Animais , Venenos de Artrópodes/administração & dosagem , Venenos de Artrópodes/imunologia , Criança , Competência Clínica/normas , Competência Clínica/estatística & dados numéricos , Dessensibilização Imunológica/métodos , Dessensibilização Imunológica/normas , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Himenópteros/imunologia , Mordeduras e Picadas de Insetos/imunologia , Mordeduras e Picadas de Insetos/terapia , Itália , Pediatras/normas , Pediatras/estatística & dados numéricos , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Padrões de Prática Médica/normas , Padrões de Prática Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions (DHRs) are considered adverse effects of medications that resemble allergy symptoms. The reported positive clinical history of pediatric drug reactions is about 10%, however, after allergy investigations, only a small percent is confirmed as hypersensitivity. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical history, allergy work-up results and sensitization profile of children and adolescents referred to our Allergy Unit for suspected DHRs. METHODS: The study evaluated data related to a group of children with a positive history of drug reactions during a two-year period. The allergy work-up consisted of in vivo and in vitro tests, in accordance with the recommendations of the ENDA/EAACI guidelines. RESULTS: Data from a group of 637 patients [348 M (54.6%); 289 F (45.4%)] were retrospectively analyzed. Beta lactams (BLs) were the most common drugs involved in the reported clinical history, followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) were most frequently observed during BL treatment. The confirmation of BL hypersensitivity was higher for immediate reactions (IRs) [9.4%; 5.1% through positive skin tests (STs) and 5.5% through drug provocation test (DPT)] compared to non-immediate reactions (non-IRs) (8.1%; 2.2% through STs and 6.2% through DPT). A higher number of positive results was obtained for BLs and macrolides when the tests were performed within 12 months after the index reaction (p < 0.05). During DPTs with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, four hypersensitivity reactions (including one anaphylaxis) occurred despite negative STs. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrated that only 9.1% of patients resulted in being positive to allergy tests which is in line with the data in literature. An allergy work-up is mandatory for excluding suspected hypersensitivity.
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Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hospitais Pediátricos , Humanos , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Lactente , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Testes Cutâneos , Atenção Terciária à SaúdeRESUMO
Introducción: Las cardiopatías congénitas (CC) son las anomalías congénitas más frecuentes. Representan el 0,8-1,2% de todos los defectos del nacimiento y tienen una prevalencia de alrededor de 5,8 por cada 1000 personas. El Servicio de Cardiología del Hospital Garrahan es un centro de referencia nacional y de países limítrofes donde se realizan 18000 consultas anuales. Los pacientes que concurren por primera vez se atienden en el consultorio de orientación. Objetivo: Describir la epidemiologia y perfil de los pacientes que asisten diariamente al consultorio de orientación de cardiología infantil en un hospital pediátrico de tercer nivel de Buenos Aires. Métodos: Entre septiembre de 2017 y febrero de 2018 se recolectaron los datos de 1000 pacientes atendidos en forma consecutiva en el consultorio de orientación de cardiología. A la totalidad de los pacientes se les realizó anamnesis, examen físico cardiovascular, electrocardiograma, y en los casos en los que se consideró necesario, saturometría, radiografía de tórax y/o ecocardiograma. Las variables a considerar fueron edad, procedencia, presencia o ausencia de cardiopatías congénitas o adquiridas, soplo, cianosis, insuficiencia cardíaca, estado nutricional, síndromes genéticos asociados, métodos diagnósticos e indicaciones terapéuticas implementadas. Se subdividió la población en cinco grupos: Grupo A (pacientes con cardiopatía congénita), Grupo B (cardiopatías operadas), Grupo C (miocardiopatías), Grupo D (arritmias), Grupo E (corazón sano). Resultados: La edad mediana fue 4.86 años (0.03 a 18.9 años). El 64% de los pacientes procedían de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Los motivos de consulta fueron: interconsultas internas 29.5%, derivación por cardiopatía 27.2%, soplo 17.6%, síncope 7%, segunda opinión 5.1%, arritmias 4.8%, precordialgia 3.1%, palpitaciones 2.6%, episodio paroxístico 1.4%, cardiomegalia 0.7%, disnea 0.5%, mal progreso de peso 0.3%. El 10.6% tenían un síndrome genético. Grupo A: 252 pacientes con una edad mediana de 1.9 años. Las cardiopatías acianóticas con hiperflujo pulmonar fueron las más frecuentes (66.66%, 168/252). Grupo B: 51 pacientes, 23.52%(12/51) fueron Fallot reparados en otra institución. Grupo C: 22 pacientes, siendo la miocardiopatía hipertrófica la más frecuente. Grupo D: 47 pacientes, la preexcitación ventricular fue el hallazgo más frecuente (34,04%, 16/47). Grupo E: 628 pacientes, 45.70% (287/628) derivados por pediatras del área ambulatoria, principalmente para valoración de pacientes con enfermedades sistémicas o síndromes genéticos. Conclusión: Los motivos de derivación al consultorio de orientación de cardiología fueron muy diversos. La mayoría de los pacientes provenían de provincia de Buenos Aires. Solamente el 37.2% presentó algún problema cardiológico de base. El 91% de los pacientes que consultaron por soplo, no tuvieron cardiopatía. El grupo correspondiente a los pacientes con cardiopatías no operadas (grupo A) fue el de menor edad (mediana de 1.9 años) y las cardiopatías simples no cianóticas con hiperflujo pulmonar representaron el 66.66% de las cardiopatías. La implementación del ecocardiograma portátil en el consultorio de orientación permitió confirmar el diagnóstico y definir la conducta terapéutica en el 29.4% de los pacientes durante la primer consulta (AU)
Introduction: Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most common congenital abnormalities. They account for 0.8-1.2% of all birth defects and have a prevalence of around 5.8 per 1000 people. The Department of Cardiology of Garrahan Hospital is a national and bordering-country reference center, receiving 18000 consultations annually. Patients seen for the first time are assessed at the cardiology guidance clinic. Objective: To describe the epidemiology and profile of patients who seen daily at the child cardiology guidance clinic of a third-level pediatric hospital in Buenos Aires. Methods: Between September 2017 and February 2018, data from 1000 patients consecutively seen at the cardiology guidance clinic were collected. All patients underwent anamnesis, cardiovascular physical examination, electrocardiogram and, if considered necessary, pulse oximetry, chest x-ray, and/or echocardiogram. The variables considered were age, place of origin, presence or absence of congenital or acquired heart disease, murmur, cyanosis, heart failure, nutritional status, associated genetic syndromes, diagnostic methods, and treatment. The population was divided into five groups: Group A (patients with congenital heart defects), Group B (operated cardiopathies), Group C (myocardiopathies), Group D (arrhythmias), Group E (healthy heart). Results: Median age was 4.86 years (0.03 to 18.9 years). Overall, 64% of patients came from the province of Buenos Aires. The reasons for consultation were: internal consultations 29.5%, cardiac shunt 27.2%, murmur 17.6%, syncope 7%, second opinion 5.1%, arrhythmias 4.8%, precordialgia 3.1%, palpitations 2.6%, paroxysmal episode 1.4%, cardiomegaly 0.7%, dyspnea 0.5%, 0.3% poor weight gain. A genetic syndrome was identified in 10.6%. Group A: 252 patients with a median age of 1.9 years. Acyanotic congenital heart defect with pulmonary hyperflow was the most common (66.66%, 168/252). Group B: 51 patients, 23.52% (12/51) had tetralogy of Fallot repaired at another institution. Group C: 22 patients, in whom hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was the most common. Group D: 47 patients, in whom ventricular preexcitation was the most common finding (34.04%, 16/47). Group E: 628 patients, 45.70% (287/628) referred by pediatricians from the outpatient clinics, mainly for the assessment of systemic diseases or genetic syndromes. Conclusion: The reasons for referral to the cardiology guidance clinic were varied. Most of the patients came from the province of Buenos Aires. Only 37.2% had an underlying heart disease. Of the patients who consulted because of a murmur, 91% did not suffer from heart disease. The group of patients with congenital heart disease who had not undergone surgery (group A) was the youngest (median 1.9 years) and simple non-cyanotic heart disease with pulmonary hyperflow accounted for 66.66% of heart diseases. The implementation of the portable echocardiography in the guidance clinic confirmed the diagnosis and defined the management in 29.4% of patients during the first consultation (AU)
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Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Serviço Hospitalar de Cardiologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Assistência Ambulatorial/estatística & dados numéricos , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias Congênitas/genética , Cardiopatias Congênitas/epidemiologia , Cardiopatias/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias/epidemiologia , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sopros Cardíacos/diagnóstico , Sopros Cardíacos/epidemiologia , Estudo ObservacionalRESUMO
Introducción: Los grandes avances en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de los pacientes con cardiopatías congénitas en las últimas décadas han permitido que mas del 90% lleguen a la adolescencia y edad adulta. Sin embargo, muchos de ellos requirieran seguimiento e intervenciones de por vida, por lo que necesitaran ser transferidos desde el hospital pediátrico al de adultos. Material y Métodos: Se incluyeron los pacientes mayores de 15 años que consultaron en el área ambulatoria del servicio de cardiología del Hospital Garrahan durante el periodo agosto 2017 - agosto 2018. Las variables analizadas fueron: procedencia, cardiopatía de base y variedad pronostica ,procedimientos intervencionistas factores asociados como síndrome genéticos y otras comorbilidades, cobertura social, nivel educativo, terapéutica medicamentosa, clase funcional, embarazos, prevalencia de cardiopatías en la descendencia y transición-transferencia al hospital de adultos. Resultados: Registramos 704 consultas de 309 pacientes con una edad media de 19,17 años (DS +- 4,62; (rango 15- 49,4 años). Fueron 112 mujeres y 197 varones. El 51,1 % provenían de Buenos Aires,40 % de las provincias del interior y 8,1% CABA. El 92% de los pacientes tenía cardiopatías de moderada y severa complejidad, y el 93,5% eran operadas. El 13,2 % eran síndromes genéticos. El 48.5% tenían comorbilidades, siendo los trastornos electrofisiológicos los más frecuentes en el 72,66% de los casos. El 63% tenía cobertura social pero solo el 2,6% prepagos con cobertura en centros alta complejidad. El 23.6% recibía terapia combinada con 2 o más drogas. El 48,78% ya presentaban antecedente de algún tipo de reintervención, 98,5% de estas se vincularon a las cardiopatías moderadas a complejas. Registramos 15 embarazos con 14 recién nacidos vivos, 1 con cardiopatía congénita. El proceso de transición transferencia en el 55% (170 p) se había iniciado, siendo efectiva (8p), frustra (9p), compartida (49 p), y en proceso (103 p). Hubo un solo fallecimiento durante el periodo de estudio, vinculado a cardiopatía compleja, múltiples reintervenciones y endocarditis. Conclusiones: El 92% de los pacientes en nuestro estudio, tienen cardiopatías operadas de moderada y severa complejidad. Los trastornos electrofisiológicos y la necesidad de reintervenciones durante el seguimiento alejado han sido las complicaciones más frecuentes de esta población. El proceso de transición y transferencia desde el hospital pediátrico al de adultos es deficitario, principalmente por falta de cobertura y experiencia sobre todo para la atención continua de las cardiopatías moderadas y complejas (AU)
Introduction: In recent decades, important advances in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with congenital heart defects have allowed more than 90% of them to reach adolescence and adulthood. However, many patients required lifelong follow-up and interventions, and therefore the need to be transitioned from pediatric to adult care. Material and Methods: Patients older than 15 years who consulted at the outpatient clinic of the department of cardiology at Garrahan Hospital from August 2017 to August 2018 were included. The variables analyzed were place of origin, underlying heart disease, and diagnosis, interventions, associated factors, such as genetic syndromes and other comorbidities, insurance coverage, educational level, pharmacological treatment, functional class, pregnancies, prevalence of heart disease in offspring, and transition-transfer to adult hospital. Results: We recorded 704 consultations from 309 patients with an average age of 19.17 years (SD +- 4.62; range 15-49.4 years); 112 patients were female and 197 male. Overall, 51.1% came from the province of Buenos Aires, 40% from the other provinces, and 8.1% from the city of Buenos Aires. Of the patients, 92% had moderate and severe heart disease, and 93.5% had undergone surgery. Genetic syndromes were identified in 13.2%. Overall, 48.5% had comorbidities, of which electrophysiological disorders were the most common in 72.66% of cases. 63% had social insurance coverage but only 2.6% had a prepaid insurance with coverage in tertiary-level centers. Overall, 23.6% received combination therapy with 2 or more drugs. 48.78% had undergone some type of previous reintervention, 98.5% of whom had moderate-to-severe heart disease. We recorded 15 pregnancies with 14 live neonates, one of whom had congenital heart defects. The transition - transfer had been initiated in 55% (170 p) and was effective (8p), frustrated (9p), shared (49 p), or in progress (103 p). There was only one death during the study period, related to severe heart disease, multiple reinterventions, and endocarditis. Conclusions: 92% of patients in our study have moderate or severe operated heart disease. Electrophysiological disorders and the need for reintervention during the long-term follow-up were the most common complications of this population. The process of transition and transfer from pediatric to adult care is deficient, mainly due to lack of insurance coverage and experience especially for the ongoing care of moderate-to-severe heart disease
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Humanos , Adolescente , Ambulatório Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente , Transferência de Pacientes/organização & administração , Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente/organização & administração , Transição para Assistência do Adulto/organização & administração , Cardiopatias Congênitas/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudo ObservacionalRESUMO
The cross section of the process e^{+}e^{-}âπ^{+}D^{0}D^{*-} for center-of-mass energies from 4.05 to 4.60 GeV is measured precisely using data samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Two enhancements are clearly visible in the cross section around 4.23 and 4.40 GeV. Using several models to describe the dressed cross section yields stable parameters for the first enhancement, which has a mass of 4228.6±4.1±6.3 MeV/c^{2} and a width of 77.0±6.8±6.3 MeV, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. Our resonant mass is consistent with previous observations of the Y(4220) state and the theoretical prediction of a DD[over ¯]_{1}(2420) molecule. This result is the first observation of Y(4220) associated with an open-charm final state. Fits with three resonance functions with additional Y(4260), Y(4320), Y(4360), ψ(4415), or a new resonance do not show significant contributions from either of these resonances. The second enhancement is not from a single known resonance. It could contain contributions from ψ(4415) and other resonances, and a detailed amplitude analysis is required to better understand this enhancement.
RESUMO
Using a 3.19 fb^{-1} data sample collected at an e^{+}e^{-} center-of-mass energy of E_{cm}=4.178 GeV with the BESIII detector, we measure the branching fraction of the leptonic decay D_{s}^{+}âµ^{+}ν_{µ} to be B_{D_{s}^{+}âµ^{+}ν_{µ}}=(5.49±0.16_{stat}±0.15_{syst})×10^{-3}. Combining our branching fraction with the masses of the D_{s}^{+} and µ^{+} and the lifetime of the D_{s}^{+}, we determine f_{D_{s}^{+}}|V_{cs}|=246.2±3.6_{stat}±3.5_{syst} MeV. Using the câs quark mixing matrix element |V_{cs}| determined from a global standard model fit, we evaluate the D_{s}^{+} decay constant f_{D_{s}^{+}}=252.9±3.7_{stat}±3.6_{syst} MeV. Alternatively, using the value of f_{D_{s}^{+}} calculated by lattice quantum chromodynamics, we find |V_{cs}|=0.985±0.014_{stat}±0.014_{syst}. These values of B_{D_{s}^{+}âµ^{+}ν_{µ}}, f_{D_{s}^{+}}|V_{cs}|, f_{D_{s}^{+}} and |V_{cs}| are each the most precise results to date.
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The Web has increasingly become the major source of information about health care, and patients who need to undergo breast reconstruction often use the internet to acquire an initial knowledge on the subject. We would like to present our study that investigates the quality of published information on pre-pectoral breast reconstruction. We searched the term "Pre-pectoral breast reconstruction" on Google® and Yahoo®. Forty-two web sites were selected and underwent qualitative and quantitative assessment using the expanded EQIP tool. The analysis of document contents showed a critical lack of information about qualitative risks and side-effects descriptions, treatment of potential complications, alert signs for the patient and precautions that the patient may take. Health professionals should inform patients about the potential difficulties of identifying reliable informational web sites about pre-pectoral breast reconstruction. The quality of available information should be improved, especially the important topics included in the content data section of the modified EQIP tool.Level of Evidence IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Informação de Saúde ao Consumidor/normas , Internet , Mamoplastia/métodos , Mamoplastia/tendências , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Few studies on the age of resolution of Food Protein Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) induced by solid foods are available. In particular, for FPIES induced by egg, the mean age of tolerance acquisition reported in the literature ranges from 42 to 63 months. OBJECTIVE: We have assessed whether the age of tolerance acquisition in acute egg FPIES varies depending on whether the egg is cooked or raw. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective and multicentric study of children with diagnosis of acute egg FPIES seen in 10 Italian allergy units between July 2003 and October 2017. The collected data regarded sex, presence of other allergic diseases, age of onset of symptoms, kind and severity of symptoms, cooking technique of the ingested egg, outcome of the allergy test, age of tolerance acquisition. RESULTS: Sixty-one children with acute egg FPIES were enrolled, 34 (56%) males and 27 (44%) females. Tolerance to cooked egg has been demonstrated by 47/61 (77%) children at a mean age of 30.2 months. For 32 of them, tolerance to raw egg has been demonstrated at a mean age of 43.9 months. No episodes of severe adverse reaction after baked egg ingestion have been recorded. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to perform an OFC with baked egg, to verify the possible acquisition of tolerance, at about 30 months of life in children with acute egg FPIES.
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Culinária/estatística & dados numéricos , Hipersensibilidade a Ovo/dietoterapia , Enterocolite/dietoterapia , Doença Aguda , Alérgenos/imunologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Hipersensibilidade a Ovo/epidemiologia , Proteínas do Ovo/imunologia , Enterocolite/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Tolerância Imunológica , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , SíndromeRESUMO
Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb^{-1} taken at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector operated at the BEPCII collider, we perform an analysis of the semileptonic decays D^{0(+)}âπ^{-(0)}µ^{+}ν_{µ}. The branching fractions of D^{0}âπ^{-}µ^{+}ν_{µ} and D^{+}âπ^{0}µ^{+}ν_{µ} are measured to be (0.272±0.008_{stat}±0.006_{syst})% and (0.350±0.011_{stat}±0.010_{syst})%, respectively, where the former is of much improved precision compared to previous results and the latter is determined for the first time. Using these results along with previous BESIII measurements of D^{0(+)}âπ^{-(0)}e^{+}ν_{e}, we calculate the branching fraction ratios to be R^{0}≡B_{D^{0}âπ^{-}µ^{+}ν_{µ}}/B_{D^{0}âπ^{-}e^{+}ν_{e}}=0.922±0.030_{stat}±0.022_{syst} and R^{+}≡B_{D^{+}âπ^{0}µ^{+}ν_{µ}}/B_{D^{+}âπ^{0}e^{+}ν_{e}}=0.964±0.037_{stat}±0.026_{syst}, which are compatible with the theoretical expectation of lepton flavor universality within 1.7σ and 0.5σ, respectively. We also examine the branching fraction ratios in different four-momentum transfer square regions, and find no significant deviations from the standard model predictions.
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We report the first observation of a_{0}^{0}(980)-f_{0}(980) mixing in the decays of J/ψâÏf_{0}(980)âÏa_{0}^{0}(980)âÏηπ^{0} and χ_{c1}âa_{0}^{0}(980)π^{0}âf_{0}(980)π^{0}âπ^{+}π^{-}π^{0}, using data samples of 1.31×10^{9} J/ψ events and 4.48×10^{8} ψ(3686) events accumulated with the BESIII detector. The signals of f_{0}(980)âa_{0}^{0}(980) and a_{0}^{0}(980)âf_{0}(980) mixing are observed at levels of statistical significance of 7.4σ and 5.5σ, respectively. The corresponding branching fractions and mixing intensities are measured and the constraint regions on the coupling constants, g_{a_{0}K^{+}K^{-}} and g_{f_{0}K^{+}K^{-}}, are estimated. The results improve the understanding of the nature of a_{0}^{0}(980) and f_{0}(980).
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BACKGROUND: Transplantation-acquired food allergies (TAFA) are frequently reported and considered to be caused by immunosuppressive therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the allergic and immunologic responses in children who had liver or kidney transplantations. METHODS: Twelve children receiving liver transplantations and 10 children receiving kidney transplantations were investigated. All children underwent the allergy work-up and in most of them, lymphocyte screening and serum cytokine measurements were also performed. RESULTS: TAFA were found in 7/12 (58%) children with liver transplantations and in none of the 10 children with kidney transplantations. The mean age at transplantation was significantly lower in children who underwent liver transplantations (p<0.001). The immunosuppressive therapy administered to children with liver transplantation was tacrolimus in 11 patients and cyclosporine in one patient, while all 10 children with kidney transplantation received tacrolimus plus mycophenolate. The most common antigenic food was egg. The natural killer (NK) cell numbers were significantly higher in liver-transplant children than in kidney-transplant children. No significant differences were found in the serum cytokine levels. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that liver-transplant children treated with tacrolimus alone have a higher risk of developing TAFA than kidney-transplant children treated with tacrolimus plus mycophenolate. NK cells might be involved in this difference.
Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/imunologia , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido/imunologia , Terapia de Imunossupressão/efeitos adversos , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Transplante de Fígado , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Terapia de Imunossupressão/métodos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Lactente , Masculino , Ácido Micofenólico/efeitos adversos , Tacrolimo/efeitos adversosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: We recently published an article in the International Journal of Surgical Case Reports titled: "Scrotal dartos-fascio-myo-cutaneous flap for penis elongation after catastrophic iatrogenic skin shaft sub-amputation: A case of recovery using an extremely adaptable flap". PRESENTATION OF CASE: We propose a comment on a recent article titled "A case report of a complete degloving injury of the penile skin" by Helena Aineskog and Frederik Huss that we read with great interest. DISCUSSION: Genitalia are linked to self-esteem and male sexual identity, especially among young men, who sometimes require a surgical procedure to acquire more confidence. Various techniques are available for pe-nile skin covering, such as skin grafts or cutaneous flaps. The skin of the scrotum seems to be the most suitable tissue to be used to reconstruct the skin covering of the shaft as it is the most similar. CONCLUSION: Scrotal flap is a single stage procedure that is easy and safe to perform.
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INTRODUCTION: Genitalia are linked to self-esteem and male sexual identity, especially among young men, who sometimes require a surgical procedure to acquire more confidence. Among the surgical procedures requested for aesthetical purposes, circumcision is one of the most popular. Although it can be considered to be a simple surgical practice, it may cause severe complications such as penile skin necrosis. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a case of a catastrophic situation after a circumcision performed on a 27-year-old HIV positive man resulted in a drastic reduction in the length of the penile shaft due to extensive skin loss; this was subsequently restored using dartos-fascio-myo-cutaneous flaps. Primary healing occurred in 10days. No infection, dehiscence or flap ischemia were reported. Donor site morbidity was minimal. An adequate aesthetical appearance and satisfactory functional results were obtained. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Various techniques are available for penile skin covering, such as skin grafts or cutaneous flaps. The skin of the scrotum seems to be the most suitable tissue to be used to reconstruct the skin covering of the shaft as it is the most similar. Dartos-fascio-myo-cutaneous flap is a single stage procedure that is easy and safe to perform. It can provide satisfactory cosmetic and functional results, offering a large amount of tissue, with minimal donor site morbidity.